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Institution

University of Massachusetts Boston

EducationBoston, Massachusetts, United States
About: University of Massachusetts Boston is a education organization based out in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 6541 authors who have published 12918 publications receiving 411731 citations. The organization is also known as: UMass Boston.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors characterized developmental outcomes of a large sample of siblings at familial high-risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), who themselves did not have ASD, and low-risk controls with no family history of ASD.
Abstract: We characterized developmental outcomes of a large sample of siblings at familial high-risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), who themselves did not have ASD (n = 859), and low-risk controls with no family history of ASD (n = 473). We report outcomes at age 3 years using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning, the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) and adaptive functioning on the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales. Around 11% of high-risk siblings had mild-to-moderate levels of developmental delay, a rate higher than the low-risk controls. The groups did not differ in the proportion of toddlers with mild-to-moderate language delay. Thirty percent of high-risk siblings had elevated scores on the ADOS, double the rate seen in the low-risk controls. High-risk siblings also had higher parent reported levels of ASD symptoms on the ADI-R and lower adaptive functioning on the Vineland. Males were more likely to show higher levels of ASD symptoms and lower levels of developmental ability and adaptive behavior than females across most measures but not mild-to-moderate language delay. Lower maternal education was associated with lower developmental and adaptive behavior outcomes. These findings are evidence for early emerging characteristics related to the "broader autism phenotype" (BAP) previously described in older family members of individuals with ASD. There is a need for ongoing clinical monitoring of high-risk siblings who do not have an ASD by age 3 years, as well as continued follow-up into school age to determine their developmental and behavioral outcomes. Autism Res 2017, 10: 169-178. © 2016 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

109 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This digest aims to provide an overview of recent advances in sulfonamide-based bioactive compounds, their importance in drug discovery and development emphasizing multi-target approaches for complex diseases, and their novel contribution to contemporary medicinal chemistry.

109 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the converse is shown to be true if U does not contain certain Type II 1 factors as direct summands, which is the case when U is abelian and weakly closed.

109 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article used Acker's theory of gendered institutions to provide a historical review of women's experiences in law enforcement, including coping and adaptation strategies in the gendered institution of policing.
Abstract: Men are disproportionately represented in many institutions including law, politics, the academy, and the economy. Women have made great strides in increasing representation in many of these professions with the exception of policing; where police departments have had difficulty hiring, retaining, and promoting female officers. The available literature on women in policing, however, is largely atheoretical and does not thoroughly address advancement barriers and the retention of women. To address this gap in the literature, this article utilizes Acker’s theory of gendered institutions to provide a historical review of women’s experiences in law enforcement. Acker’s four gendered processes are used to organize the existing literature regarding women’s experiences as well as coping and adaptation strategies in the gendered institution of policing. Finally, implications are explored and an agenda for future research is discussed.

109 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that glucocorticoid stress hormones, acting through their receptors, regulate the expression of mitochondrial genes in the brain and demonstrate a direct molecular linkage between stress and mitochondrial function.
Abstract: Glucocorticoids (GCs) are involved in stress and circadian regulation, and produce many actions via the GC receptor (GR), which is classically understood to function as a nuclear transcription factor. However, the nuclear genome is not the only genome in eukaryotic cells. The mitochondria also contain a small circular genome, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), that encodes 13 polypeptides. Recent work has established that, in the brain and other systems, the GR is translocated from the cytosol to the mitochondria and that stress and corticosteroids have a direct influence on mtDNA transcription and mitochondrial physiology. To determine if stress affects mitochondrially transcribed mRNA (mtRNA) expression, we exposed adult male rats to both acute and chronic immobilization stress and examined mtRNA expression using quantitative RT-PCR. We found that acute stress had a main effect on mtRNA expression and that expression of NADH dehydrogenase 1, 3, and 6 (ND-1, ND-3, ND-6) and ATP synthase 6 (ATP-6) genes was significantly down-regulated. Chronic stress induced a significant up-regulation of ND-6 expression. Adrenalectomy abolished acute stress-induced mtRNA regulation, demonstrating GC dependence. ChIP sequencing of GR showed that corticosterone treatment induced a dose-dependent association of the GR with the control region of the mitochondrial genome. These findings demonstrate GR and stress-dependent transcriptional regulation of the mitochondrial genome in vivo and are consistent with previous work linking stress and GCs with changes in the function of brain mitochondria.

108 citations


Authors

Showing all 6667 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Derek R. Lovley16858295315
Wei Li1581855124748
Susan E. Hankinson15178988297
Roger J. Davis147498103478
Thomas P. Russell141101280055
George Alverson1401653105074
Robert H. Brown136117479247
C. Dallapiccola1361717101947
Paul T. Costa13340688454
Robert R. McCrae13231390960
David Julian McClements131113771123
Mauro Giavalisco12841269967
Benjamin Brau12897172704
Douglas T. Golenbock12331761267
Zhifeng Ren12269571212
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202367
2022131
2021833
2020851
2019823
2018776