scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

Showing papers by "University of Marburg published in 1973"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In unialgal culture, Gymnodinium pseudopalustre Schiller (G.p.) and Woloszynskia apiculata sp.
Abstract: In unialgal culture, Gymnodinium pseudopalustre Schiller (G.p.) and Woloszynskia apiculata sp. nov. (W.a.) multiply respectively by binary fission in the motile state and by motionless zoosporangia, releasing 2, 4 or 8 zoospores. Both species are isogamous, but G.p. is homothallic, W.a. heterothallic. Fusion of the planogametes leads to long-lived planozygotes, which retain two posterior flagella and, while enlarging, assume specific morphologies. The motile stage of the zygotes is terminated by formation of hypnozygotes (resting spores), globular and spiny in G.p., grossly fusiform (‘horned’) and tubercled in W.a. The composition of the hypnozygote walls is described. After their dormancy has been broken by a cold treatment of several weeks in the dark, hypnozygotes of both species germinate when brought back to higher temperature and light. In so doing, those of G.p. excyst one posteriorly biflagellate swarmer as a meiocyte, which, after a stage of nuclear cyclosis or, in karyological terms, zygotene th...

280 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results indicate that in clinical medicine infusion of large doses of fructose or sorbitol have more disadvantages than advantages compared to glucose.
Abstract: Summary. 1. The effect of parenteral administration of fructose and sorbitol on hepatic adenosine phosphates (AP) and intermediates of carbohydrate metabolism was examined in man and rat.—2. Intravenous injection of fructose rapidly decreases ATP, total adenosine phosphates (AP), and inorganic phosphate in the liver of fed male and female rats. The depletion in hepatic ATP and total AP is also observed in the regenerating rat liver following partial hepatectomy. Equimolar administration of sorbitol has the same effect on liver AP has that observed following fructose, while glucose administration produces no significant changes.—3. In man i.v. infusion of 0.6–0.8 g/kg body weight of fructose or sorbitol reduces hepatic ATP to about 50 %, and total AP to about 65 % of initial values. Glucose has no effect. Blood AP content is not affected by intravenous infusion of 500 ml of 10 % fructose in man.—-4. Fructose distinctly increases the content of various hexose phosphates and triose phosphates in the liver of man. Fructose-1-phosphate accumulates 4-to 5-fold and α-glycerophosphate 3-fold during infusion of 0.6–0.8 g/kg body weight of fructose within 30 minutes.—5. RNA-synthesis in the regenerating rat liver following partial hepatectomy as neasured by incorporation of 6-14C-orotic acid is distinctly inhibited by i. v. injection of 1.6 g of fructose kg. The incorporation rate of 1-14C-D, L-leucine into rat liver protein drops to 35 % of initial levels within 10 minutes after the same amount of fructose, whereas glucose has no inhibitory effect.—6. Both ATP and Pi are important inhibitors of AMP degradation. Thus the drop in total AP content can be explained by the increased breakdown of the latter. This assumption is supported by the observation that injection of fructose plus equimolar amounts of Pi reduces the decrease in total AP, but not in ATP content. The concentration of the final product of AMP degradation, uric acid, increases distinctly following i. v. fructose administration in man.—7. These results indicate that in clinical medicine infusion of large doses of fructose or sorbitol have more disadvantages than advantages compared to glucose.

170 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Etomidate is the first hypnotic drug for intravenous application which is unlikely to cause chemical histamine release, and changes in the differential blood picture only occurred after Althesin and propanidid; not, however, after etomidate and Cremophor EL.
Abstract: The subject of histamine release was investigated in 16 volunteers by means of plasma histamine determination after the administration of etornidate, Althesin, propanidid, and Cremophor EL. Althesin and propanidid caused release of histamine in various degrees of frequency. Blood pressure changes were rather pronounced with both anaesthetic agents; tachycardia reached its maximum in the first and second minute, which seems to be an argument against histamine release as the underlying cause of this reaction. Histamine was, indeed, only released to such an extent (with the exception of one borderline case) that no clinical symptoms other than secretion of gastric juice and erythema were to be expected. After the application of etomidate and Cremophor EL an increase in plasma histamine was not detectable. Changes in the differential blood picture in terms of a decrease in basophils only occurred after Althesin and propanidid; not, however, after etomidate and Cremophor EL. Etomidate is, therefore, the first hypnotic drug for intravenous application which is unlikely to cause chemical histamine release.

137 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Many trabecular endothelial cells showed an increased number of mitochondria and an enlarged endoplasmic reticulum indicating a stage of higher activity and protein synthesis, in contrast to various signs of cell degeneration.

112 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the equation Σ f(n) n = 0 is studied for periodic algebraically-valued functions f and the well known problem of Chowla in this context is resolved.

72 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that the response to NA of portal vein smooth muscle consists of two different components, i.e. iproveratril-resistant part of the NA contraction and the iproversity-resistant parts of the K + depolarization, without significant changes of membrane potential.

70 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the pecten oculi of the domestic chicken were examined with light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy and with freeze-etching techniques, and it was assumed that the formation of apical differentiations of the endothelial surface is due to haemodynamic influences.
Abstract: The pecten oculi of the domestic chicken was examined with light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy and with freeze-etching techniques. Particular attention has been given to the capillary structure. The capillaries form an extensive anastomotic network. Their endothelial cells have apical (luminal), as well as basal, longitudinally oriented microfolds. It is assumed that the formation of apical differentiations of the endothelial surface is due to haemodynamic influences. Thus, sufficient surface area for membrane bound enzymes is achieved. These enzymes are necessary for active transcellular transport processes that require energy. In freeze-etched material, two different structures of the membrane surface of microfolds can be recognized. These results are discussed in relation to transport functions through capillary endothelial cells of the pecten. It is assumed that the pecten plays an important role in the nourishment of the retina and vitreous body.

34 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, α-amanitin, a specific inhibitor of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase B, and cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein synthesis, both inhibit nucleolar RNA synthesis after administration to rats.

29 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In the presence of oxygen, benzotriazolyl 1,3-dioxide (6) is formed as discussed by the authors, and the reaction of benzene, thiophene, dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate or 2,4,6-trimethoxybenzonitrile oxide results in nitrogen evolution and the formation of the product radicals.
Abstract: Durch Oxidation des 1-Hydroxybenzotriazols (4) erhalt man unter Sauerstoffausschlus das Benzotriazolyl-1-oxid-Radikal (5), in Gegenwart von Sauerstoff das Benzotriazolyl-1,3-dioxid (6). 5 reagiert unter N2-Abspaltung mit Benzol und Thiophen zu den Sekundarradikalen 9 bzw. 10, mit Acetylendicarbonsaure-dimethylester zu 11 und mit 2,4,6-Trimethoxybenzonitriloxid zu 8c. Aminyl Oxides, XII. Determination and Reactions of Benzotriazolyl 1-Oxide Oxidation of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (4) in the absence of oxygen yields benzotriazolyl 1-oxide (5), whereas in the presence of oxygen benzotriazolyl 1,3-dioxide (6) is formed. The reaction of 5 with benzene, thiophene, dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate or 2,4,6-trimethoxybenzonitrile oxide results in nitrogen evolution and the formation of the product radicals 9, 10, 11 and 8c, respectively.

27 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The stimulatory action of calcium on the pancreatic secretion of enzymes is interpreted by analogy to the known effects of hypercalcaemia on gastric secretion in man.
Abstract: . Acute hypercalcaemia was induced by infusion of 0.5 mEq calcium (as calcium gluconate) per kg body weight per hour. Its effect on fluid production and on concentration and output of bicarbonate, lipase, chymotrypsin, trypsin and calcium in the duodenal juice was studied in two groups of normal subjects. In group I (n = 7) the pancreas was stimulated with 0.25 clinical units of pure natural secretin per kg body weight per hour, and in group II (n=13) with one clinical unit/kg/h. The calcium infusion was superimposed after 60 minutes, and the experiment concluded 45 minutes later with a single injection of one clinical unit of pancreozymin per kg body weight. Hypercalcaemia had no effect on the secretion of fluid or bicarbonate in group I. In group II, studied with a high dose of secretin, hypercalcaemia led to an increased production of fluid but not of bicarbonate. Hypercalcaemia stimulated significantly the output of enzymes by a factor of 2–3, independently of the secretin-stimulated flow-rate of the juice. Output of calcium was also significantly higher in the hypercalcaemia state than in the secretin period. The stimulatory action of calcium on the pancreatic secretion of enzymes is interpreted by analogy to the known effects of hypercalcaemia on gastric secretion in man.

25 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The 14 NMR spectra of the alkyl-element-azides with element = B, Al, Tl, C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb and As are reported and discussed in view of inductive and associative effects as discussed by the authors.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the photo-phobotaxis of Phormidium uncinatum has been studied by means of a double-beam arrangement for simultaneous irradiation with two wavelengths in trap and background.
Abstract: — The photo-phobotaxis of Phormidium uncinatum has been studied by means of a double-beam arrangement for simultaneous irradiation with two wavelengths in trap and background. Under these conditions the photo-phobotactic reaction depends on whether one or both photosynthetic photosystems are excited by the two wavelengths. If far red or infrared is used as trap light, negative reactions occur under ail background wavelengths investigated. Furthermore, negative reactions are not as sensitive to 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1, 1-dimethylurea (DCMU) as positive ones. These results suggest that negative photo-phobotactic reactions might be caused by light absorbed mainly by photosystem I, while both photosystems I and II can participate in mediating positive phobotactic reactions. In the range in which the absorption spectra of both photosystems overlap, the type of response depends on the photosystem with the stronger absorption.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the preparations of organomercury diazoketones RHgC(N2)C(O)R′ and Hg[CN2C[O]R′]2 are described and the spectroscopic properties of the derivatives are reported on the basis of their IR/Raman, 1H NMR and mass spectra.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a programmierbaren elektronischen Tischrechners uber einen Integrator zur automatischen quantitativen Auswertung von Dunnschicht-Chromatogrammen durch Messung der Remission beschrieben.
Abstract: Am Beispiel der Bestimmung von Phthalsaure wird die on line-Kopplung eines programmierbaren elektronischen Tischrechners uber einen Integrator zur automatischen quantitativen Auswertung von Dunnschicht-Chromatogrammen durch Messung der Remission beschrieben. Das Verfahren arbeitet mit Mittelwertbildung der Integratorwerte der Scans in und gegen die Fliesrichtung, um Basislinienfehler zu eliminieren. Der Rechner ermittelt aus den Vergleichsflecken uber die Methode der kleinsten Summe der Fehlerquadrate die Eichgerade und berechnet hieruber die Substanzmenge in den Analysenflecken. Fur die Auswertung wird eine quadratische Abhangigkeit der Flache unter der Remissionsgrad-Ortskurve von der Substanzkonzentration angenommen. Die erreichte Genauigkeit lag bei etwa 2–2,5% (genaherte relative Standardabweichung).

Book ChapterDOI
W. Nultsch1
01 Jan 1973
TL;DR: Bacteria and blue-green algae have some features in common: they lack a nucleus and all the cytoplasmic structures and organelles which are typical for eukaryontic cells, such as endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, and mitochondria.
Abstract: Bacteria and blue-green algae have some features in common: they lack a nucleus and all the cytoplasmic structures and organelles which are typical for eukaryontic cells, such as endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, and mitochondria. Although they also lack true plastids, in the phototrophic forms, i.e. the families athiorhodaceae, thiorhodaceae, and chlorobacteriaceae and in all blue-green algae the photosynthetic pigments are located in thylakoids, which are not surrounded by a plastid envelope.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Die Mönchsgrasmückenstrophen des Mischsängers stimmten in den phonetischen Merkmalen mit dem hypothetischen Vorbild überein: Klangqualität, Anteil an Kurzelementen and die Verwendung of Frequenzmodulation sowie der Gesamtfrequenzbereich waren mönchSgrasm Mückenartig.
Abstract: 1. Eine freilebende Dorngrasmucke sang neben arteigenen Motivgesangsstrophen den Uberschlag der Monchsgrasmucke. Beide Strophentypen wurden untersucht und mit normalen Dorngrasmucken- bzw. Monchsgrasmuckengesangen verglichen.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results indicate that amodiaquine is an effective in vivo inhibitor of HA methylation but that inhibition of this pathway does not alter endogenous amine levels.
Abstract: drug amodiaquine is a potent inhibitor of HMT but its in vivo potency was not studied. Mice were pretreated with amodiaquine (100 mg/kg) and, 1 hour later, received a tracer dose of al l-HA intravenously. They were killed 2.5 minutes later and tissues (stomach, heart, liver, skin and spleen) were analyzed for total ~H, 8H-HA and aH-MHA by ion-exchange chromatography and solvent partition [2, 3]. Data in control animals were in good agreement with those previously reported by REILLY and SCHAYER [4] particularly as regards to HA uptake (very active in heart) or catabolism (for which liver was the most active). The importance of methylation was indicated by the presence of aH-methylhistamine (3H-MHA) levels at least equal to those of 3H-HA, in all tissues. Pretreatment with amodiaquine resulted in an in vivo inhibition of HA methylation as judged by significant elevation of al l -HA in tissues (almost by 5 times in heart but less in other organs). Also, 3H-MHA was significantly reduced in most tissues, except liver. The effects of amodiaquine on the endogenous HA level has been also investigated under different experimental conditions. Pretreatment (either 1 hour or 3 hours) with amodiaquine did not result in any significant alteration in endogenous HA in tissues. When mice were loaded with methylhistamine (300 mg/kg, i.p.) another potent inhibitor of HA methylation [4], the endogenous amine level in tissues was neither affected. Finally amodiaquine also failed to alter endogenous HA in mice treated with L-histidine or Freund's adjuvant in order to increase the amine synthesis. Taken together our results indicate that amodiaquine is an effective in vivo inhibitor of HA methylation but that inhibition of this pathway does not alter endogenous amine levels.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, die prinzipiellen Moglichkeiten der Auswertung potentiometrischer Titrationen with digitalen Grosrechnern are aufgezeigt.
Abstract: Es werden die prinzipiellen Moglichkeiten der Auswertung potentiometrischer Titrationen mit digitalen Grosrechnern aufgezeigt. Von den bekannten Verfahren erscheint das Gran-Verfahren am geeignetsten, doch mussen die Probleme, die bei der Aufstellung der Geradengleichung nach der Methode der kleinsten Summe der Fehlerquadrate auftreten, diskutiert werden. Es erscheint notwendig, alle Geraden zu normieren. Durch titrationsabhangige multiplikative Faktoren ergeben sich schwach gekrummte Linien.

Journal ArticleDOI
M Gloor1, G Ludwig1
01 Jan 1973
TL;DR: The vascular system in experimental, free, full thickness skin autografts in guinea pigs was visualized by injecting Indian ink in the period between the 6th postoperative day and and eight weeks after the operation.
Abstract: The vascular system in experimental, free, full thickness skin autografts in guinea pigs was visualized by injecting Indian ink in the period between the 6th postoperative day and and eight weeks after the operation. Ideally, revascularization occurs by reactivation ofexisting vessels in the graft. Even reactivation of perifollicular vascular networks and the subepidermal vascular plexus is possible. If revascularization occurs through the growth ofnew vessels, for a long time the vascular arrangement is not the same as that in normal guinea pig skin. The epidermis usually shows acanthosis-like changes. Fast and effective revascularization minimizes the extent and duration of this change.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 1973
TL;DR: Cholesterol and free fatty acids were significantly higher whereas triglycerides and paraffines were significantly lower in persons with seborrhoea oleosa as compared to persons with sicca and the casual level of the skin surface lipids was nearly the same in both groups.
Abstract: Es wird uber dunnschichtchromatographische Analysen der Hautoberflachenlipide bei 37 Versuchspersonen mit Seborrhoea sicca und bei 30 Versuchspersonen mit Seborrhoea oleosa berichtet. Bei Seborrhoea oleosa fanden sich signifikant mehr Cholesterin und freie Fettsauren und signifikant weniger Triglyceride und Paraffine als bei Seborrhoea sicca. Die Hautoberflachenlipidmengen waren bei beiden Kollektiven nahezu identisch.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Strong indications have been obtained suggesting that binder G is the functionally significant receptor, and a further approach to the resolution of this basic problem is based on the inability of rats to respond to glucocorticosteroids.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The enzymatic activities of the absorptive cells were reduced, however, according to statistical analysis of the structural and functional data, the observed reduction in transport seemed to be mainly related to decreased surface area.
Abstract: The relationship between structure and function of the small intestinal mucosa has been studied in treated and untreated sprue and in normal individuals. Glucose, electrolyte and water absorption, as well as histochemically detectable enzymatic activities, have been employed as functional parameters. Villus circumference and height, crypt length and the number of absorptive cells per unit length were used to indicate structural change. Results:

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 1973
TL;DR: Parallele Untersuchungen with dem Osmium-sauretest and qualitative and quantitative bestimmungen der Hautoberflachenlipide an 51 Versuchspersonen 2 Stunden nach Entfetten der Hauts with Petrolather zeigten, das the Reaktion der Talgdrusen auf die Entfettung der hauts von Fall zu Fall, von Stelle zu Stelle and von Druse zu Druse stark unterschiedlich ist as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Parallele Untersuchungen mit dem Osmiumsauretest und qualitative und quantitative Bestimmungen der Hautoberflachenlipide an 51 Versuchspersonen 2 Stunden nach Entfetten der Haut mit Petrolather zeigten, das die Reaktion der Talgdrusen auf die Entfettung der Haut von Fall zu Fall, von Stelle zu Stelle und von Druse zu Druse stark unterschiedlich ist. Die Schnelligkeit und das Ausmas des Lipidersatzes scheinen sowohl von der Zahl der sezernierenden Talgdrusen als auch vom Ausmas der Sekretion der Einzeldruse abhangig zu sein. Auserdem war die Spreitflache des Talgdrusensekretes um so groser, je mehr Wachsester und je weniger Paraffine in den Hautoberflachenlipiden nachweisbar waren. Parallele Messungen der Benetzbarkeit der Haut mit Wasser und Paraffinol sowie quantitative und qualitative Bestimmungen der Hautoberflachenlipide vor und 2 Stunden nach Entfetten der Haut mit Petrolather machten deutlich, das die Benetzbarkeit der Haut mit hydrophilen und lipophilen Substanzen um so besser ist, je mehr Hautoberflachenlipide vorhanden sind. Daruber hinaus nimmt die Benetzbarkeit der Haut mit steigendem Gehalt der Hautoberflachenlipide an freien Fettsauren und sinkenden Gehalt an Paraffinen zu, wahrend ein groser Anteil an squalen und gesattigten Kohlenwasserstoffen zu einer Begunstigung der Benetzbarkeit der Haut mit Paraffinol fuhrt.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that after shampooing with the anionic surfactant sodium polyethyleneglycol laurylethersulfate and the non-ionic polyoxyethylene sorbitolmonolaurate, three-fourth of the total lipids, taking together the lipids of scalp and hair, were regenerated.
Abstract: Bei 32 Versuchspersonen wurden Entfettung und Nachfetten der Haare und der Kopfhaut nach Kopfwasche mit dem anionenaktiven Tensid Polyathylenglykollaurylathersulfatnatriumsalz und dem nichtionogenen Tensid Polyoxathylensorbitanmonolaurat gemessen. Erwartungsgemas war die Entfettung durch das anionenaktive Tensid signifikant starker als durch das nichtionogene Tensid. Zwei Tage nach der Kopfwasche waren etwa 3/4 der Lipide wieder nachweisbar, wenn man von der gemeinsamen Bestimmung der Kopfhaut- und Haarlipide ausgeht. Bewertet man die Haarlipide allein, so war der Anteil der nachgewiesenen Lipide nur 57.77 bzw. 64.78%. Funf Tage nach der Kopfwasche waren die Ausgangswerte wieder voll erreicht. Signifikante Unterschiede zwischen den verwendeten Tensiden fanden sich weder bei den Bestimmungen am 2. noch am 5. Tag nach der Kopfwasche. Eine gezielte Anwendung bestimmter Tenside bei der Kopfwasche im Rahmen der Therapie der Kopfhautseborrhoe last sich somit aus den vorliegenden Untersuchungsergebnissen nicht ableiten. Dagegen lassen sie eine Kopfwasche in zweitagigem Abstand bei Kopfhautseborrhoe als sinnvoll erscheinen. Defatting and Fat Regeneration of Scalp and Hair After Shampooing with Various Surfactants Defatting and fat regeneration of scalp and hair after shampooing with the anionic surfactant sodium polyethyleneglycol laurylethersulfate and the non-ionic surfactant polyoxyethylene sorbitolmonolaurate were studied on 32 subjects. The extent of defatting by the anionic surfactant was considerably higher than by the non-ionic surfactant. Two days after shampooing, three-fourth of the total lipids, taking together the lipids of scalp and hair, were regenerated. Considering the hair lipids alone, 57.77% and 64.78% of the lipids were regenerated. The initial values were attained on the fifth day. Both on the second and fifth day no significant difference in lipid content was observed for the two surfactants. These investigations fail to show that the application of a specific surfactant has any advantage in the treatment of scalp seborrhea. However, shampooing at intervals of two days appears to be meaningful.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This poster presents a probabilistic study of the immune system’s role in the development of central giant cell granuloma, which is a type of giant cell death that is known to occur after surgery.
Abstract: by W. LORENZ, A. DOENICKE, H.-J. REIMANN, M. THERMANN, R. TAUBER, A. SCHMAL, P. DORMANN, H. HENSEL, M. HAMELMANN and E. WERLE Division of Experimental Surgery and Pathological Biochemistry, Department of Surgery, and Department of Physiology, University of Marburg; Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgical Outpatient Clinic and Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, University of Munich, Federal Republic of Germany

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Co-chromatography on DEAE-cellulose of [3H]cortisol-labelled cytosol and [14C]cortsol-labelling rat serum proteins shows that the 4-S cytosolsol corticosteroid-binding protein has similar elution characteristics to serum transcortin.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1973
TL;DR: Fallou and Bobo as mentioned in this paper found maxima in tanδ as a function of temperature and frequency for polyethylene for frequencies around one kHz down to temperatures of 42° K.
Abstract: Measurements of tanδ for polyethylene for frequencies around one kHz down to temperatures of 42° K show an increase in the dielectric loss (Fallou andBobo) (1) We have repeated these measurements with very sensitive equipment over a range of frequencies up to several kHz and down to temperatures of 12° K We find maxima in tanδ as a function of temperature and frequency It thus seems possible for there to be an activated mechanism at these very low temperatures The values of the activation energy are of the order of only some cal/mol instead of the more usual kcal/mol The loss peaks are observed in “as received” material, i e fabricated films and pressed plates Additives and contaminations do not seem to play any role The loss peaks are observed in stretched, particularly stretched crystalline, material The dielectric losses vanish for melted and then slowly cooled or quenched material Molecular rearrangements in the interface between crystalline and non-crystalline regions of the material may play a role in causing these losses

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results suggest that “solvent drag” is one factor which under the above mentioned experimental conditions affects the enhanced electrolyte and water absorption in the jejunum of the rat.
Abstract: Perfusion experiments were carried out in the proximal jejunum and in the distal ileum of conscious rats, using a newly devised technique. The stimulation effect of actively transported hexoses on the sodium, potassium and fluid absorption is demonstrated. 1. There are quantitative differences concerning the effect of 3-O-methyl-d-glucose andd-glucose on the sodium and water absorption. 2. The stimulation by glucose can be seen only when the glucose concentration in the luminal fluid is greater than 10 mM. 3. The ratio of 3-O-methyl-d-glucose- to sodium-transfer-rate is >1, while it is exactly 1 in the experiments involvingd-glucose. 4. The sodium-water equivalent is isotonic under all experimental conditions. 5. In the presence of actively transported hexoses the secretion of potassium into an initially K+-free perfusate is significantly diminished. 6. The transport of potassium depends on the net fluid movement. 7. The stimulation of glucose and 3-O-methyl-d-glucose can only be demonstrated in the jejunum of rat whereas no effect is seen in the distal ileum and colon. 8. These results suggest that “solvent drag” isone factor which under the above mentioned experimental conditions affects the enhanced electrolyte and water absorption in the jejunum of the rat.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the broadening of the resonant D 1 Hanle signal is also measured and hence cross sections for the desorientation of the state 3 2 P 1 2 are derived.