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Institution

University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey

Education
About: University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 14634 authors who have published 19610 publications receiving 1041794 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The AIDS dementia complex is established as a distinct clinical and pathological entity and, together with accumulating virological evidence, suggests that it is caused by direct LAV/HTLV‐III brain infection.
Abstract: In order to define the histopathological substrate of the dementia that frequently complicates the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), we analyzed the neuropathological findings in 70 autopsied adult AIDS patients, 46 of whom had suffered clinically overt dementia. Less than 10% of the brains were histologically normal. Abnormalities were found predominantly in the white matter and in subcortical structures, with relative sparing of the cortex. Their frequency and severity generally correlated well with the degree and duration of clinical dementia. Most commonly noted was diffuse pallor in the white matter, which in the pathologically milder cases was accompanied by scanty perivascular infiltrates of lymphocytes and brown-pigmented macrophages, and in the most advanced cases by clusters of foamy macrophages and multinucleated cells associated with multifocal rarefaction of the white matter. However, in nearly one third of the demented cases the histopathological findings were remarkably bland in relation to the severity of clinical dysfunction. In addition, similar mild changes were noted in over one half of the nondemented patients, consistent with subclinical involvement. Vacuolar myelopathy was found in 23 patients and was generally more common and severe in patients with advanced brain pathology. Evidence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection was noted in nearly one quarter of the brains and was associated with a relative abundance of microglial nodules, but correlated neither with the major subcortical neuropathology nor with the clinical dementia, indicating that CMV infection likely represented a second, superimposed process. This study establishes the AIDS dementia complex as a distinct clinical and pathological entity and, together with accumulating virological evidence, suggests that it is caused by direct LAV/HTLV-III brain infection.

1,252 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is found that telomere length decreased steadily with age at a mean rate of 27 bp per year, and the pro-ageing effects of obesity and cigarette smoking are emphasised.

1,248 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
24 Nov 2004-Cell
TL;DR: A model is proposed whereby SNP309 serves as a rate-limiting event in carcinogenesis, and a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP309) is found in the MDM2 promoter and is shown to increase the affinity of the transcriptional activator Sp1, resulting in higher levels ofMDM2 RNA and protein and the subsequent attenuation of the p53 pathway.

1,226 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Obese Hispanic and white females demonstrate significantly lower levels of self-esteem by early adolescence, and obese children with decreasing levels ofSelf-esteem demonstrate significantly higher rates of sadness, loneliness, and nervousness and are more likely to engage in high-risk behaviors such as smoking or consuming alcohol.
Abstract: Background. Although childhood obe- sity may have detrimental consequences for childhood self-esteem, the prevalence and magnitude of this prob- lem is controversial. In addition, the social and emotional effects of decreased self-esteem in obese children are unknown. Methods. A total of 1520 children, 9 to 10 years of age, born to mothers in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth were studied. Comprehensive demographic data including race and family income were available in 97% of the cohort. Self-esteem was measured using Self- Perception Profile for Children. The 4-year follow-up Self-Perception Profile for Children scores were avail- able in 79% of the children. Obesity was defined as a body mass index greater than the 95th percentile for age and gender. Additional data include a self-administered questionnaire at 13 to 14 years of age concerning emo- tional well being, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Data were stratified by race and gender. The data were weighted to reflect a nationally representative sample of children born to mothers 17 to 28 years of age. Results. Scholastic and global self-esteem scores were not significantly different among 9- to 10-year-old obese and nonobese children. However, over the 4-year period, obese Hispanic females and obese white females showed significantly decreased levels of global self- esteem compared with nonobese Hispanic females and nonobese white females, respectively. Mild decreases in self-esteem also were observed in obese boys compared with nonobese boys. As a result, by 13 to 14 years of age, significantly lower levels of self-esteem were observed in obese boys, obese Hispanic girls, and obese white girls compared with their nonobese counterparts. Decreasing levels of self-esteem in obese children were associated with significantly increased rates of sadness, loneliness, and nervousness compared with obese children whose self-esteem increased or remained unchanged. In addi- tion, obese children with decreasing levels of self-esteem over the 4-year period were more likely to smoke and drink alcohol compared with obese children whose self- esteem increased or remained unchanged. Conclusion. Obese Hispanic and white females dem- onstrate significantly lower levels of self-esteem by early adolescence. In addition, obese children with decreasing levels of self-esteem demonstrate significantly higher rates of sadness, loneliness, and nervousness and are more likely to engage in high-risk behaviors such as smoking or con- suming alcohol. Pediatrics 2000;105(1). URL: http://www.

1,212 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results presented here demonstrate that activation of p53 inhibits mTOR activity and regulates its downstream targets, including autophagy, a tumor suppression process, and that p53 and mTOR signaling machineries can cross-talk and coordinately regulate cell growth, proliferation, and death.
Abstract: Cell growth and proliferation requires an intricate coordination between the stimulatory signals arising from nutrients and growth factors and the inhibitory signals arising from intracellular and extracellular stresses. Alteration of the coordination often causes cancer. In mammals, the mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) protein kinase is the central node in nutrient and growth factor signaling, and p53 plays a critical role in sensing genotoxic and other stresses. The results presented here demonstrate that activation of p53 inhibits mTOR activity and regulates its downstream targets, including autophagy, a tumor suppression process. Moreover, the mechanisms by which p53 regulates mTOR involves AMP kinase activation and requires the tuberous sclerosis (TSC) 1/TSC2 complex, both of which respond to energy deprivation in cells. In addition, glucose starvation not only signals to shut down mTOR, but also results in the transient phosphorylation of the p53 protein. Thus, p53 and mTOR signaling machineries can cross-talk and coordinately regulate cell growth, proliferation, and death.

1,195 citations


Authors

Showing all 14639 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
John Q. Trojanowski2261467213948
Virginia M.-Y. Lee194993148820
Danny Reinberg14534268201
Michael F. Holick145767107937
Tasuku Honjo14171288428
Arnold J. Levine139485116005
Aaron T. Beck139536170816
Charles J. Yeo13667276424
Jerry W. Shay13363974774
Chung S. Yang12856056265
Paul G. Falkowski12737864898
Csaba Szabó12395861791
William C. Roberts122111755285
Bryan R. Cullen12137150901
John R. Perfect11957352325
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20226
202113
20208
201917
201823
201736