scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Institution

University of Münster

EducationMünster, Germany
About: University of Münster is a education organization based out in Münster, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 35609 authors who have published 69059 publications receiving 2278534 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Munster & University of Muenster.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
01 Sep 2006-Lethaia
TL;DR: The term ‘work of an animal' should be deleted from the code, and ichnotaxa should be based solely on trace fossils as defined herein, and the following emendations are proposed to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
Abstract: The taxonomic treatment of trace fossils needs a uniform approach, independent of the ethologic groups concerned. To this aim, trace fossils are rigorously defined with regard to biological taxa and physical sedimentary structures. Potential ichnotaxobases are evaluated, with morphology resulting as the most important criterion. For trace fossils related to bioerosion and herbivory, substrate plays a key role, as well as composition for coprolites. Size, producer, age, facies and preservation are rejected as ichnotaxobases. Separate names for undertracks and other poorly preserved material should gradually be replaced by ichnotaxa based on well-preserved specimens. Recent traces may be identified using established trace fossil taxa but new names can only be based on fossil material, even if the distinction between recent and fossil may frequently remain arbitrary. It is stressed that ichnotaxa must not be incorporated into biological taxa in systematics. Composite trace fossil structures (complex structures made by the combined activity of two or more species) have no ichnotaxonomic standing but compound traces (complex structures made by one individual tracemaker) may be named separately under certain provisions. The following emendations are proposed to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature: The term ‘work of an animal' should be deleted from the code, and ichnotaxa should be based solely on trace fossils as defined herein.

427 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a stable titanate nanobelt (TNB) particle suspension was prepared by a hydrogen-bond-driven assembly of pre-hydrolysed fluoroalkylsilane (FAS) on its surface.
Abstract: A stable titanate nanobelt (TNB) particle suspension was prepared by a hydrogen-bond-driven assembly of pre-hydrolysed fluoroalkylsilane (FAS) on its surface. A one-step electrophoretic deposition was applied to fabricate a transparent cross-aligned superhydrophobic TNB/FAS film on a conducting glass substrate. By controlling the deposition time, we have shown the transition between a “sticky” hydrophobic state (high contact angle with strong adhesion) and a “sliding” superhydrophobic state (high contact angle with weak adhesion). The optical transmittance can reach as high as 80% throughout most of the visible light region of the spectrum. These coatings have also displayed high chemical stability and self-cleaning ability. Upon heating the hydrophobic coatings at 500 °C, the TNB coating transforms into a porous TiO2(B) structure with superhydrophilic behavior and could be used for anti-fogging applications. With this TiO2-based system, we have demonstrated three different wetting states: superhydrophobicity with weak adhesion, high hydrophobicity with strong adhesion, and superhydrophilicity with immediate water spreading. Moreover, this work has also demonstrated superhydrophobic TNB/FAS films with high chemical stability and good self-cleaning performance and superhydrophilic pore-like TiO2(B) films with rapid water spreading and excellent anti-fogging ability.

426 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The convergence of the general algorithm framework is proved under mild assumptions and the algorithms proposed are easy to implement, efficient, stable and flexible enough to cover a wide variety of applications.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a unified primal-dual algorithm framework for two classes of problems that arise from various signal and image processing applications. We also show the connections to existing methods, in particular Bregman iteration (Osher et al., Multiscale Model. Simul. 4(2):460---489, 2005) based methods, such as linearized Bregman (Osher et al., Commun. Math. Sci. 8(1):93---111, 2010; Cai et al., SIAM J. Imag. Sci. 2(1):226---252, 2009, CAM Report 09-28, UCLA, March 2009; Yin, CAAM Report, Rice University, 2009) and split Bregman (Goldstein and Osher, SIAM J. Imag. Sci., 2, 2009). The convergence of the general algorithm framework is proved under mild assumptions. The applications to ? 1 basis pursuit, TV?L 2 minimization and matrix completion are demonstrated. Finally, the numerical examples show the algorithms proposed are easy to implement, efficient, stable and flexible enough to cover a wide variety of applications.

426 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors survey the current production status of several representative post-lithium-ion batteries and offer an industrial-scale manufacturing outlook and evaluate the manufacturing compatibility of each technology with the lithium-ion production infrastructure and discuss the implications for processing costs.
Abstract: Lithium-ion batteries are currently the most advanced electrochemical energy storage technology due to a favourable balance of performance and cost properties Driven by forecasted growth of the electric vehicles market, the cell production capacity for this technology is continuously being scaled up However, the demand for better performance, particularly higher energy densities and/or lower costs, has triggered research into post-lithium-ion technologies such as solid-state lithium metal, lithium–sulfur and lithium–air batteries as well as post-lithium technologies such as sodium-ion batteries Currently, these technologies are being intensively studied with regard to material chemistry and cell design In this Review, we expand on the current knowledge in this field Starting with a market outlook and an analysis of technological differences, we discuss the manufacturing processes of these technologies For each technology, we describe anode production, cathode production, cell assembly and conditioning We then evaluate the manufacturing compatibility of each technology with the lithium-ion production infrastructure and discuss the implications for processing costs Tremendous research progress has been made in the development of post-lithium-ion batteries (PLIBs), yet there is little discussion on the manufacturing of these upcoming technologies In this Review, the authors survey the current production status of several representative PLIBs and offer an industrial-scale manufacturing outlook

425 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
A. Abada1, Marcello Abbrescia2, Marcello Abbrescia3, Shehu S. AbdusSalam4  +1496 moreInstitutions (238)
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the detailed design and preparation of a construction project for a post-LHC circular energy frontier collider in collaboration with national institutes, laboratories and universities worldwide, and enhanced by a strong participation of industrial partners.
Abstract: Particle physics has arrived at an important moment of its history. The discovery of the Higgs boson, with a mass of 125 GeV, completes the matrix of particles and interactions that has constituted the “Standard Model” for several decades. This model is a consistent and predictive theory, which has so far proven successful at describing all phenomena accessible to collider experiments. However, several experimental facts do require the extension of the Standard Model and explanations are needed for observations such as the abundance of matter over antimatter, the striking evidence for dark matter and the non-zero neutrino masses. Theoretical issues such as the hierarchy problem, and, more in general, the dynamical origin of the Higgs mechanism, do likewise point to the existence of physics beyond the Standard Model. This report contains the description of a novel research infrastructure based on a highest-energy hadron collider with a centre-of-mass collision energy of 100 TeV and an integrated luminosity of at least a factor of 5 larger than the HL-LHC. It will extend the current energy frontier by almost an order of magnitude. The mass reach for direct discovery will reach several tens of TeV, and allow, for example, to produce new particles whose existence could be indirectly exposed by precision measurements during the earlier preceding e+e– collider phase. This collider will also precisely measure the Higgs self-coupling and thoroughly explore the dynamics of electroweak symmetry breaking at the TeV scale, to elucidate the nature of the electroweak phase transition. WIMPs as thermal dark matter candidates will be discovered, or ruled out. As a single project, this particle collider infrastructure will serve the world-wide physics community for about 25 years and, in combination with a lepton collider (see FCC conceptual design report volume 2), will provide a research tool until the end of the 21st century. Collision energies beyond 100 TeV can be considered when using high-temperature superconductors. The European Strategy for Particle Physics (ESPP) update 2013 stated “To stay at the forefront of particle physics, Europe needs to be in a position to propose an ambitious post-LHC accelerator project at CERN by the time of the next Strategy update”. The FCC study has implemented the ESPP recommendation by developing a long-term vision for an “accelerator project in a global context”. This document describes the detailed design and preparation of a construction project for a post-LHC circular energy frontier collider “in collaboration with national institutes, laboratories and universities worldwide”, and enhanced by a strong participation of industrial partners. Now, a coordinated preparation effort can be based on a core of an ever-growing consortium of already more than 135 institutes worldwide. The technology for constructing a high-energy circular hadron collider can be brought to the technology readiness level required for constructing within the coming ten years through a focused R&D programme. The FCC-hh concept comprises in the baseline scenario a power-saving, low-temperature superconducting magnet system based on an evolution of the Nb3Sn technology pioneered at the HL-LHC, an energy-efficient cryogenic refrigeration infrastructure based on a neon-helium (Nelium) light gas mixture, a high-reliability and low loss cryogen distribution infrastructure based on Invar, high-power distributed beam transfer using superconducting elements and local magnet energy recovery and re-use technologies that are already gradually introduced at other CERN accelerators. On a longer timescale, high-temperature superconductors can be developed together with industrial partners to achieve an even more energy efficient particle collider or to reach even higher collision energies.The re-use of the LHC and its injector chain, which also serve for a concurrently running physics programme, is an essential lever to come to an overall sustainable research infrastructure at the energy frontier. Strategic R&D for FCC-hh aims at minimising construction cost and energy consumption, while maximising the socio-economic impact. It will mitigate technology-related risks and ensure that industry can benefit from an acceptable utility. Concerning the implementation, a preparatory phase of about eight years is both necessary and adequate to establish the project governance and organisation structures, to build the international machine and experiment consortia, to develop a territorial implantation plan in agreement with the host-states’ requirements, to optimise the disposal of land and underground volumes, and to prepare the civil engineering project. Such a large-scale, international fundamental research infrastructure, tightly involving industrial partners and providing training at all education levels, will be a strong motor of economic and societal development in all participating nations. The FCC study has implemented a set of actions towards a coherent vision for the world-wide high-energy and particle physics community, providing a collaborative framework for topically complementary and geographically well-balanced contributions. This conceptual design report lays the foundation for a subsequent infrastructure preparatory and technical design phase.

425 citations


Authors

Showing all 36075 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Hyun-Chul Kim1764076183227
Klaus Müllen1642125140748
Giacomo Bruno1581687124368
Anders M. Dale156823133891
Holger J. Schünemann141810113169
Joachim Heinrich136130976887
Markus Merschmeyer132118884975
Klaus Ley12949557964
Robert W. Mahley12836360774
Robert J. Kurman12739760277
Bart Barlogie12677957803
Thomas Schwarz12370154560
Carlos Caldas12254773840
Klaus Weber12152460346
Andrey L. Rogach11757646820
Network Information
Related Institutions (5)
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
161.5K papers, 5.7M citations

96% related

University of Zurich
124K papers, 5.3M citations

96% related

University of Amsterdam
140.8K papers, 5.9M citations

95% related

University of Pittsburgh
201K papers, 9.6M citations

95% related

University of California, Irvine
113.6K papers, 5.5M citations

95% related

Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023253
2022831
20213,683
20203,499
20193,236
20182,918