Showing papers by "University of Massachusetts Boston published in 1982"
181 citations
TL;DR: In this article, aqueous cyclooctaamylose (8-Cy) was determined at 15-45°C by pH potentiometry and the enthalpies and entropies of dissociation were derived from the temperature dependences of these p K a's.
57 citations
55 citations
01 Feb 1982
TL;DR: The incidence of planktotrophic development in prosobranch snails increases with depth seaward of the continental shelf in the western North Atlantic as mentioned in this paper, which may result from both stronger selection for dispersal ability to track patchy prey resources and relaxed restrictions on dispersal with increasing depth.
Abstract: The incidence of planktotrophic development in prosobranch snails increases with depth seaward of the continental shelf in the western North Atlantic. This pattern may result from both stronger selection for dispersal ability to track patchy prey resources and relaxed restrictions on dispersal with increasing depth.
53 citations
TL;DR: A study on the sexual dimorphism in Aralia nudicaulis L. (Araliaceae), a dioecious, herbaceous perennial, widely distributed in the temperate forests of North America, has some unique features that allow novel studies dealing with growth and reproduction.
Abstract: Sexual differences in vegetative and reproductive features have been reported for many dioecious plants (Lloyd and Myall, 1976; Lloyd and Webb, 1977; Opler and Bawa, 1978; Grant and Mitton, 1979j Webb, 1979; Bawa, 1980; Bullock and Bawa, 1981; and others). In general, the male plants have been shown to grow faster, flower more frequently, and live longer than the female plants in perennial species (Lloyd and Webb, 1977, and references therein). Lloyd (1973) first suggested that the greater mortality of the female sex due to the higher cost of reproduction may cause the male bias in sex ratios commonly observed in perennial plants. Opler and Bawa (1978) argued that male-biased sex ratios could also result from the shorter juvenile period and the greater propensity of male plants to flower more frequently. A major difficulty in assessing the impact of differences between sexes in growth and reproduction on sex ratio is that the existence of sex-related differences has been inferred from scattered observations of different characters in different species rather than comprehensive studies of sexual dimorphism in a particular species (Lloyd and Webb, 1977). This paper reports the results of a study on the sexual dimorphism in Aralia nudicaulis L. (Araliaceae), a dioecious, herbaceous perennial, widely distributed in the temperate forests of North America. Aralia nudicaulis has some unique features that allow novel studies dealing with growth and reproduction. It may be described as a rhizomatous or stoloniferous perennial, the extended slender under-
45 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a methodology for investigating Yurok Indian women's attitudes towards menstruation and the ritual observances surrounding it is presented. But the specific ethnographic case to which this methodology is applied, viewed in light of current biological research, generates general hypotheses for testing in viable hunter-gatherer societies.
Abstract: Consideration of Yurok Indian women's attitudes towards menstruation and of the ritual observances surrounding it enhance our understanding of the position of women in Yurok society and of the aboriginal role of menstruation in the temporal structuring of village life. This paper exemplifies a methodology for investigating this and other topics incompletely reported in received ethnographies of now much-changed cultures. The specific ethnographic case to which this methodology is applied, viewed in light of current biological research, generates general hypotheses for testing in viable hunter-gatherer societies, [gender, menstruation, methodology, time, Yurok Indians]
41 citations
TL;DR: During sclerotization of puparial proteins, tyrosine, lysine, and histidine were converted to highly basic aromatic metabolites, consistent with a crosslinking mechanism favoring covalent bonding between protein chains.
Abstract: During sclerotization of puparial proteins, tyrosine, lysine, and histidine were converted to highly basic aromatic metabolites. Peptides generated from the sclerotized cuticle with N-bromosuccinimide included the basic derivatives among the hydrolysis products. The absorbance maxima of the aromatic metabolites were 25 nm lower than those of the conventional tyrosyl peptides, with phenolic character poorly expressed or absent. Post-translational modification of the structural proteins preceded visual expression of tanning because aromatic conjugates also were present prior to pupariation. These results are consistent with a crosslinking mechanism favoring covalent bonding between protein chains.
39 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors trace the history and effects of middle-class involvement in the public elementary school of a gentrifying inner-city neighborhood in New York City and find that the school's middleclass children were more successful than their poor and working-class peers.
Abstract: Recent ethnography of minority and working-class schooling has shown how wider structural factors like class stratification, poverty, and racism influence observable patterns of failure and under achievement in the classroom. In contrast, ethnography in middle-class schools and classrooms has not seriously probed similar structural bases of middle-class children's success, instead attributing this success to a presumed equivalence between the “middle-class culture” of the children's homes and the culture of the school and its staff.This study traces the history and effects of middle-class involvement in the public elementary school of a gentrifying inner-city neighborhood in New York City. Segregated into their special classrooms with distinctive curriculum and organization, the school's middle-class children were more successful than their poor and working-class peers. Their success was not the result, in Bourdieu's terms, of the “cultural capital” afforded by their middle-class upbringing. The school st...
33 citations
TL;DR: A simple and highly sensitive column chromatographic method based on specific chelation of o -dihydroxyphenols to dihydroxyboryl cellulose has been developed for quantitative isolation and concentration of catecholic substances from biological samples.
30 citations
TL;DR: The connectivities of five monopolar cells within the ventral cartridge of the lamina of the dragonfly Sympetrum have been analysed from serial electron microscopy and their morphologies confirmed from Golgi-electron microscopy.
Abstract: The connectivities of five monopolar cells, M I-M V, within the ventral cartridge of the lamina of the dragonfly Sympetrum have been analysed from serial electron microscopy and their morphologies confirmed from Golgi-electron microscopy. The results of synaptic analyses are presented from a single cartridge photographed in its entirety in one series of transverse sections through the complete depth of the lamina and corroborated from shorter series of sections of additional cartridges. Each monopolar cell is defined by and identified from the location of its soma and the characteristic position of its axon in the cartridge cross section. M I and M II are two axial monopolar cells with large-calibre axons, while axons of M III-M V are slender and occupy polar positions, M III and M IV next to M I, M V next to the long visual fibres R 6 and R 7. M I and M II contribute postsynaptically at the triad synapses of all six retinular terminals, M I contributing exclusively at its dendrites, which number about 50 % more than those of M II. The distribution of M I and M II dendrites in general reflects the geometry and extent of synaptic engagement with the surrounding retinular terminals. In addition M II is postsynaptic at synapses of the long visual fibres R 6 and R 7, thus receiving a comprehensive and exclusive receptor input; it is only postsynaptic in the lamina. M I, on the other hand, forms an output back upon certain of its retinular inputs and upon M IV. M III too forms an important output upon M IV and it receives a selective retinular input from R 1 at synapses that are the focus of an unexpected asymmetry within the cartridge. M V, like M III, receives a selective retinular input (from R 7) while M IV receives its retinular input only indirectly, from both M I and M III. M IV and M V, like M II, have no output within the lamina. Finally, all monopolar cells excluding M II receive input from an unidentified cell type or types, called a, an input that for M I and M III is reciprocal. To judge from the diversity of their synaptic configurations, the numbers of their dendrites and probably the numbers of their synapses too, the monopolar cells form a sequence in ascending richness M V -M I. Definite parallels exist between, respectively, M I and M II of Sympetrum and L 2 and L 1 of Musca and Apis and between M III of Sympetrum and L 3 of Apis ,but further homologies are unclear
27 citations
TL;DR: Observations of pollinator behaviour indicate that butterflies frequently move to another plant after visiting one inflorescence, Thus there is a large degree of outcrossing in practice.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the moral philosophies of Kant and Hegel who exemplify different versions of a general orientation within moral philosophy which they call "moral rationalism" for the moral rationalist reason and rationality are at the center of the conception of the good or moral man (and I use the word'man' here intentionally).
Abstract: Moral philosophy has conceived of its task in many different ways throughout its history. One of these has been to articulate qualities of character, or Virtues/ which the morally good or morally admirable person will possess. This paper is a first step in an attempt to work out a feminist perspective on this aspect of moral philosophy and its history. I will focus on the moral philosophies of Kant and Hegel who exemplify different versions of a general orientation within moral philosophy which I call 'moral rationalism/ For the moral rationalist reason and rationality are at the center of the conception of the good or moral man (and I use the word 'man' here intentionally). The defining qualities of the morally admirable man include most of the following: rationality, self-control, strength of
TL;DR: In this paper, Yang's biradical and p-phenylenebis-bis-galvinoxyl were used to detect hyperfine shifted 1H and 13 C labelled biradicals with excellent signal-to-noise ratios.
Book•
01 Jan 1982TL;DR: The authors analyzes several patterns of persistence and change in intergroup relations in the United States and Western Europe and analyzes these relationships in terms of competing theories of discrimination in the marketplace.
Abstract: This paper analyzes several patterns of persistence and change in intergroup relations in the United States and Western Europe. I advance six propositions as a framework for understanding certain specific relationships between dominant and subordinate groups. As well, I assess these relationships in terms of competing theories of discrimination in the marketplace. A review of the history and gains of the U.S. civil rights movement illustrates the diverse forces which affect relations between dominant and minority groups. I argue that both progress and retrogression have marked efforts to achieve racial equality in the United States in recent years. A forecast is also made of an impending crisis in intergroup relations based upon evidence of the resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan, the hardening of racial attitudes, conflict between minority groups, and the mistreatment of immigrant groups.
TL;DR: The Lagrange Remainder of the Taylor Formula has been studied extensively in the literature, see as discussed by the authors for an overview. But the Lagrange remainder is not a Taylor formula.
Abstract: (1982). On the Lagrange Remainder of the Taylor Formula. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 89, No. 5, pp. 311-312.
TL;DR: An overall disruption in extinction was found in the adult lesioned groups, although there was some evidence of response prevention and delay equivalency in the medial adults and the lesioned pups.
TL;DR: The Nesting biology of the social wasp Microstigmus comes (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae, Pemphredoninae).
Abstract: GAL, A. E. 1968. An improved method for the detection and radioassay of monosaccharides on thin-layer or paper chromatograms. J. Chromatography 34:266-268. HUNT, J. H. 1982. Trophallaxis and the evolution of eusocial hymenoptera, p. 201-205. In M. D. Breed, C. D. Michener and H. E. Evans (eds.), The Biology of Social Insects. Westview Press, Boulder. ISHAY, J., AND R. IKAN. 1968. Food exchange between adults and larvae in Vespa orientalis F. Anim. Behav. 16:298-303. JEANNE, R. L. 1980. Evolution of social behavior in the Vespidae. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 25:371-396. MARCHAL, P. 1897. La castration nutriciale chez les Hymenopteres sociaux. Comptes Rendus Soc. Biol. Paris 1897:556-557. MASCHWITZ, U. 1966. Das Speichelsekret der Wespenlarven und seine biologische Bedentung. Z. Verg. Physiol. 53:228-252. MATTHEWS, R. W. 1968a. Microstigmus comes: sociality in a sphecid wasp. Science 160:787-788. 1968b. Nesting biology of the social wasp Microstigmus comes (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae, Pemphredoninae). Psyche 75:23-45. MONTAGNER, H. 1963. Etude preliminaire des relations entre les adultes et le couvain chez les guepes sociales du genre Vespa, au moyen d'un radio-isotope. Insectes Sociaux 10:153-165. 1964. Etude du comportement alimentaire et des relations trophallactiques des males au sein de la societe de guepes, au moyen d'un radioisotope. Insectes Sociaux 11:301-316. MORIMOTO, R. 1960. Experimental study on the
TL;DR: A critique of the conservative economics that became ascendent at the beginning of the 1980s can be found in this article, where the authors examine the conservatives' inability to agree upon an approach to the macroeconomic issues of inflation and unemployment.
TL;DR: Claims made from the structural viewpoint are examined, and it is argued that the data are not credible.
Abstract: Structural and contextual constraints on coordination in child speech are discussed. An elicited production study with English- and Japanese-speaking children in which these constraints were manipulated is reported. Results show referential context to be an important determinant of conjunction structure. In addition, structural parameters also influenced the extent to which redundancy is expressed in utterances. A preliminary model of coordination production based on a conjunction rule is proposed.
TL;DR: In this article, all ℂ-analytic spaces considered here are assumed to be non compact, countable at infinity and of bounded Zariski dimension, unless the contrary is explicitly stated.
Abstract: Unless the contrary is explicitly stated, allℂ-analytic spaces considered here are assumed to be non compact, countable at infinity and of bounded Zariski dimension.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the application of stochastic ordering rules to waiting time distributions in single server queues and showed that these rules can be useful to the system designer when analysing queueing systems.
Abstract: The appiicalion of stochastic ordering rules to waiting time distributions in single server queues is examined Rules of this type can prove useful to the systems designer when analysing queueing systems Systems can be compared in terms of average wailing (or system) time, in terms of the stochastic dominance of the waiting (or system) time distribution or in terms of the dominance of some other stochastic parameter characteristic of thesystem Such rules are particularly important when one musi deal with non-linear waiting cost functions