University of Massachusetts Boston

About: University of Massachusetts Boston is a education organization based out in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 6541 authors who have published 12918 publications receiving 411731 citations. The organization is also known as: UMass Boston.

How the Indians Lost Their Land: Law and Power on the Frontier

Abstract: Between the early 17th Century and the early 20th, nearly all the land in the United States was transferred from American Indians to whites. This dramatic transformation has been understood in two very different ways - as a series of consensual transactions, but also as a process of violent conquest. Both views cannot be correct. How did Indians actually lose their land?

Non-invasive optical measurement of blood hematocrit

Abstract: The invention provides an optical method and apparatus for non-invasively determining blood hematocrit. The method includes the step of first irradiating blood with optical radiation. Radiation reflected or transmitted from the blood is then collected to determine an optical spectrum. Hematocrit is then determined by comparing this spectrum to a mathematical model relating optical properties to blood Hematocrit.

Consecutive multicomponent reactions for the synthesis of complex molecules.

Abstract: Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) involving a minimum of three reactants or reaction centers are conducted in one pot and with a single operational step This synthetic method has a good pot, atom and step economy in the preparation of diverse and complex molecular scaffolds Consecutive MCRs, also known as sequential or multiple MCRs, by combining two or more MCRs, exhibit even higher synthetic efficiency, product structural diversity, and molecular complexity This review article highlights the Ugi, Groebke-Blackburn-Bienayme, Biginelli, Huisgen, Petasis, Gewald, and Asinger reaction-initiated consecutive MCRs

Interactive responses of old-field plant growth and composition to warming and precipitation

Abstract: As Earth’s atmosphere accumulates carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases, Earth’s climate is expected to warm and precipitation patterns will likely change. The manner in which terrestrial ecosystems respond to climatic changes will in turn affect the rate of climate change. Here we describe responses of an old-field herbaceous community to a factorial combination of four levels of warming (up to 4 °C) and three precipitation regimes (drought, ambient and rain addition) over 2 years. Warming suppressed total production, shoot production, and species richness, but only in the drought treatment. Root production did not respond to warming, but drought stimulated the growth of deeper (> 10 cm) roots by 121% in 1 year. Warming and precipitation treatments both affected functional group composition, with C4 grasses and other annual and biennial species entering the C3 perennial-dominated community in ambient rainfall and rain addition treatments as well as in warmed treatments. Our results suggest that, in this mesic system, expected changes in temperature or large changes in precipitation alone can alter functional composition, but they have little effect on total herbaceous plant growth. However, drought limits the capacity of the entire system to withstand warming. The relative insensitivity of our study system to climate suggests that the herbaceous component of old-field communities will not dramatically increase production in response to warming or precipitation change, and so it is unlikely to provide either substantial increases in forage production or a meaningful negative feedback to climate change later this century.