Institution
University of Memphis
Education•Memphis, Tennessee, United States•
About: University of Memphis is a education organization based out in Memphis, Tennessee, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 7710 authors who have published 20082 publications receiving 611618 citations. The organization is also known as: U of M.
Topics: Population, Poison control, Fractional calculus, Health care, Cognition
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The hypothesis that survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia have deficits in neurocognitive performance, and smaller white‐matter volumes are associated with these deficits is tested.
Abstract: BACKGROUND
The primary objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have deficits in neurocognitive performance, and smaller white-matter volumes are associated with these deficits.
METHODS
The patients studied included 112 ALL survivors (84 patients who had received chemotherapy only, 28 patients who had received chemotherapy and irradiation; 63 males, 49 females; mean age ± standard deviation, 4.1 yrs ± 2.6 yrs at diagnosis; mean ± standard deviation yrs since diagnosis, 6.0 ± 3.5 yrs), and 33 healthy siblings who participated as a control group. Neurocognitive tests of attention, intelligence, and academic achievement were performed; and magnetic resonance images were obtained and subsequently were segmented to yield tissue volume measurements. Comparisons of neurocognitive measures and tissue volumes between groups were performed, and the correlations between volumes and neurocognitive performance measures were assessed.
RESULTS
Most performance measures demonstrated statistically significant differences from the normative test scores, but only attention measures exceeded 1.0 standard deviation from normal. Patients who had received chemotherapy alone had significantly larger volumes of white matter than patients who had received treatment that also included cranial irradiation, but their volumes remained significantly smaller than the volumes in the control group. Smaller white-matter volumes were associated significantly with larger deficits in attention, intelligence, and academic achievement.
CONCLUSIONS
Survivors of childhood ALL had significant deficits in attention and smaller white-matter volumes that were associated directly with impaired neurocognitive performance. Cranial irradiation exacerbated these deficits. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
181 citations
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TL;DR: It is reported that differentiated neurons can proliferate and form cancer while maintaining their differentiated state including neurites and synaptic connections.
181 citations
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01 Sep 2003TL;DR: This paper presents a real-valued negative selection algorithm with good mathematical foundation that solves some of the drawbacks of the previous approach and can produce a good estimate of the optimal number of detectors needed to cover the non-self space.
Abstract: This paper presents a real-valued negative selection algorithm with good mathematical foundation that solves some of the drawbacks of our previous approach [11]. Specifically, it can produce a good estimate of the optimal number of detectors needed to cover the non-self space, and the maximization of the non-self coverage is done through an optimization algorithm with proven convergence properties. The proposed method is a randomized algorithm based on Monte Carlo methods. Experiments are performed to validate the assumptions made while designing the algorithm and to evaluate its performance.
181 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors outline the political and institutional structures that work to formulate operating norms that govern what is considered to be ''acceptable'' qualitative organizational research, and the quality indicators attached to foundational, quasi-foundational, and nonfoundational research orientations.
Abstract: Within this article, the authors outline the political and institutional structures that work to formulate operating norms that govern what is considered to be ``acceptable'' qualitative organizational research, and the quality indicators attached to foundational, quasi-foundational, and nonfoundational research orientations. They argue that encouraging a plurality of methods and representations will better position the field of organizational studies to address the most significant questions of our time. Located within this position, they call for a democratization of what counts in organizational research: a more considered and central space for nonhegemonic approaches to qualitative work. In so doing, they champion a moral-sacred epistemology that foregrounds ethical and moral concerns as underpinning both the purpose and the quality of the research.
180 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined flow fields encountered in models of cerebral aneurysms having a lateral (originating from the side of an artery, not at a branch point) geometric configuration.
Abstract: There is strong evidence indicating hemodynamic stress as an underlying cause for saccular intracranial aneurysm growth, thrombosis, and/or rupture. We examined flow fields encountered in models of cerebral aneurysms having a lateral (originating from the side of an artery, not at a branch point) geometric configuration. Shear stress and pressure gradients acting on aneurysm walls under a variety of flow and geometric conditions were evaluated. For this purpose, a two-dimensional finite-element computer model of lateral aneurysms in a steady-flow state was developed. Three idealized aneurysm shapes were studied, half-spherical, spherical, and pear-shaped. The ostium width of the cerebral aneurysm, relative to the radius of the parent artery and the Reynolds number, were also varied. Maximal shear stresses and maximum pressures (for an ostium width of 2 times the radius of the parent artery) were typically found at the downstream site of the ostium, rather than at the dome of the aneurysm. In general, the highest shear stresses and the lowest pressures (at the distal portion of the ostium) were obtained in the spherical aneurysm, whereas the lowest shear stresses and the highest pressures were found in the half-spherical aneurysm. The location of maximal stresses (shear and pressure) at the distal region of the ostium suggests that growth and/or rupture may well proceed from this point. Such findings are in contrast to the commonly held opinion that aneurysm rupture occurs at the dome. Careful pathological investigation will need to be performed to clarify this finding. The results of this preliminary investigation also indicate that the flow field in lateral aneurysms is highly dependent on a number of factors related to flow and geometric parameters. Geometry seems to be a significant mediator of local magnitudes of stress. Thus, the tendency for growth or thrombosis may be influenced by variations in size or shape.
180 citations
Authors
Showing all 7827 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
James F. Sallis | 169 | 825 | 144836 |
Robert G. Webster | 158 | 843 | 90776 |
Ching-Hon Pui | 145 | 805 | 72146 |
James Whelan | 128 | 786 | 89180 |
Tom Baranowski | 103 | 485 | 36327 |
Peter C. Doherty | 101 | 516 | 40162 |
Jian Chen | 96 | 1718 | 52917 |
Arthur C. Graesser | 95 | 614 | 38549 |
David Richards | 95 | 578 | 47107 |
Jianhong Wu | 93 | 726 | 36427 |
Richard W. Compans | 91 | 526 | 31576 |
Shiriki K. Kumanyika | 90 | 349 | 44959 |
Alexander J. Blake | 89 | 1133 | 35746 |
Marek Czosnyka | 88 | 747 | 29117 |
David M. Murray | 86 | 300 | 21500 |