University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey

About: University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 14634 authors who have published 19610 publications receiving 1041794 citations.

Time Interval Between Abnormalities Seen on CT and the Clinical Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer: Retrospective Review of CT Scans Obtained Before Diagnosis

Abstract: OBJECTIVE. Our purpose was to determine whether abdominal CT can detect pancreatic cancer before its clinical diagnosis.SUBJECTS AND METHODS. Two radiologists interpreted in a blinded manner 62 CT scans in 28 pancreatic cancer patients that were obtained before histologic diagnosis and 89 CT scans in 89 control subjects and noted specific CT findings. The presence of pancreatic cancer was characterized as definite, suspicious, low probability, or normal. The scans of the pancreatic cancer patients were divided into four groups on the basis of the time interval preceding cancer diagnosis (0–2, 2–6, 6–18, or > 18 months), and one scan (closest to 18 months) was selected per patient per time interval. Sensitivity and specificity for pancreatic cancer and interobserver agreement for CT findings were calculated.RESULTS. Radiologists agreed that CT findings definite or suspicious for pancreatic cancer were present in 50% of the scans obtained 2–6 and 6–18 months before the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer (3/6 an...

Microtubules in Dendritic Spine Development

Abstract: It is generally believed that only the actin cytoskeleton resides in dendritic spines and controls spine morphology and plasticity. Here, we report that microtubules (MTs) are present in spines and that shRNA knockdown of the MT plus-end-binding protein EB3 significantly reduces spine formation. Furthermore, stabilization and inhibition of MTs by low doses of taxol and nocodazole enhance and impair spine formation elicited by BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor), respectively. Therefore, MTs play an important role in the control and regulation of dendritic spine development and plasticity.

Marrow stromal cells, mitosis, and neuronal differentiation: stem cell and precursor functions.

Abstract: To define relationships among marrow stromal cells (MSCs), multipotential progenitors, committed precursors, and derived neurons, we examined differentiation, mitosis, and apoptosis in vitro. Neural induction medium morphologically converted over 70% of MSCs to typical neurons, which expressed tau, neuronal nuclear antigen, neuron-specific enolase, and TUC-4 within 24 hours. A subset decreased fibronectin expression, consistent with mesenchymal to neuroectodermal conversion. More than 35% of differentiating neurons incorporated bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and divided, increasing cell number by 60%, while another subpopulation differentiated without incorporating BrdU or dividing. Inhibition of mitosis and DNA synthesis did not prevent neural differentiation, with 70% of blocked cells expressing tau and displaying neuronal morphologies. By deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assay, less than 1% of cells underwent apoptosis at 36 and 72 hours, suggesting differentiation without cell-selective mechanisms. Apparently, MSCs may directly differentiate into neurons without passing through a mitotic stage, suggesting that distinctions among stem cells, progenitors, and precursors are more flexible than formerly recognized.

Inhibitory effect of topical application of a green tea polyphenol fraction on tumor initiation and promotion in mouse skin.

Abstract: A green tea polyphenol fraction was evaluated for its ability to inhibit tumor initiation by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and tumor promotion by a phorbol ester in the skin of CD-1 mice Topical application of the green tea polyphenol fraction inhibited benzo[a]pyrene- and 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]-anthracene-induced tumor initiation as well as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced tumor promotion Topical application of the green tea polyphenol fraction also inhibited TPA-induced inflammation, ornithine decarboxylase activity, hyperplasia and hydrogen peroxide formation Studies with individual polyphenolic compounds in green tea indicated that topical application of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, (-)-epigallocatechin and (-)-epicatechin gallate inhibited TPA-induced inflammation in mouse epidermis