University of Missouri

About: University of Missouri is a education organization based out in Columbia, Missouri, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 41427 authors who have published 83598 publications receiving 2911437 citations. The organization is also known as: Mizzou & Missouri-Columbia.

Clinical competence assessment in nursing: a systematic review of the literature

Abstract: Background. The assessment of clinical competence has returned to centre stage of nurse education. However, there is little evidence to support the use of clinical competence and a wide variety of methods for its use. Research question. The present study was designed to investigate the evidence for the use of clinical competence assessment in nursing. Design. A review using systematic methods of literature pertaining to clinical competence in nursing was conducted using defined dates, databases and search terms. Results. There is still considerable confusion about the definition of clinical competence and most of the methods in use to define or measure competence have not been developed systematically and issues of reliability and validity have barely been addressed. Conclusion. The assessment of clinical competence remains almost universally accepted in the nurse education literature as a laudable pursuit yet there are aspects of it that remain at odds with the higher education of nurses.

Transesterification of soybean oil with zeolite and metal catalysts

Abstract: Transesterification of soybean oil with methanol was carried out at 60, 120, and 150 °C in the presence of a series NaX faujasite zeolite, ETS-10 zeolite, and metal catalysts. The stock zeolites were exchanged with potassium and cesium; NaX containing occluded sodium oxide (NaO x /NaX) and occluded sodium azide (NaO x /NaX * ). The catalysts were calcined at 500 °C prior to use in order to increase activity. The ETS-10 catalysts provided higher conversions than the Zeolite-X type catalysts. The increased conversions were attributed to the higher basicity of ETS-10 zeolites and larger pore structures that improved intra-particle diffusion. Methyl ester yield increased with an increase in temperature from 60 to 150 °C. The metal catalysts increased conversion by one to over two orders of magnitude over the homogeneous reaction with several of the zeolite catalysts performing better than the metal catalysts. The catalyst was reused without observed loss of activity. A preliminary design assessment shows that these catalysts are sufficiently active to be commercially viable contingent upon the costs of the catalysts achieving conversions in excess of 90% at temperatures below 125 °C.

A Developmental Perspective on Alcohol and Youths 16 to 20 Years of Age

Abstract: Late adolescence (ie, 16–20 years of age) is a period characterized by escalation of drinking and alcohol use problems for many and by the onset of an alcohol use disorder for some. This heightened period of vulnerability is a joint consequence of the continuity of risk from earlier developmental stages and the unique neurologic, cognitive, and social changes that occur in late adolescence. We review the normative neurologic, cognitive, and social changes that typically occur in late adolescence, and we discuss the evidence for the impact of these transitions on individual drinking trajectories. We also describe evidence linking alcohol abuse in late adolescence with neurologic damage and social impairments, and we discuss whether these are the bases for the association of adolescent drinking with increased risks of mental health, substance abuse, and social problems in adulthood. Finally, we discuss both the challenges and successes in the treatment and prevention of adolescent drinking problems.

Institutional Investors and Equity Returns: Are Short-term Institutions Better Informed?

Abstract: We show that the positive relation between institutional ownership and future stock returns documented in Gompers and Metrick (2001) is driven by shortterm institutions. Furthermore, short-term institutions’ trading forecasts future stock returns. This predictability does not reverse in the long run and is stronger for small and growth stocks. Short-term institutions’ trading is also positively related to future earnings surprises. By contrast, long-term institutions’ trading does not forecast future returns, nor is it related to future earnings news. Our results are consistent with the view that short-term institutions are better informed and they trade actively to exploit their informational advantage. (JEL G12, G14, G20) This article examines the relation between institutions’ investment horizons and their informational roles in the stock market. Although a large body of literature has studied the behavior of institutional trading and its impact on asset prices and returns, 1 the informational role of institutional investors remains an open question. Gompers and Metrick (2001) document a positive relation between institutional ownership and future stock returns. However, they attribute this relation to temporal demand shocks rather than institutions’ informational advantage. Nofsinger and Sias (1999) find that changes in institutional ownership forecast next year’s returns, suggesting that institutional trading contains information about future returns. In contrast, Cai and Zheng (2004) find that institutional trading