University of Malaya

About: University of Malaya is a education organization based out in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Fiber laser. The organization has 25087 authors who have published 51491 publications receiving 1036791 citations. The organization is also known as: UM & Universiti Malaya.

Advancements in the development of TiO 2 photoanodes and its fabrication methods for dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) applications. A review

Abstract: Dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are widely studied for the safe and reliable energy supply. Due to its low fabrication cost, eco-friendly production and competitive efficiency, this is the promising technology. The components of DSSC which combine to form a photo conversion device are the conducting substrate, dye, photoanode, catalyst and electrolyte. Each component has its own importance but among them photoanode is probability the main component which determines the energy conversion efficiency. Various photoanode materials have been trialled to date. Among them Zn and TiO2 are widely recognized, researched and investigated. In this review attempt will be made to examine the strategies to improve the efficiency of TiO2 photoanode. This review is dedicated to the TiO2 photoanode, its properties, issues related to TiO2 photoanode, various improvement approaches, fabrication methods successfully trialled so far followed by market potential of the DSSC technology, conclusion and recommendations.

Neuroinflammation pathways: a general review

Abstract: Activated microglial cells play an important role in immune and inflammatory responses in central nervous system and neurodegenerative diseases. Many pro-apoptotic pathways are mediated by signaling molecules that are produced during neuroinflammation. In glial cells, NF-κB, a transcription factor, initiates and regulates the expression of several inflammatory processes during inflammation which are attributed to the pathology of the several neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss the most important neuroinflammatory mediators with their pathways. Attenuating cytokines production and controlling microglial inflammatory response, which are the result of understanding neuroinflammation pathways, are considered therapeutic strategies for treating neurodegenerative diseases with an inflammatory component.

A review on exergy analysis of vapor compression refrigeration system

Abstract: This paper reviews on the possibilities of researches in the field of exergy analysis in various usable sectors where vapor compression refrigeration systems are used. Here, it is found that exergy depends on evaporating temperature, condensing temperature, sub-cooling and compressor pressure. It also depends on environmental temperature. Nowadays, hydrocarbons are considered as refrigerant having low ODP and GWP, and these are considerable in the aspect of exergy analysis. Refrigerants R 407a, R 600a, R 410a and R 134a are considered and analyzed with respect to exergy efficiency. Mixtures of hydrocarbons with R134a also show better performance with respect to other refrigerants. Among the components of the vapor compression system, much research showed that major part of exergy losses is occurred in the compressor. Nanofluid and nanolubricant cause to reduce the exergy losses in the compressor indirectly.