Showing papers by "University of Memphis published in 1981"
115 citations
TL;DR: Conclusions are drawn from statistics compiled at Memphis State University from 1975 through 1979, which involved 265 athletes and found that the knee was most often involved and suf fered the most severe injuries.
Abstract: Many studies concerning the injuries occurring in high school and intercollegiate football have been reported, including those emphasizing the number and type of injuries, geographic distribution of injuries, and the rate of injury compared to position, conditioning, officiating, equipment, and type of playing surface. This report focuses on the individual player involved in a sports program for four or five years and emphasizes the statistical probability of that individual sustaining an injury during his playing career. Conclusions, drawn from statistics compiled at Memphis State University from 1975 through 1979, involved 265 athletes. These 265 athletes sustained 283 injuries during this period. Of these 283 injuries, 69% were mild, 20% were moderate, and 11% were severe. The knee was most often involved and suffered the most severe injuries. Ankle injuries accounted for the second highest incidence of injury, but these were primarily mild or moderate injuries. The defensive line, especially the defensive ends, received the greatest percentage of injuries. The probability of injury for the individual player was found to be 106.7% for a five-year participant, 99.1% for a four-year participant, and 46.6% for a one-year participant.
88 citations
TL;DR: It is reported that platelets can be prepared which lack agglutinin activity but have receptor function, that afibr inogenaemic platelets lack receptor activity, and that fibrinogen is the receptor for the agglUTinin secreted by activated platelets.
Abstract: Washed platelets activated by α-thrombin, γ-thrombin1, thrombocytin2 or the ionophore A23187 (ref. 3) lose their disk shape4, produce pseudopodia and become cohesive. This cohesiveness is accompanied by the expression of an endogeneous haemagglutinin5 which, although apparently bound to the platelet membrane6, is dependent on cell secretion7. The interaction of this agglutinin with appropriate receptors on other platelets is believed to be responsible for aggregation. We report here that platelets can be prepared which lack agglutinin activity but have receptor function, that afibrinogenaemic platelets lack receptor activity, and that fibrinogen is the receptor for the agglutinin secreted by activated platelets.
86 citations
TL;DR: In this article, concern stimuli were incorporated significantly more often than non-concern stimuli during sleep stages 2 and REM, although low recall rates prevented assessment of whether this relationship also existed in Stage 2.
Abstract: The hypothesis that cues related to subjects' current concerns can control attentional and cognitive processes during sleeping and dreaming was examined by presenting concern- and nonconcern-related verbal stimuli to seven male subjects during sleep Stages 2 and REM. The taped dream reports were judged for stimulus incorporation by two independent raters. The results revealed that concern stimuli were incorporated significantly more often than nonconcern stimuli in Stage REM, although low dream recall rates prevented assessment of whether this relationship also existed in Stage 2. This rinding supports the results of a number of other studies which indicate that responsiveness to auditory stimuli during sleeping and dreaming is largely dependent on the personal significance of the stimulus to the sleeper. It further suggests that sleeping subjects are capable of making more complex and subtle cognitive discriminations, based on the waking value of the stimulus to the subject, than has previously been demonstrated. Research on the determinants of waking thought content (Klinger, 1978) has demonstrated the influence of current concerns on cognitive processes. The concept of current concern refers to the state of an organism between the time it becomes committed to a particular goal and the consummation or abandonment of the goal. During dichotic listening, cues related to subjects' current concerns exerted a controlling effect on attention, recall, and thought content. The present investigation seeks to extend these findings to effects of concernrelated cues on dream content. Responsiveness to external stimulation has been shown to occur in sleeping subjects. Subjects can be induced to perform physical acts in response to cues introduced while they are asleep (Evans, Gustafson, O'Connell, Orne, & Shor, 1970; Oswald, Taylor, & Treisman, 1960; Williams, Morlock, & Morlock, 1966). Both the cues and the responses used in these investigations varied considerably: stereotyped hand movements to taperecorded names (Oswald et al., 1960), overlearned natural responses to suggestions about subjects' physical states, such as scratching one's nose in response to the suggestion that it was itchy (Evans et al., 1970), or finger movements in response to conditioned auditory stimuli (Williams et al., 1966). These studies make clear that sleeping sub
83 citations
62 citations
TL;DR: No diurnal plasma corticosteroid rhythm was observed in fish exposed to diurnal chemical rhythms of culture ponds, and Methylene blue was not effective in preventing interrenal response to low dissolved oxygen.
Abstract: Plasma corticosteroid concentrations in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, (normally 1.0 ± 0.3 μg/100 ml) increased significantly (to 5.9 ± 1.2μg/100 ml) in response to acute oxygen depletion and then returned to control levels within 30 min after the dissolved oxygen concentration was increased; however, a secondary increase in plasma corticosteroid levels was observed 6 h after exposure. Corticosteroid levels also increased in fish exposed to dissolved oxygen concentration of <0.2 mg/1 for three days. Methylene blue was not effective in preventing interrenal response to low dissolved oxygen. No diurnal plasma corticosteroid rhythm was observed in fish exposed to diurnal chemical rhythms of culture ponds.
61 citations
TL;DR: While these data argue against attempting to use group MMPI profiles to predict surgical outcome in patients who are suffering from pain, subgroup profiles do bear a strong relationship with surgery outcome and appear worthy of further investigation.
Abstract: Administered the MMPI as part of a comprehensive pain evaluation to 44 patients who were receiving surgery for low back pain. Surgical outcomes then were determined after 6 to 18 months, and the patients were grouped as surgery success (22) or surgery failures (22). MMPI profiles were examined for each group, and while there was a significant difference on the Hs scale, no other mean scores were discriminative. In contrast, when patients were divided into subgroups based upon MMPI profile configurations, a strong relationship existed between subgroup MMPI profile and surgery outcome. Thus, while these data argue against attempting to use group MMPI profiles to predict surgical outcome in patients who are suffering from pain, subgroup profiles do bear a strong relationship with surgery outcome and appear worthy of further investigation.
61 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that the insufficiency of the platelet-bound agglutinin may be the cause of the inability of gray platelets to aggregate normally in response to thrombin.
51 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the mainshock source volume had separated into crustal volumes of high stress levels embedded in a larger low-stress volume, showing respectively high and low-stress precursory anomalies.
Abstract: Large earthquakes often occur as multiple ruptures reflecting strong variations of stress level along faults. Dense instrument networks with which the volcano Kilauea is monitored provided detailed data on changes of seismic velocity, strain accumulation and earthquake occurrence rate before the 1975 Hawaii 7.2-mag earthquake. During the ∼4 yr of preparation time the mainshock source volume had separated into crustal volumes of high stress levels embedded in a larger low-stress volume, showing respectively high- and low-stress precursory anomalies.
38 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Third- and sixth-grade children were shown slides and tapes presenting target children as either physically nonhandicapped and nonretarded, (b) physically handicapped only, (c) mentally retarded only, or (d)physically handicapped and mentally retarded.
Abstract: Third- and sixth-grade children were shown slides and tapes presenting target children as either (a) physically nonhandicapped and nonretarded, (b) physically handicapped only, (c) mentally retarded only, or (d) physically handicapped and mentally retarded. All children were rated more favorably by third graders than sixth graders and more favorably by boys than girls. Physically handicapped target children were rated more favorably than were nonhandicapped children on behavioral intentions measures but were not rated differently on an attitude scale; retarded children were also rated more favorably than were nonretarded children on the former measures but less favorably on the attitude scale. Significant interactions were noted and implications of the results discussed.
36 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that if G and H are star-forests with no single edge stars, then (G, H) is Ramsey-finite if and only if both G andH are single stars with an odd number of edges.
TL;DR: In this article, Ictalurus punctatus with Salmonella paratyphi in Freund's complete adjuvant produced persistent agglutinating antibody titers of hundreds of thousands during a 1-year response.
Abstract: Intraperitoneal immunization of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus , with Salmonella paratyphi in Freund's complete adjuvant produced persistent agglutinating antibody titers of hundreds of thousands during a 1-year response. Bactericidal activity of 2 high-titered sera averaged 30% and 20%. Post-immunization bactericidal activity varied little and remained within 10% of pre-immunization bactericidal activity. Fresh channel catfish serum from unimmunized catfish exhibited 100% bactericidal activity against S. paratyphi . Lysozyme was present in fresh channel catfish serum at 1.8 μ/ml serum or 34 ng lysozyme/mg protein.
TL;DR: This granule secretion process in argasid ticks is rapid; not all of the secretory cells secrete during a single feeding and those that do remain intact enough for synthesis of new granules are used for repeated feedings.
Abstract: The granule secretion process inArgas (Persicargas) arboreus salivary gland alveoli during feeding is described. Cells within an alveolus are not synchronized with respect to secretion. The secretory process is probably under neural control. In type II alveoli, large granules are released by apocrine secretion and small granules by merocrine secretion. Apocrine secretion is divided into three phases for descriptive purposes: (1) crawling of the tick on the host initiates formation of an intracellular membrane system connected to both the apical cell membrane and the membrane surrounding the granule, (2) breakdown of this membrane system releases granule contents and cytoplasm into the alveolar lumen and the salivary duct, and (3) spent secretory cells undergo a reduction in size. This granule secretion process has a significant adaptive value to the rapid repeated feeding of argasid ticks. Pharmacologically active substances are synthesized by secretory cells between feedings and are stored in the cell as granules isolated by a limiting membrane. The process is initiated by the presence of the host. It is rapid; not all of the secretory cells secrete during a single feeding and those that do remain intact enough for synthesis of new granules are used for repeated feedings.
TL;DR: In this article, spontaneous speech samples of 40 non-stutterers and 4 stutterers above the age of 50 were perceptually analyzed and fluency breaks were classified into categories of formulative or motoric breaks.
TL;DR: In this article, a strategy for integrating the learning of educational psychology concepts with exposure to real-life classroom applications is investigated for integrating learning concepts into regular course activities, and 68 pres...
Abstract: A strategy was investigated for integrating the learning of educational psychology concepts with exposure to real-life classroom applications. In conjunction with regular course activities, 68 pres...
TL;DR: In this paper, four statistical analyses consistently separated samples of Tamiasciurus from Baja California from samples of T. douglasii and T. hudsonicus, and concluded that the two species differ primarily in size and shape.
Abstract: Results of four statistical analyses consistently separated samples of Tamiasciurus from Baja California from samples of T. douglasii and T. hudsonicus. Univariate statistics indicated that 12 of 17 cranial characters were individually suffi- cient to distinguish one group from another. Discriminant analysis separated the two species and the Baja California group by equal intervals; distance coefficients among the three were similar. Individual populations within each group showed considerable overlap whereas the three groups did not overlap. Principal components analysis in- dicated that T. douglasii and T. hudsonicus differ primarily in size, whereas the Baja California group differs in shape from the other two species. Biogeographic evidence suggests that Tamiasciurus entered Baja California at one or more glacial maxima during the Pleistocene and a population was isolated by interglacial warming. The latest corridor would have closed about 15,000 years ago. Morphologic data indicate that the Baja California population warrants species status as T. mearnsi. The genus Tamiasciurus contains two species, T. douglasii and T. hudsonicus, and 29 subspecies (four in T. douglasii and 25 in T. hudsonicus; Hall and Kelson, 1959). The two species are distributed throughout most montane areas of North America with an area of contact in the Pacific Northwest. The distribution of each species is essentially continuous except for an isolated group in the Sierra San Pedro Martir of Baja California. The Baja California population, currently named T. douglasii mearnsi
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors collected and analyzed descriptive data on 20 nursing homes in a large urban area, including data about structure, staffing, policy, treatment, residents, discharge, psychosocial climate, and neighborhood characteristics.
Abstract: Nursing homes play an important role in the community-based care of chronic mental patients, yet there is little research in that setting. The present study gathered and analyzed descriptive data on 20 nursing homes in a large urban area, including data about structure, staffing, policy, treatment, residents, discharge, psychosocial climate, and neighborhood characteristics. Results suggested a clear difference between skilled nursing versus intermediate care facilities, with the latter playing a larger role in caring for mental patients. More important, data suggested such facilities play primarily a custodial rather than treatment role, and that managers expect patients in nursing homes to stay indefinitely. In view of this, our justifications for community care, such as social integration, need to be examined anew.
TL;DR: Allozymic variation for the terrestrial isopod, A. vulgare, is low when compared to that reported for most invertebrates, with the average individual being heterozygous at 3.4 percent of its loci.
Abstract: Allozymic variation for the terrestrial isopod, A. vulgare, is low when compared to that reported for most invertebrates, with the average individual being heterozygous at 3.4 percent of its loci. However, this level of heterozygosity is comparable to that reported in various decapods. A significant heterozygote deficiency occurred in local populations of A. vulgare, which is most likely due to selection and/or nonrandom mating.
TL;DR: In this article, the equilibrium space charge distributions obtained for single crystals with Schottky or Frenkel defects by global free energy minimization also arise in a natural way from local chemical potential considerations.
TL;DR: This paper used data from a nation-wide survey of part-timers, conducted by the American Association of University Professors in 1977, to compare job-related characteristics of males and females and their motivations for working part-time.
Abstract: Part-time positions in academe have long been considered women's work because of the opportunities they afford for child care and household responsibilities, as well as the lower status and pay which they generally carry. Recent data indicate that men are just as likely as women to be part-timers, and that the large majority of women do not fit the stereotypical view of women part-timers. This paper uses data from a nation-wide survey of part-timers, conducted by the American Association of University Professors in 1977, to compare job-related characteristics of males and females and their motivations for working part-time. The data suggest that part-time academic employment may, in fact, be a female issue since some differences between the sexes are found to exist. In several instances women appear to be worse off than their male counterparts. The article concludes with policy recommendations to improve this situation.
TL;DR: This paper provided projections of non-English language background (NELB) and limited English proficient (LEP) persons in the United States until the year 2000, using 1976 as a base year.
Abstract: This article provides projections of non-English language background (NELB) and limited English proficient (LEP) persons in the United States until the year 2000, using 1976 as a base year.1 Breakdowns are presented by language, age, and state and combinations of these categories. The NELB population is projected to increase from 28 million persons in 1976 to 30 million in 1980, 34.7 million in 1990, and 39.5 million in 2000. The total number of LEP children ages 5–14 estimated for 1976 is 2.5 million, with a drop to 2.4 million in 1980 and a gradual increase to 2.8 million in 1990 and 3.4 million in 2000. These figures can be compared to the estimate of 3.6 million children in the entire 4–18 year old school-age population in 1978, based on the Children’s English and Services Study. The Spanish NELB and LEP groups grow faster than other NELB and LEP groups. Projections are based on a number of assumptions. Projections do not take into account unpredictable political and sociological trends resulting in c...
01 Jan 1981
TL;DR: This paper found that women tending toward internality and high self-esteem should be more likely to manifest nontraditional behaviors, as evidenced through career-oriented roles, and to rank these roles as their primary source of satisfaction.
Abstract: This research attempted to establish relationships between locus of control, self-esteem, and traditional-nontraditional behavior It was hypothesized that (1) women tending toward internality and high self-esteem should be more likely to manifest nontraditional behaviors, as evidenced through career-oriented roles, and to rank these roles as their primary source of satisfaction; and (2) women tending toward externality and low self-esteem should be more likely to manifest traditional behavior, as evidenced through family-oriented roles, and to rank these roles as their primary source of satisfaction The sample consisted of 91 White females in a southern metropolitan area The data were collected using a survey design As expected, high self-esteem internals were more likely to manifest nontraditional behavior Contrary to expectation, low self-esteem externals were more nontraditional in role orientation
01 Jun 1981
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors found that high arousal levels in any of these measures at the session's outset resulted in longer adaptation times compared to low initial arousal, and females required longer adaptation periods than males in SRL and EKG.
Abstract: Heart rate (EKG), digital skin resistance level (SRL), and frontalis electromyography (EMG) of 20 undergraduate volunteers were monitored in three 30-min sessions to chart the course and magnitude of adaptation. As a group, 7, 13, and 13 min of adaptation were required for SRL, EMG, and EKG, respectively. High arousal levels in any of these measures at the session's outset resulted in longer adaptation times compared to low initial arousal. EMG showed the strongest variance across sessions. Females required longer adaptation periods than males in SRL and EKG. Self-reported trait anxiety levels bore little relationship to adaptation course. Methods were outlined for setting individualized adaptation periods by either the min 1 EMG level or regression equations for the initial values of each of the measures. Overall, psychophysiological adaptation proved to be an influential variable requiring experimental management to avoid confoundment with treatment effects.
TL;DR: Fodor's token physicalism is untenable, if we accept both (a) his proposed model of the relationship between physics and the special sciences, and (b) the theory of events to which he commits himself in the course of propounding token physicalisms as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: In his paper 'The Special Sciences (Or: The Disunity of Science as a Working Hypothesis) '] J. A. Fodor contends that philosophers of science have conflated two distinct theses: on the one hand, 'the generality of physics vis av is the special sciences'; and on the other hand, the claim that 'theories in the special sciences must reduce to physical theories'. He argues that \"What has traditionally been called 'the unity of science' is a much stronger, and much less plausible, thesis than the generality of physics\" (p. 97). This is an important claim, as he points out, because the doctrine of reductivism is often thought to play a regulative role in scientific practice: the assumption of the generality of physics is thought to imply that higher-level theories must reduce to physical theories. But if Fodor is right, this inference is mistaken. He proposes a new account of the way physics is related to the special sciences, one which differs significantly from the standard reductivist account. And he appends to his basic model a metaphysical thesis he labels 'token physicalism': the doctrine that any event that falls under any scientific law also falls under a law of physics, and is therefore a physical event. He relies heavily upon token physicalism as a putative explication of the idea that physics subsumes the special sciences. In the present paper I shall develop three themes. First, I shall argue that Fodor's token physicalism is untenable, if we accept both (a) his proposed model of the relationship between physics and the special sciences, and (b) the theory of events to which he commits himself in the course of propounding token physicalism. Second, I shall propose an alternative explication of the generality of phys icsone which meshes well with Fodor's basic model of the connection between physics and the special sciences, but which is logically independent of token physicalism. Third, I shall explore several alternative approaches to the question of events, all compatible with my account of the generality of physics: (a) giving up token physi-
01 Sep 1981
TL;DR: This article evaluated the reliability of the "rape index" as a technique in differentiating rapists from non-rapists, and found that the overall reliability of this index was low, and the implications of these results upon the assessment and classification of offenders are discussed.
Abstract: Although there has been increased reliance upon the direct physiological measurement of penile tumescence in the assessment of sexual deviations, the reliability of these measures has never been empirically validated. This investigation evaluates the reliability of the “rape index” as a technique in differentiating rapists from nonrapists. Eighteen individuals incarcerated on non-sexual-related offenses were presented visual and audio stimuli depicting mutually consenting intercourse, rape, and aggression. These stimuli were presented under two instructional sets: (1) enchance arousal and (2) suppress arousal. Reliability indices for the rape index were computed among various conditions of modality presentation, instructional set, and test-retest conditions. The overall reliability of the rape index was found to be low. The implications of these results upon the assessment and classification of offenders is discussed.
TL;DR: Sera of 1,000 adults from Memphis, Tennessee were tested by the microagglutination procedure for antibodies to Legionella pneumophila (Philadelphia 1 strain) and 53 (5.3%) had titers of 1:16 or greater to L. pneumophILA.
Abstract: Sera of 1,000 adults (aged 50 to 104) from Memphis, Tennessee were tested by the microagglutination procedure for antibodies to Legionella pneumophila (Philadelphia 1 strain). Of the 1,000 sera tested, 53 (5.3%) had titers of 1:16 or greater to L. pneumophila .
TL;DR: In this article, the small-signal a.c. response of symmetrical cells with nominally pure or bismuth-doped β-PbF 2 as solid electrolyte and Pt or Au electrodes has been studied at controlled oxygen pressures over the frequency range 10 −4 Hz to 50kHz for temperatures ranging from 25°C to 450°C.