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Institution

University of Mannheim

EducationMannheim, Germany
About: University of Mannheim is a education organization based out in Mannheim, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & European union. The organization has 4448 authors who have published 12918 publications receiving 446557 citations. The organization is also known as: Uni Mannheim & UMA.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A novel optimization method based on semidefinite programming relaxations is introduced and applied to the combinatorial problem of minimizing quadratic functionals in binary decision variables subject to linear constraints, and the superiority of this approach to relaxations based on spectral graph theory is shown.
Abstract: We introduce a novel optimization method based on semidefinite programming relaxations to the field of computer vision and apply it to the combinatorial problem of minimizing quadratic functionals in binary decision variables subject to linear constraints. The approach is (tuning) parameter-free and computes high-quality combinatorial solutions using interior-point methods (convex programming) and a randomized hyperplane technique. Apart from a symmetry condition, no assumptions (such as metric pairwise interactions) are made with respect to the objective criterion. As a consequence, the approach can be applied to a wide range of problems. Applications to unsupervised partitioning, figure-ground discrimination, and binary restoration are presented along with extensive ground-truth experiments. From the viewpoint of relaxation of the underlying combinatorial problem, we show the superiority of our approach to relaxations based on spectral graph theory and prove performance bounds.

116 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the issue of profit shifting and "aggressive" tax planning by multinational firms and argue that, in the short term, policy makers should focus on extending withholding taxes in an internationally coordinated way.
Abstract: This paper discusses the issue of profit shifting and ‘aggressive’ tax planning by multinational firms. The paper makes two contributions. Firstly, we provide some background information to the debate by giving a brief overview over existing empirical studies on profit shifting and by describing arrangements for IP-based profit shifting which are used by the companies currently accused of avoiding taxes. We then show that preventing this type of tax avoidance is, in principle, straightforward. Secondly, we argue that, in the short term, policy makers should focus on extending withholding taxes in an internationally coordinated way. Other measures which are currently being discussed, in particular unilateral measures like limitations on interest and license deduction, fundamental reforms of the international tax system and country-by-country reporting, are either economically harmful or need to be elaborated much further before their introduction can be considered.

116 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a synthetic approach to the analysis of institutional effects on EU policy making by combining a rationalist theory of action with a constructivist assumption on the social environment, and argued that this sequencing better explains the EU's decision to expand to the East than either rationalist or constructivist propositions alone.
Abstract: In this article, the author proposes a synthetic approach to the analysis of institutional effects on EU policy making by combining a rationalist theory of action with a constructivist assumption on the social environment: Actors in European integration act strategically on the basis of individual specific policy preferences but do so in a community environment that affects their strategies and the collective interaction outcome. This synthetic approach draws on the work of Erving Goffman and is based on the "sequencing" of rationalist and constructivist propositions. Furthermore, this approach will be most salient when the institutional rules in question are constitutive and legitimate and resonate with national values and norms. Following the design of controlled competition, the author argues that this sequencing better explains the EU's decision to expand to the East than either rationalist or constructivist propositions alone.

116 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Diver can aid collaborative analysis of a broad array of visual data records, including simulations, 2D and 3D animations, and static works of art, photography, and text, which support the tool's fundamentally collaborative, communication-oriented nature.
Abstract: The digital interactive video exploration and reflection (Diver) system lets users create virtual pathways through existing video content using a virtual camera and an annotation window for commentary. Users can post their Dives to the WebDiver server system to generate active collaboration, further repurposing, and discussion. Although our current work focuses on video records in learning research and educational practices, Diver can aid collaborative analysis of a broad array of visual data records, including simulations, 2D and 3D animations, and static works of art, photography, and text. In addition to the social and behavioral sciences, substantive application areas include medical visualization, astronomic data or cosmological models, military satellite intelligence, and ethnology and animal behavior. Diver-style user-centered video repurposing might also prove compelling for popular media with commercial application involving sports events, movies, television shows, and video gaming. Future technical development includes possible enhancements to the interface to support simultaneous display of multiple Dives on the same source content, a more fluid two-way relation between desktop Diver and WebDiver, and solutions to the current limitations on displaying and authoring time/space cropped videos in a browser context. These developments support the tool's fundamentally collaborative, communication-oriented nature.

115 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that FH‐CD14+CD16+ monocytes have specialized functions in the uptake of oxLDL at activated endothelial cell surfaces, and it is hypothesize that these functions are critical for the clearance of ox LDL deposits and apoptotic cells from the vessel wall under hyperlipidemic conditions.
Abstract: The study was undertaken to investigate whether the two major monocyte subsets defined by the surface markers CD14(+)CD16(+) and CD14(++)CD16(-) show differences in their responses to hypercholesterolemia. Monocytes were rapidly isolated from the blood of hypercholesterolemic, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-defective familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) patients and from control persons. Using flow cytometry and uptake, adhesion, and phagocytosis assays as well as laser scanning microscopy, we found significant differences between the monocyte subsets. FH-CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes exhibit an increased uptake of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) via CD36, whereas FH-CD14(++)CD16(-) monocytes preferentially take up native LDL (nLDL). FH-CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes have an increased expression of surface proteins CD68, stabilin-1, and CD11c and a higher adherence to activated endothelial cells in response to oxLDL and nLDL stimulation. In addition, all CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes have an increased ability for phagocytosis and a higher resistance to phagocytosis impairment by oxLDL compared with CD14(++)CD16(-) monocytes. We conclude that FH-CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes have specialized functions in the uptake of oxLDL at activated endothelial cell surfaces, and we hypothesize that these functions are critical for the clearance of oxLDL deposits and apoptotic cells from the vessel wall under hyperlipidemic conditions.

115 citations


Authors

Showing all 4522 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Andreas Kugel12891075529
Jürgen Rehm1261132116037
Norbert Schwarz11748871008
Andreas Hochhaus11792368685
Barry Eichengreen11694951073
Herta Flor11263848175
Eberhard Ritz111110961530
Marcella Rietschel11076565547
Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg10753444592
Daniel Cremers9965544957
Thomas Brox9932994431
Miles Hewstone8841826350
Tobias Banaschewski8569231686
Andreas Herrmann8276125274
Axel Dreher7835020081
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202337
2022138
2021827
2020747
2019710
2018620