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Institution

University of Massachusetts Boston

EducationBoston, Massachusetts, United States
About: University of Massachusetts Boston is a education organization based out in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 6541 authors who have published 12918 publications receiving 411731 citations. The organization is also known as: UMass Boston.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Multinomial logistic regression shows further that physiognomy, ethnic identity, and race of coresident parent(s) are significantly associated with reported race.
Abstract: This paper categorizes multiracial youth (N=1,496) ages 14 to 19 and compares them with each other and with monoracial youth on identity development measures. The multiracial categories used here are derived from youths' reports of their own and their parents' race(s). Comparisons are made within groups of multiracial respondents who make different choices among single-race categories. Results show differences between subgroups in strength and importance of ethnic identity, self-esteem, and perceptions of ethnic discrimination. Multinomial logistic regression shows further that physiognomy, ethnic identity, and race of coresident parent(s) are significantly associated with reported race. Also related to racial identification among part-Hispanic youth are the racial distribution and socioeconomic status of their neighborhoods and the racial distributions of their schools.

247 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a gridded, global-scale water balance model to estimate interannual variability in global irrigation water demand arising from climate data sets and uncertainties arising from agricultural and climate data.
Abstract: [1] Agricultural water use accounts for around 70% of the total water that is withdrawn from surface water and groundwater. We use a new, gridded, global-scale water balance model to estimate interannual variability in global irrigation water demand arising from climate data sets and uncertainties arising from agricultural and climate data sets. We used contemporary maps of irrigation and crop distribution, and so do not account for variability or trends in irrigation area or cropping. We used two different global maps of irrigation and two different reconstructions of daily weather 1963–2002. Simulated global irrigation water demand varied by ∼30%, depending on irrigation map or weather data. The combined effect of irrigation map and weather data generated a global irrigation water use range of 2200 to 3800 km3 a−1. Weather driven variability in global irrigation was generally less than ±300 km3 a−1, globally (<∼10%), but could be as large as ±70% at the national scale.

246 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Georges Aad1, Brad Abbott2, Jalal Abdallah3, Ovsat Abdinov4  +2851 moreInstitutions (208)
TL;DR: The results suggest that the ridge in pp collisions arises from the same or similar underlying physics as observed in p+Pb collisions, and that the dynamics responsible for the ridge has no strong sqrt[s] dependence.
Abstract: ATLAS has measured two-particle correlations as a function of relative azimuthal-angle, $\Delta \phi$, and pseudorapidity, $\Delta \eta$, in $\sqrt{s}$=13 and 2.76 TeV $pp$ collisions at the LHC using charged particles measured in the pseudorapidity interval $|\eta|$<2.5. The correlation functions evaluated in different intervals of measured charged-particle multiplicity show a multiplicity-dependent enhancement at $\Delta \phi \sim 0$ that extends over a wide range of $\Delta\eta$, which has been referred to as the "ridge". Per-trigger-particle yields, $Y(\Delta \phi)$, are measured over 2<$|\Delta\eta|$<5. For both collision energies, the $Y(\Delta \phi)$ distribution in all multiplicity intervals is found to be consistent with a linear combination of the per-trigger-particle yields measured in collisions with less than 20 reconstructed tracks, and a constant combinatoric contribution modulated by $\cos{(2\Delta \phi)}$. The fitted Fourier coefficient, $v_{2,2}$, exhibits factorization, suggesting that the ridge results from per-event $\cos{(2\phi)}$ modulation of the single-particle distribution with Fourier coefficients $v_2$. The $v_2$ values are presented as a function of multiplicity and transverse momentum. They are found to be approximately constant as a function of multiplicity and to have a $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ dependence similar to that measured in $p$+Pb and Pb+Pb collisions. The $v_2$ values in the 13 and 2.76 TeV data are consistent within uncertainties. These results suggest that the ridge in $pp$ collisions arises from the same or similar underlying physics as observed in $p$+Pb collisions, and that the dynamics responsible for the ridge has no strong $\sqrt{s}$ dependence.

246 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The mixed-methods approach sheds light on the cumulative developmental challenges that immigrant students face as they adjust to their new educational settings.
Abstract: Immigration to the United States presents both challenges and opportunities that affect students' academic achievement. Using a 5-year longitudinal, mixed-methods approach, we identified varying academic trajectories of newcomer immigrant students from Central America, China, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, and Mexico. Latent class growth curve analysis revealed that although some newcomer students performed at high or improving levels over time, others showed diminishing performance. Multinomial logistic regressions identified significant group differences in academic trajectories, particularly between the high-achieving youth and the other groups. In keeping with ecological-developmental and stage-environment fit theories, School Characteristics (school segregation rate, school poverty rate, and student perceptions of school violence), Family Characteristics (maternal education, parental employment, and household structure), and Individual Characteristics (academic English proficiency, academic engagement, psychological symptoms, gender, and 2 age-related risk factors, number of school transitions and being overaged for grade placement) were associated with different trajectories of academic performance. A series of case studies triangulate many of the quantitative findings as well as illuminate patterns that were not detected in the quantitative data. Thus, the mixed-methods approach sheds light on the cumulative developmental challenges that immigrant students face as they adjust to their new educational settings.

243 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The human visual system is faced with the computationally difficult problem of achieving object constancy: identifying three-dimensional objects via two-dimensional retinal images that may be altered when the same object is seen from different viewpoints.
Abstract: The human visual system is faced with the computationally difficult problem of achieving object constancy: identifying three-dimensional (3D) objects via two-dimensional (2D) retinal images that may be altered when the same object is seen from different viewpoints1 A widely accepted class of theories holds that we first reconstruct a description of the object's 3D structure from the retinal image, then match this representation to a remembered structural description If the same structural description is reconstructed from every possible view of an object, object constancy will be obtained For example, in Biederman's2 oft-cited recognition-by-components (RBC) theory, structural descriptions are composed of sets of simple 3D volumes called geons (Fig 1), along with the spatial relations in which the geons are placed Thus a mug is represented in RBC as a noodle attached to the side of a cylinder, and a suitcase as a noodle attached to the top of a brick The attraction of geons is that, unlike more complex objects, they possess a small set of defining properties that appear in their 2D projections when viewed from almost any position (eg, all three views of the brick in Fig 1 include a straight main axis, parallel edges, and a straight cross section) According to the RBC theory, a complex object can therefore be recognized from its constituent geons, which can themselves be recognized from any viewpoint

243 citations


Authors

Showing all 6667 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Derek R. Lovley16858295315
Wei Li1581855124748
Susan E. Hankinson15178988297
Roger J. Davis147498103478
Thomas P. Russell141101280055
George Alverson1401653105074
Robert H. Brown136117479247
C. Dallapiccola1361717101947
Paul T. Costa13340688454
Robert R. McCrae13231390960
David Julian McClements131113771123
Mauro Giavalisco12841269967
Benjamin Brau12897172704
Douglas T. Golenbock12331761267
Zhifeng Ren12269571212
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202367
2022131
2021833
2020851
2019823
2018776