University of Mannheim

About: University of Mannheim is a education organization based out in Mannheim, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & European union. The organization has 4448 authors who have published 12918 publications receiving 446557 citations. The organization is also known as: Uni Mannheim & UMA.

Emotional Response to Color Across Media

Abstract: In this study, the characteristics of emotional responses to color are explored in two empirical studies. In particular, the relationship between color attributes and emotional dimensions—valence, arousal, and domi- nance—is analyzed. To account for the cognitive quantity of color, 36 color stimuli were selected following hue and tone categorizations and based on the CIELAB LCh sys- tem. In one experiment, the colors were presented on A5-size glossy paper whereas the identical colors were displayed on CRT monitors in the other experiment. In both experiments, the subjects assessed the emotional responses to each color stimulus using a Self-Assessment- Manikin (SAM), which consists of three rows of five picto- grams illustrating the three dimensions of emotion, respectively. The empirical results provide evidence that the patterns of affective judgment of colors can be pro- filed in terms of the three dimensions of emotion (Reli- ability coefficient, Cronbach's alpha ( 0.7). All three attributes of colors, i.e. hue, Chroma, and Lightness, influenced the emotional responses (repeated measure- ment One-way ANOVA, P \ 0.05), and especially, Chroma was always positively correlated with each of the three emotional dimensions (r ( 0.60 P \ 0.01). More- over, the results indicate that emotional responses to color vary more strongly with regard to tone than to hue categories. Comparing the SAM ratings between the two experiments, a systemic explanation has yet to be found to conclude that there is a media effect on the emotional responses to colors. Furthermore, the process of affective judgment of colors and the limit of color as an emotion elicitor are discussed. 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 00, 000 - 000, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience

Attribution of Arousal as a Mediator of the Effectiveness of Fear‐Arousing Communications1

Abstract: Before watching a fear-arousing antismoking movie, male smokers were administered a placebo pill that was said to have either arousing, tranquilizing, or no side effects. Subjects reported less intention to reduce smoking when they could attribute their arousal to the presumably arousing pill, and greater intention to do so when they expected the pill to be tranquilizing, than when they expccted no side effects. The self-reported number of cigarettes smoked during a two-week period following the experiment decreased in both the tranquilizing and no side-effects conditions, but not in the arousing side-effects condition. The data on subjects' i]ntentions are consistent with predictions derived from Kelley's discounting and augmentation principles and demunstrate informational functions of affective states. Several explanations concerning the differences between intentions and behavior are discussed, and implications concerning strategies for behavior change are explored.

Compulsory Schooling Reforms, Education and Mortality in Twentieth Century Europe

Abstract: Education yields substantial non-monetary benefits, but the size of these gains is still debated. Previous studies, for example, report contradictory effects of education and compulsory schooling on mortality - ranging from zero to large mortality reductions. Using data from 19 compulsory schooling reforms implemented in Europe during the twentieth century, we quantify the mean mortality effect and explore its dispersion across gender, time and countries. We find that men benefit from compulsory education both in the shorter and longer run. In contrast, compulsory schooling reforms have little or no effect on mortality for women.

The Continuous Shearlet Transform in Arbitrary Space Dimensions

Abstract: This paper is concerned with the generalization of the continuous shearlet transform to higher dimensions. Similar to the two-dimensional case, our approach is based on translations, anisotropic dilations and specific shear matrices. We show that the associated integral transform again originates from a square-integrable representation of a specific group, the full n-variate shearlet group. Moreover, we verify that by applying the coorbit theory, canonical scales of smoothness spaces and associated Banach frames can be derived. We also indicate how our transform can be used to characterize singularities in signals.

Shifting Europe's Boundaries: mass media, public opinion and the enlargement of the EU

Abstract: This article demonstrates that public attitudes towards EU enlargement are strongly affected by exposure to the mass media. It reveals `priming' effects by showing that media exposure affects the standards by which individuals evaluate the accession of potential candidate countries. To gain a more refined understanding about media effects on enlargement attitudes, we analytically separate three different factors that underlie EU enlargement support for a given candidate country: its economic performance, its state of democracy and its perceived cultural `match' with the EU. Employing an experimental design, we probe the media-induced effects of these factors on EU enlargement attitudes.