University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey

About: University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 14634 authors who have published 19610 publications receiving 1041794 citations.

Autophagy suppresses tumor progression by limiting chromosomal instability

Abstract: Autophagy is a bulk degradation process that promotes survival under metabolic stress, but it can also be a means of cell death if executed to completion. Monoallelic loss of the essential autophagy gene beclin1 causes susceptibility to metabolic stress, but also promotes tumorigenesis. This raises the paradox that the loss of a survival pathway enhances tumor growth, where the exact mechanism is not known. Here, we show that compromised autophagy promoted chromosome instability. Failure to sustain metabolism through autophagy was associated with increased DNA damage, gene amplification, and aneuploidy, and this genomic instability may promote tumorigenesis. Thus, autophagy maintains metabolism and survival during metabolic stress that serves to protect the genome, providing an explanation for how the loss of a survival pathway leads to tumor progression. Identification of this novel role of autophagy may be important for rational chemotherapy and therapeutic exploitation of autophagy inducers as potential chemopreventive agents.

Virtual reality for stroke rehabilitation

Abstract: Published version made available following 12 month embargo from the date of publication [12 Feb 2015] according to publisher policy. Accessed 10/03/2015. Published version available from 13 February 2016.

Precuneus shares intrinsic functional architecture in humans and monkeys

Abstract: Evidence from macaque monkey tracing studies suggests connectivity-based subdivisions within the precuneus, offering predictions for similar subdivisions in the human. Here we present functional connectivity analyses of this region using resting-state functional MRI data collected from both humans and macaque monkeys. Three distinct patterns of functional connectivity were demonstrated within the precuneus of both species, with each subdivision suggesting a discrete functional role: (i) the anterior precuneus, functionally connected with the superior parietal cortex, paracentral lobule, and motor cortex, suggesting a sensorimotor region; (ii) the central precuneus, functionally connected to the dorsolateral prefrontal, dorsomedial prefrontal, and multimodal lateral inferior parietal cortex, suggesting a cognitive/associative region; and (iii) the posterior precuneus, displaying functional connectivity with adjacent visual cortical regions. These functional connectivity patterns were differentiated from the more ventral networks associated with the posterior cingulate, which connected with limbic structures such as the medial temporal cortex, dorsal and ventromedial prefrontal regions, posterior lateral inferior parietal regions, and the lateral temporal cortex. Our findings are consistent with predictions from anatomical tracer studies in the monkey, and provide support that resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) may in part reflect underlying anatomy. These subdivisions within the precuneus suggest that neuroimaging studies will benefit from treating this region as anatomically (and thus functionally) heterogeneous. Furthermore, the consistency between functional connectivity networks in monkeys and humans provides support for RSFC as a viable tool for addressing cross-species comparisons of functional neuroanatomy.

Prediction of mortality and morbidity with a 6-minute walk test in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. SOLVD Investigators

Abstract: Objective. —To study the potential usefulness of the 6-minute walk test, a self-paced submaximal exercise test, as a prognostic indicator in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Design. —Data were collected during a prospective cohort study, the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD) Registry Substudy. Setting. —Twenty tertiary care hospitals in the United States, Canada, and Belgium. Participants. —A stratified random sample of 898 patients from the SOLVD Registry who had either radiological evidence of congestive heart failure and/or an ejection fraction of 0.45 or less were enrolled in the substudy and underwent a detailed clinical evaluation including a 6-minute walk test. Patients were followed up for a mean of 242 days. Outcome Measures. —Mortality and hospitalization. Results. —During follow-up, 52 walk-test participants (6.2%) died and 252 (30.3%) were hospitalized. Hospitalization for congestive heart failure occurred in 78 participants (9.4%), and the combined endpoint of death or hospitalization for congestive heart failure occurred in 114 walk-test participants (13.7%). Compared with the highest performance level, patients in the lowest performance level had a significantly greater chance of dying (10.23% vs 2.99%;P=.01), of being hospitalized (40.91% vs 19.90%;P=.002), and of being hospitalized for heart failure (22.16% vs 1.99%;P Conclusion. —The 6-minute walk test is a safe and simple clinical tool that strongly and independently predicts morbidity and mortality in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. (JAMA. 1993;270:1702-1707)