University of Maryland, Baltimore County

About: University of Maryland, Baltimore County is a education organization based out in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Aerosol. The organization has 8749 authors who have published 20843 publications receiving 795706 citations. The organization is also known as: UMBC.

Fermi Large Area Telescope Second Source Catalog

Abstract: We present the second catalog of high-energy γ-ray sources detected by the Large Area Telescope (LAT), the primary science instrument on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi), derived from data taken during the first 24 months of the science phase of the mission, which began on 2008 August 4. Source detection is based on the average flux over the 24 month period. The second Fermi-LAT catalog (2FGL) includes source location regions, defined in terms of elliptical fits to the 95% confidence regions and spectral fits in terms of power-law, exponentially cutoff power-law, or log-normal forms. Also included are flux measurements in five energy bands and light curves on monthly intervals for each source. Twelve sources in the catalog are modeled as spatially extended. We provide a detailed comparison of the results from this catalog with those from the first Fermi-LAT catalog (1FGL). Although the diffuse Galactic and isotropic models used in the 2FGL analysis are improved compared to the 1FGL catalog, we attach caution flags to 162 of the sources to indicate possible confusion with residual imperfections in the diffuse model. The 2FGL catalog contains 1873 sources detected and characterized in the 100 MeV to 100 GeV range of which we consider 127 as being firmly identified and 1171 as being reliably associated with counterparts of known or likely γ-ray-producing source classes.

The human-computer interaction handbook: fundamentals, evolving technologies and emerging applications

Abstract: Foreword by Ben Shneiderman Introduction: A Moving Target: The Evolution of Human-Computer Interaction, Jonathan Grudin Humans in HCI Perceptual-Motor Interaction: Some Implications for Human-Computer Interaction, Timothy N. Welsh, Sanjay Chandrasekharan, Matthew Ray, Heather Neyedli, Romeo Chua, and Daniel J. Weeks Human Information Processing: An Overview for Human-Computer Interaction, Robert W. Proctor and Kim-Phuong L. Vu Mental Models in Human-Computer Interaction, Stephen J. Payne Task Loading and Stress in Human-Computer Interaction: Theoretical Frameworks and Mitigation Strategies, James L. Szalma, Gabriella M. Hancock, and Peter A. Hancock Choices and Decisions of Computer Users, Anthony Jameson Computers in HCI Input Technologies and Techniques, Ken Hinckley and Daniel Wigdor Sensor- and Recognition-Based Input for Interaction, Andrew D. Wilson Visual Displays, Christopher M. Schlick, Carsten Winkelholz, Martina Ziefle, and Alexander Mertens Haptic Interface, Hiroo Iwata Nonspeech Auditory and Crossmodal Output, Eve Hoggan and Stephen Brewster Network-Based Interaction, Alan Dix Wearable Computers, Daniel Siewiorek, Asim Smailagic, and Thad Starner Design of Fixed, Portable, and Mobile Information Devices, Michael J. Smith and Pascale Carayon Designing Human-Computer Interactions Visual Design Principles for Usable Interfaces: Everything Is Designed: Why We Should Think before Doing, Suzanne Watzman and Margaret Re Globalization, Localization, and Cross-Cultural User-Interface Design, Aaron Marcus and Emilie W. Gould Speech and Language Interfaces, Applications, and Technologies, Clare-Marie Karat, Jennifer Lai, Osamuyimen Stewart, and Nicole Yankelovich Multimedia User Interface Design, Alistair Sutcliffe Multimodal Interfaces, Sharon Oviatt Systems That Adapt to Their Users, Anthony Jameson and Krzysztof Z. Gajos Mobile Interaction Design in the Age of Experience Ecosystems, Marco Susani Tangible User Interfaces, Hiroshi Ishii and Brygg Ullmer Achieving Psychological Simplicity: Measures and Methods to Reduce Cognitive Complexity, John C. Thomas and John T. Richards Information Visualization, Stuart Card Collaboration Technologies, Gary M. Olson and Judith S. Olson Human-Computer Interaction and the Web, Helen Ashman, Declan Dagger, Tim Brailsford, James Goulding, Declan O'Sullivan, Jan-Felix Schmakeit, and Vincent Wade Human-Centered Design of Decision-Support Systems, Philip J. Smith, Roger Beatty, Caroline C. Hayes, Adam Larson, Norman D. Geddes, and Michael C. Dorneich Online Communities, Panayiotis Zaphiris, Chee Siang Ang, and Andrew Laghos Virtual Environments, Kay M. Stanney and Joseph V. Cohn Privacy, Security, and Trust: Human-Computer Interaction Challenges and Opportunities at Their Intersection, John Karat, Clare-Marie Karat, and Carolyn Brodie Application-/Domain-Specific Design Human-Computer Interaction in Health Care, Francois Sainfort, Julie A. Jacko, Molly A. McClellan, and Paula J. Edwards Why We Play: Affect and the Fun of Games-Designing Emotions for Games, Entertainment Interfaces, and Interactive Products, Nicole Lazzaro Motor Vehicle-Driver Interfaces, Paul A. Green Human-Computer Interaction in Aerospace, Steven J. Landry User-Centered Design in Games Randy J. Pagulayan, Kevin Keeker, Thomas Fuller, Dennis Wixon, Ramon L. Romero, and Daniel V. Gunn Designing for Diversity Older Adults and Information Technology: Opportunities and Challenges, Sara J. Czaja, and Chin Chin Lee Human-Computer Interaction for Kids, Amy Bruckman, Alisa Bandlow, Jill Dimond, and Andrea Forte Information Technology for Communication and Cognitive Support, Alan F. Newell, Alex Carmichael, Peter Gregor, Norman Alm, Annalu Waller, Vicki L. Hanson, Graham Pullin, and Jesse Hoey Perceptual Impairments: New Advancements Promoting Technological Access, Julie A. Jacko, V. Kathlene Leonard, Molly A. McClellan, and Ingrid U. Scott Universal Accessibility and Low-Literacy Populations: Implications for Human-Computer Interaction Design and Research Methods, William M. Gribbons Computing Technologies for Deaf and Hard of Hearing Users, Vicki L. Hanson The Development Process Section A Requirements Specification User Experience Requirements Analysis within the Usability Engineering Lifecycle, Deborah J. Mayhew and Todd J. Follansbee Task Analysis, Catherine Courage, Jhilmil Jain, Janice (Ginny) Redish, and Dennis Wixon Contextual Design, Karen Holtzblatt Grounded Theory Method in Human-Computer Interaction and Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, Michael J. Muller and Sandra Kogan An Ethnographic Approach to Design, Jeanette Blomberg and Mark Burrell Section B Design and Development Putting Personas to Work: Employing User Personas to Focus Product Planning, Design, and Development, John Pruitt and Tamara Adlin Prototyping Tools and Techniques, Michel Beaudouin-Lafon and Wendy E. Mackay Scenario-Based Design, Mary Beth Rosson and John M. Carroll Participatory Design: The Third Space in Human-Computer Interaction, Michael J. Muller and Allison Druin Unified User Interface Development: A Software Refactoring Perspective, Anthony Savidis and Constantine Stephanidis Usability + Persuasiveness + Graphic Design = eCommerce User Experience, Deborah J. Mayhew Human-Computer Interaction and Software Engineering for User Interface Plasticity, Joelle Coutaz and Gaelle Calvary Section C Testing, Evaluation, and Technology Transfer Usability Testing, Joseph S. Dumas and Jean E. Fox Usability for Engaged Users: The Naturalistic Approach to Evaluation, David Siegel Survey Design and Implementation in HCI, A. Ant Ozok Inspection-Based Evaluations, Gilbert Cockton, Alan Woolrych, Kasper Hornbaek, and Erik Frokjaer Model-Based Evaluation, David Kieras Spreadsheet Tool for Simple Cost-Benefit Analyses of User Experience Engineering, Deborah J. Mayhew Technology Transfer, Kevin M. Schofield Emerging Phenomena in HCI Augmenting Cognition in HCI: Twenty-First Century Adaptive System Science and Technology, Kelly S. Hale, Kay M. Stanney, and Dylan D. Schmorrow Social Networks and Social Media, Molly A. McClellan, Julie A. Jacko, Francois Sainfort, and Layne M. Johnson Human-Computer Interaction for Development: Changing Human-Computer Interaction to Change the World, Susan M. Dray, Ann Light, Andrew M. Dearden, Vanessa Evers, Melissa Densmore, Divya Ramachandran, Matthew Kam, Gary Marsden, Nithya Sambasivan, Thomas Smyth, Darelle van Greunen, and Niall Winters Author Index Subject Index

Direct Marketing, Indirect Profits: A Strategic Analysis of Dual-Channel Supply-Chain Design

Abstract: The advent of e-commerce has prompted many manufacturers to redesign their traditional channel structures by engaging in direct sales. The model conceptualizes the impact of customer acceptance of a direct channel, the degree to which customers accept a direct channel as a substitute for shopping at a traditional store, on supply-chain design. The customer acceptance of a direct channel can be strong enough that an indepent manufacturer would open a direct channel to compete with its own retailers. Here, direct marketing is used for strategic channel control purposes even though it is inefficient on its own and, surprisingly, it can profit the manufacturer even when so direct sales occur. Specifically, we construct a price-setting game between a manufacturer and its independent retailer. Direct marketing, which indirectly increases the flow of profits through the retail channel, helps the manufacturer improve overall profitability by reducing the degree of inefficient price double marginalization. While operated by the manufacturer to constrain the retailer's pricing behavior, the direct channel may not always be detrimental to the retailer because it will be accompanied by a wholesale price reduction. This combination of manufacturer pull and push can benefit the retailer in equilibrium. Finally, we show that the mere threat of introducing the direct channel can increase the manufacturer's negotiated share of cooperative profits even if price efficiency is obtained by using other business practices.

KQML as an agent communication language

Abstract: This paper describes the design of and experimentation with the Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language (KQML), a new language and protocol for exchanging information and knowledge. This work is part of a larger effort, the ARPA Knowledge Sharing Effort which is aimed at developing techniques and methodology for building large-scale knowledge bases which are sharable and reusable. KQML is both a message format and a message-handling protocol to support run-time knowledge sharing among agents. KQML focuses on an extensible set of performatives, which defines the permissible “speech acts” agents may use and comprise a substrate on which to develop higher-level models of interagent interaction such as contract nets and negotiation. In addition, KQML provides a basic architecture for knowledge sharing through a special class of agent called communication facilitors which coordinate the interactions of other agents. The ideas which underlie the evolving design of KQML are currently being explored through experimental prototype systems which are being used to support several testbeds in such areas as concurrent engineering, intelligent design and intelligent planning and scheduling.