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Institution

University of Mannheim

EducationMannheim, Germany
About: University of Mannheim is a education organization based out in Mannheim, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & European union. The organization has 4448 authors who have published 12918 publications receiving 446557 citations. The organization is also known as: Uni Mannheim & UMA.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of continuous off-the-job training (OFT) for East Germans after unification are analyzed in terms of their earnings and employment probabilities using the potential outcome approach to causality as general framework.
Abstract: The effects of continuous off-the-job training (OFT) for East Germans after unification are analyzed in terms of their earnings and employment probabilities. Using the potential outcome approach to causality as general framework, different matching procedures are suggested for the estimation. They allow for permanent and transitory shocks that influence OFT participation and labor-market outcomes. The matching procedures also take account of individually different starting dates. The data are taken from the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP, 1990–1994). This dataset is very informative with respect to factors influencing the participation in training. The results show no positive effects of training.

387 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of existing research concerning factors that may influence group performance on idea-generation tasks can be found in this paper, where the authors discuss the role of social inhibition in the inferior performance of groups.
Abstract: In the experiments reviewed in this article the subjects are asked to produce ideas that are relevant to a given task request (e.g., possible consequences of a hypothetical event). After describing the specific task material and the performance measures used in the relevant research studies, some analytic background is given by outlining the cognitive resources required in this kind of experimental task and by listing the various factors that may come into play when subjects perform in groups (with discussion) instead of individually. We then review the studies comparing individual and group performance. In all ot these experiments the subjects were asked to work according to the rules of brainstorming, which prescribe that participants refrain from evaluating their ideas. This procedure purportedly results in superior group, relative to individual, performance. Ho.~ever, the empirical evidence clearly indicates that subjects brainstorming in small groups produce fewer ideas than the same number of subjects brainstorming individually. Less clear evidence is available on measures of quality, uniqueness and variety. The discussion considers factors that may be responsible for this inferiority of groups. The role of social inhibition receives particular attention also in terms of suggestions for research.··A.pa/:i"h·om the group-individual comparison we review the existing research concerning factors that may influence group performance on idea-generation tasks.

384 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a longitudinal analysis of large-scale secondary data from multiple sources was conducted to investigate the effect of customer satisfaction on advertising and promotion efficiency and human capital performance, and the authors found that customer satisfaction boosts the efficiency of future advertising investments.
Abstract: Although there is significant evidence that customer satisfaction is an important driver of firm profitability, extant literature has largely neglected two intermediate outcomes of customer satisfaction, namely, a firm's advertising and promotion efficiency and its human capital performance. On the basis of longitudinal analyses of large-scale secondary data from multiple sources, the authors find that customer satisfaction boosts the efficiency of future advertising and promotion investments. This finding can be explained by the possibility that customer satisfaction generates free word-of-mouth advertising and saves subsequent marketing costs. In addition, customer satisfaction has a positive influence on a company's excellence in human capital (employee talent and manager superiority). This finding is highly novel, indicating that human resources managers should have a strong interest in customer satisfaction as well. Finally, the authors investigate the moderating influence of market concentr...

384 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article used panel data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) and the European Community Household Panel (ECHP) for a comparative analysis of workers' post-unemployment earnings trajectories in the United States and 12 Western European countries.
Abstract: This article uses panel data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) and the European Community Household Panel (ECHP) for a comparative analysis of workers' post-unemployment earnings trajectories in the United States and 12 Western European countries. Across the study sample of industrialized countries, results of difference-in-difference propensity score matching show post-unemployment earnings losses to be largely permanent and particularly significant for high-wage and older workers as well as for women. The analyses also show that negative effects of unemployment on workers' subsequent earnings are mitigated through either generous unemployment benefit systems or strict labor market regulation. These effects stem partly from favorable behavioral responses that prevent downward occupational and industrial mobility and partly from changes in the overall structure of labor markets favoring the transferability of worker skills between jobs. These positive effects materialize despite t...

383 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The data suggest that beginning cannabis use during early adolescence may lead to enduring effects on specific attentional functions in adulthood, as apparently, vulnerable periods during brain development exist that are subject to persistent alterations by interfering exogenous cannabinoids.
Abstract: Rationale and objective: The present study tested the hypothesis that chronic interference by cann- abis with endogenous cannabinoid systems during peri- pubertal development causes specific and persistent brain alterations in humans. As an index of cannabi- noid action, visual scanning, along with other atten- tional functions, was chosen. Visual scanning undergoes a major maturation process around age 12-15 years and, in addition, the visual system is known to react specifically and sensitively to cannabinoids. Methods: From 250 individuals consuming cannabis regularly, 99 healthy pure cannabis users were selected. They were free of any other past or present drug abuse, or history of neuropsychiatric disease. After an interview, physi- cal examination, analysis of routine laboratory para- meters, plasma/urine analyses for drugs, and MMPI testing, users and respective controls were subjected to a computer-assisted attention test battery comprising visual scanning, alertness, divided attention, flexibility, and working memory. Results : Of the potential pre- dictors of test performance within the user group, including present age, age of onset of cannabis use, degree of acute intoxication (THC+THCOH plasma levels), and cumulative toxicity (estimated total life dose), an early age of onset turned out to be the only predictor, predicting impaired reaction times exclu- sively in visual scanning. Early-onset users (onset before age 16; n = 48) showed a significant impairment in reaction times in this function, whereas late-onset users (onset after age 16; n = 51) did not di⁄er from controls (n = 49). Conclusions: These data suggest that beginning cannabis use during early adolescence may lead to enduring e⁄ects on specific attentional func- tions in adulthood. Apparently, vulnerable periods dur- ing brain development exist that are subject to persistent alterations by interfering exogenous cannabi- noids.

383 citations


Authors

Showing all 4522 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Andreas Kugel12891075529
Jürgen Rehm1261132116037
Norbert Schwarz11748871008
Andreas Hochhaus11792368685
Barry Eichengreen11694951073
Herta Flor11263848175
Eberhard Ritz111110961530
Marcella Rietschel11076565547
Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg10753444592
Daniel Cremers9965544957
Thomas Brox9932994431
Miles Hewstone8841826350
Tobias Banaschewski8569231686
Andreas Herrmann8276125274
Axel Dreher7835020081
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202337
2022138
2021827
2020747
2019710
2018620