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Institution

University of Missouri

EducationColumbia, Missouri, United States
About: University of Missouri is a education organization based out in Columbia, Missouri, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 41427 authors who have published 83598 publications receiving 2911437 citations. The organization is also known as: Mizzou & Missouri-Columbia.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that ethylene similarly regulates EIN3 and EIL1, the two master transcription factors coordinating myriad ethylene responses, and it is clarified that EIN2 but not MKK9 is required for ethylene-induced Ein3/EIL1 stabilization.
Abstract: Plant responses to ethylene are mediated by regulation of EBF1/2-dependent degradation of the ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3 (EIN3) transcription factor. Here, we report that the level of EIL1 protein is upregulated by ethylene through an EBF1/2-dependent pathway. Genetic analysis revealed that EIL1 and EIN3 cooperatively but differentially regulate a wide array of ethylene responses, with EIL1 mainly inhibiting leaf expansion and stem elongation in adult plants and EIN3 largely regulating a multitude of ethylene responses in seedlings. When EBF1 and EBF2 are disrupted, EIL1 and EIN3 constitutively accumulate in the nucleus and remain unresponsive to exogenous ethylene application. Further study revealed that the levels of EBF1 and EBF2 proteins are downregulated by ethylene and upregulated by silver ion and MG132, suggesting that ethylene stabilizes EIN3/EIL1 by promoting EBF1 and EBF2 proteasomal degradation. Also, we found that EIN2 is indispensable for mediating ethylene-induced EIN3/EIL1 accumulation and EBF1/2 degradation, whereas MKK9 is not required for ethylene signal transduction, contrary to a previous report. Together, our studies demonstrate that ethylene similarly regulates EIN3 and EIL1, the two master transcription factors coordinating myriad ethylene responses, and clarify that EIN2 but not MKK9 is required for ethylene-induced EIN3/EIL1 stabilization. Our results also reveal that EBF1 and EBF2 act as essential ethylene signal transducers that by themselves are subject to proteasomal degradation.

409 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that absorption and urinary excretion of calcium increase during pregnancy whereas bone turnover increases during late pregnancy and lactation; only renal changes consistent with an increase in PTH were seen postweaning.

409 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The most important finding is that the pattern of contacts between the different groups has a major effect on the spread of HIV, an effect inadequately recognized or studied heretofore.
Abstract: A compartmental model is presented for the spread of HIV in a homosexual population divided into subgroups by degree of sexual activity. The model includes constant recruitment rates for the susceptibles in the subgroups. It incorporates the long infectious period of HIV-infected individuals and allows one to vary infectiousness over the infectious period. A new pattern of mixing, termed preferred mixing, is defined, in which a fraction of a group’s contacts can be reserved for within-group contacts, the remainder being subject to proportional mixing. The fraction reserved may differ among groups. In addition, the classic definition of reproductive number is generalized to show that for heterogeneous populations in general the endemic threshold is BDc,, where cr is the mean number of contacts per infective. The most important finding is that the pattern of contacts between the different groups has a major effect on the spread of HIV, an effect inadequately recognized or studied heretofore.

409 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results indicate that ABA accumulation plays direct roles in both the maintenance of primary root elongation and the inhibition of shoot elongation at low water potentials.
Abstract: Roots of maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings continue to grow at low water potentials that cause complete inhibition of shoot growth. In this study, we have investigated the role of abscisic acid (ABA) in this differential growth sensitivity by manipulating endogenous ABA levels as an alternative to external applications of the hormone. An inhibitor of carotenoid biosynthesis (fluridone) and a mutant deficient in carotenoid biosynthesis (vp 5) were used to reduce the endogenous ABA content in the growing zones of the primary root and shoot at low water potentials. Experiments were performed on 30 to 60 hour old seedlings that were transplanted into vermiculite which had been preadjusted to water potentials of approximately −1.6 megapascals (roots) or −0.3 megapascals (shoots). Growth occurred in the dark at near-saturation humidity. Results of experiments using the inhibitor and mutant approaches were very similar. Reduced ABA content by either method was associated with inhibition of root elongation and promotion of shoot elongation at low water potentials, compared to untreated and wild-type seedlings at the same water potential. Elongation rates and ABA contents at high water potential were little affected. The inhibition of shoot elongation at low water potential was completely prevented in fluridone-treated seedlings during the first five hours after transplanting. The results indicate that ABA accumulation plays direct roles in both the maintenance of primary root elongation and the inhibition of shoot elongation at low water potentials.

409 citations


Authors

Showing all 41750 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Walter C. Willett3342399413322
Meir J. Stampfer2771414283776
Russel J. Reiter1691646121010
Chad A. Mirkin1641078134254
Robert Stone1601756167901
Howard I. Scher151944101737
Rajesh Kumar1494439140830
Joseph T. Hupp14173182647
Lihong V. Wang136111872482
Stephen R. Carpenter131464109624
Jan A. Staessen130113790057
Robert S. Brown130124365822
Mauro Giavalisco12841269967
Kenneth J. Pienta12767164531
Matthew W. Gillman12652955835
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023120
2022532
20213,697
20203,683
20193,339
20183,182