Institution
University of Massachusetts Boston
Education•Boston, Massachusetts, United States•
About: University of Massachusetts Boston is a education organization based out in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 6541 authors who have published 12918 publications receiving 411731 citations. The organization is also known as: UMass Boston.
Topics: Population, Health care, Poison control, Mental health, Higher education
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, a Neo-Gramscian theoretical framework for corporate political strategy is developed drawing from Gramsci's analysis of the relations among capital, social forces, and the state, and from more contemporary theories.
Abstract: A neo-Gramscian theoretical framework for corporate political strategy is developed drawing from Gramsci's analysis of the relations among capital, social forces, and the state, and from more contemporary theories. Gramsci's political theory recognizes the centrality of organizations and strategy, directs attention to the organizational, economic, and ideological pillars of power, while illuminating the processes of coalition building, conflict, and accommodation that drive social change. This approach addresses the structure-agency relationship and endogenous dynamics in a way that could enrich institutional theory. The framework suggests a strategic concept of power, which provides space for contestation by subordinate groups in complex dynamic social systems. We apply the framework to analyse the international negotiations to control emissions of greenhouse gases, focusing on the responses of firms in the US and European oil and automobile industries. The neo- Gramscian framework explains some specific features of corporate responses to challenges to their hegemonic position and points to the importance of political struggles within civil society The analysis suggests that the conventional demarcation between market and non-market strategies is untenable, given the embeddedness of markets in contested social and political structures and the political character of strategies directed toward defending and enhancing markets, technologies, corporate autonomy and legitimacy.
504 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that species-rich communities maintained multiple functions at higher levels than depauperate ones, and the overall effect of biodiversity on multifunctionality grew stronger as more functions were considered.
Abstract: The importance of biodiversity for the integrated functioning of ecosystems remains unclear because most evidence comes from analyses of biodiversity's effect on individual functions. Here we show that the effects of biodiversity on ecosystem function become more important as more functions are considered. We present the first systematic investigation of biodiversity's effect on ecosystem multifunctionality across multiple taxa, trophic levels and habitats using a comprehensive database of 94 manipulations of species richness. We show that species-rich communities maintained multiple functions at higher levels than depauperate ones. These effects were stronger for herbivore biodiversity than for plant biodiversity, and were remarkably consistent across aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Despite observed tradeoffs, the overall effect of biodiversity on multifunctionality grew stronger as more functions were considered. These results indicate that prior research has underestimated the importance of biodiversity for ecosystem functioning by focusing on individual functions and taxonomic groups.
502 citations
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TL;DR: This article examined four possible models of the causal relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment in models of employee turnover: satisfaction precedes commitment, commitment precedes satisfaction, satisfaction and commitment have a reciprocal relationship, and commitment and satisfaction have no significant relationship.
500 citations
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TL;DR: The biochemistry and molecular biology of melanogenesis in mammals and insects are significantly different and the advantages of generating different eumelanin pigments and intermediates by the insects are discussed.
Abstract: The phenolic biopolymer eumelanin is an important skin pigment found throughout the animal kingdom. The enzyme, tyrosinase, initiates melanogenesis in mammals. The biogenesis is assisted by a number of mammalian protein factors including dopachrome tautomerase and 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylate oxidase. Invertebrates, such as insects, employ phenoloxidase and dopachrome (decarboxylating) isomerase for melanin biosynthesis. Recently generated molecular biological and biochemical data indicate that tyrosinase and phenoloxidase are distinctly different enzymes in spite of possessing both monophenol monooxygenase activity as well as o-diphenoloxidase activity. Similarly, insect dopachrome isomerase also differs significantly from its mammalian counterpart in several of its properties including the nature of the enzymatic reaction. In addition, there are considerable differences in the eumelanogenic pathways of these two animal groups that include the utility of substrates, use of dihydroxyindoles and the nature of eumelanin pigment. Thus, the biochemistry and molecular biology of melanogenesis in mammals and insects are significantly different. The advantages of generating different eumelanin pigments and intermediates by the insects are discussed.
497 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the Self Model is proposed, starting from the assumption that moral reasons are functionally related to action, and it uses the self as the central explanatory concept, establishing both the sense of personal responsibility and the dynamism of selfconsistency.
494 citations
Authors
Showing all 6667 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Derek R. Lovley | 168 | 582 | 95315 |
Wei Li | 158 | 1855 | 124748 |
Susan E. Hankinson | 151 | 789 | 88297 |
Roger J. Davis | 147 | 498 | 103478 |
Thomas P. Russell | 141 | 1012 | 80055 |
George Alverson | 140 | 1653 | 105074 |
Robert H. Brown | 136 | 1174 | 79247 |
C. Dallapiccola | 136 | 1717 | 101947 |
Paul T. Costa | 133 | 406 | 88454 |
Robert R. McCrae | 132 | 313 | 90960 |
David Julian McClements | 131 | 1137 | 71123 |
Mauro Giavalisco | 128 | 412 | 69967 |
Benjamin Brau | 128 | 971 | 72704 |
Douglas T. Golenbock | 123 | 317 | 61267 |
Zhifeng Ren | 122 | 695 | 71212 |