Institution
University of Marburg
Education•Marburg, Germany•
About: University of Marburg is a education organization based out in Marburg, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Virus. The organization has 23195 authors who have published 42907 publications receiving 1506069 citations. The organization is also known as: Philipps University of Marburg & Philipps-Universität.
Topics: Population, Virus, Gene, Exciton, Photoluminescence
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
University of Freiburg1, University of Marburg2, Institut national de la recherche agronomique3, Leibniz Association4, Max Planck Society5, Ghent University6, Spanish National Research Council7, Oak Ridge National Laboratory8, University of Leeds9, Aix-Marseille University10, Joint Genome Institute11, University of British Columbia12, University of Florida13, Uppsala University14, Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research15, University of California, Berkeley16, New York Botanical Garden17, Laval University18, Rutgers University19, University of Geneva20, University of Alberta21, Washington University in St. Louis22, Technische Universität München23, Université Paris-Saclay24
TL;DR: More non-seed plant genomes are needed to unravel how plant genomes evolve, and to understand whether the P. patens genome structure is typical for mosses or bryophytes, it is found that 57% of the genome comprises transposable elements (TEs), some of which may be actively transposing during the life cycle.
Abstract: The draft genome of the moss model, Physcomitrella patens, comprised approximately 2000 unordered scaffolds. In order to enable analyses of genome structure and evolution we generated a chromosome-scale genome assembly using genetic linkage as well as (end) sequencing of long DNA fragments. We find that 57% of the genome comprises transposable elements (TEs), some of which may be actively transposing during the life cycle. Unlike in flowering plant genomes, gene- and TE-rich regions show an overall even distribution along the chromosomes. However, the chromosomes are mono-centric with peaks of a class of Copia elements potentially coinciding with centromeres. Gene body methylation is evident in 5.7% of the protein-coding genes, typically coinciding with low GC and low expression. Some giant virus insertions are transcriptionally active and might protect gametes from viral infection via siRNA mediated silencing. Structure-based detection methods show that the genome evolved via two rounds of whole genome duplications (WGDs), apparently common in mosses but not in liverworts and hornworts. Several hundred genes are present in colinear regions conserved since the last common ancestor of plants. These syntenic regions are enriched for functions related to plant-specific cell growth and tissue organization. The P. patens genome lacks the TE-rich pericentromeric and gene-rich distal regions typical for most flowering plant genomes. More non-seed plant genomes are needed to unravel how plant genomes evolve, and to understand whether the P. patens genome structure is typical for mosses or bryophytes.
297 citations
••
TL;DR: The results support the exciton concept and indicate the failure of one-electron theories for treating the lowest excitation states of conjugated polymers like PPV.
Abstract: The fluorescence spectra of poly(p-phenylenevinylene) have been investigated at 6 K employing site-selective laser spectroscopy. They delineate the existence of a well-defined energy in the tail of the absorption edge below which the fluorescence emission is quasiresonant with an excitation featuring a Stokes shift of 100 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ only. Above this localization threshold ${\ensuremath{
u}}_{\mathrm{loc}}$ spectral diffusion is observed with the emission independent of excitation yet carrying a significant polarization memory for excitation energies up to 1.9 eV in excess of ${\ensuremath{
u}}_{\mathrm{loc}}$. This is incompatible with the band picture involving photogeneration of an uncorrelated electron-hole pair, yet consistent with the concept of random walks of neutral excitations through an inhomogeneously broadened density of states. The chromophores are associated with a distribution of segments of the polymer chains along which the excitation is delocalized. Published results on time-resolved fluorescence support the exciton picture.
297 citations
••
TL;DR: A model is proposed whereby RelA hops between blocked ribosomes, providing an explanation for how low intracellular concentrations of RelA can synthesize (p)ppGpp at levels that accurately reflect the starved ribosome population.
297 citations
••
TL;DR: Young people with a chronic physical illness have higher levels of internalizing, externalizing and total behavior problems than healthy peers and call for regular screens for psychological distress and referrals for mental health services, when needed.
Abstract: Objective To examine the risk of emotional and behavioral problems among children with a chronic physical illness. Methods Random-effects meta-analysis was computed to integrate the results of 569 studies that used the Child Behavior Checklist, Youth Self Report, and the Teacher Report Form. Results Young people with a chronic physical illness have higher levels of internalizing (g ¼ .47 standard mean difference), externalizing (g ¼ .22) and total behavior problems (g ¼ .42) than healthy peers. The largest differences were found in parental ratings and the weakest differences in adolescent self-ratings. Strongest elevations of internalizing problems were found for chronic fatigue syndrome and strongest elevations of externalizing problems were observed for epilepsy and migraine/tension-type headache. Effects also varied by country and, in part, by age, gender, year of publication, and study design. Conclusions The results call for regular screens for psychological distress and referrals for mental health services, when needed.
296 citations
••
Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland1, University of Southern California2, University College London3, UCL Institute of Neurology4, Université libre de Bruxelles5, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital6, State University of Campinas7, University of Eastern Finland8, University of Florence9, St. George's University10, New York University11, National Research Council12, King's College London13, Ohio State University14, Xiamen University15, Greifswald University Hospital16, Cardiff University17, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg18, University of Liverpool19, University of Tübingen20, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health21, University of California, San Diego22, Boston Children's Hospital23, National Autonomous University of Mexico24, University of Bern25, Istituto Giannina Gaslini26, University Hospital of Wales27, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia28, University of Melbourne29, Royal Melbourne Hospital30, University of Marburg31, University Hospital Bonn32, University of Maryland, Baltimore County33, Medical College of Wisconsin34, Beaumont Hospital35, University of Maryland, Baltimore36, University of Cambridge37, University of Genoa38, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research39
TL;DR: In the largest neuroimaging study to date, Whelan and colleagues report robust structural alterations across and within epilepsy syndromes, including shared volume loss in the thalamus, and widespread cortical thickness differences.
Abstract: Progressive functional decline in the epilepsies is largely unexplained. We formed the ENIGMA-Epilepsy consortium to understand factors that influence brain measures in epilepsy, pooling data from 24 research centres in 14 countries across Europe, North and South America, Asia, and Australia. Structural brain measures were extracted from MRI brain scans across 2149 individuals with epilepsy, divided into four epilepsy subgroups including idiopathic generalized epilepsies (n =367), mesial temporal lobe epilepsies with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE; left, n = 415; right, n = 339), and all other epilepsies in aggregate (n = 1026), and compared to 1727 matched healthy controls. We ranked brain structures in order of greatest differences between patients and controls, by meta-analysing effect sizes across 16 subcortical and 68 cortical brain regions. We also tested effects of duration of disease, age at onset, and age-by-diagnosis interactions on structural measures. We observed widespread patterns of altered subcortical volume and reduced cortical grey matter thickness. Compared to controls, all epilepsy groups showed lower volume in the right thalamus (Cohen's d = -0.24 to -0.73; P < 1.49 × 10-4), and lower thickness in the precentral gyri bilaterally (d = -0.34 to -0.52; P < 4.31 × 10-6). Both MTLE subgroups showed profound volume reduction in the ipsilateral hippocampus (d = -1.73 to -1.91, P < 1.4 × 10-19), and lower thickness in extrahippocampal cortical regions, including the precentral and paracentral gyri, compared to controls (d = -0.36 to -0.52; P < 1.49 × 10-4). Thickness differences of the ipsilateral temporopolar, parahippocampal, entorhinal, and fusiform gyri, contralateral pars triangularis, and bilateral precuneus, superior frontal and caudal middle frontal gyri were observed in left, but not right, MTLE (d = -0.29 to -0.54; P < 1.49 × 10-4). Contrastingly, thickness differences of the ipsilateral pars opercularis, and contralateral transverse temporal gyrus, were observed in right, but not left, MTLE (d = -0.27 to -0.51; P < 1.49 × 10-4). Lower subcortical volume and cortical thickness associated with a longer duration of epilepsy in the all-epilepsies, all-other-epilepsies, and right MTLE groups (beta, b < -0.0018; P < 1.49 × 10-4). In the largest neuroimaging study of epilepsy to date, we provide information on the common epilepsies that could not be realistically acquired in any other way. Our study provides a robust ranking of brain measures that can be further targeted for study in genetic and neuropathological studies. This worldwide initiative identifies patterns of shared grey matter reduction across epilepsy syndromes, and distinctive abnormalities between epilepsy syndromes, which inform our understanding of epilepsy as a network disorder, and indicate that certain epilepsy syndromes involve more widespread structural compromise than previously assumed.
296 citations
Authors
Showing all 23488 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
John C. Morris | 183 | 1441 | 168413 |
Russel J. Reiter | 169 | 1646 | 121010 |
Martin J. Blaser | 147 | 820 | 104104 |
Christopher T. Walsh | 139 | 819 | 74314 |
Markus Cristinziani | 131 | 1140 | 84538 |
James C. Paulson | 126 | 443 | 52152 |
Markus F. Neurath | 124 | 934 | 62376 |
Nicholas W. Wood | 123 | 614 | 66270 |
Florian Lang | 116 | 1421 | 66496 |
Howard I. Maibach | 116 | 1821 | 60765 |
Thomas G. Ksiazek | 113 | 398 | 46108 |
Frank Glorius | 113 | 663 | 49305 |
Eberhard Ritz | 111 | 1109 | 61530 |
Manfred T. Reetz | 110 | 959 | 42941 |
Wolfgang H. Oertel | 110 | 653 | 51147 |