University of Nebraska–Lincoln

About: University of Nebraska–Lincoln is a education organization based out in Lincoln, Nebraska, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 28059 authors who have published 61544 publications receiving 2139104 citations. The organization is also known as: Nebraska & UNL.

Origin and evolution of the octoploid strawberry genome.

Abstract: Cultivated strawberry emerged from the hybridization of two wild octoploid species, both descendants from the merger of four diploid progenitor species into a single nucleus more than 1 million years ago. Here we report a near-complete chromosome-scale assembly for cultivated octoploid strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) and uncovered the origin and evolutionary processes that shaped this complex allopolyploid. We identified the extant relatives of each diploid progenitor species and provide support for the North American origin of octoploid strawberry. We examined the dynamics among the four subgenomes in octoploid strawberry and uncovered the presence of a single dominant subgenome with significantly greater gene content, gene expression abundance, and biased exchanges between homoeologous chromosomes, as compared with the other subgenomes. Pathway analysis showed that certain metabolomic and disease-resistance traits are largely controlled by the dominant subgenome. These findings and the reference genome should serve as a powerful platform for future evolutionary studies and enable molecular breeding in strawberry.

Arising applications of ferroelectric materials in photovoltaic devices

Abstract: The ferroelectric-photovoltaic (FE-PV) device, in which a homogeneous ferroelectric material is used as a light absorbing layer, has been investigated during the past several decades with numerous ferroelectric oxides. The FE-PV effect is distinctly different from the typical photovoltaic (PV) effect in semiconductor p–n junctions in that the polarization electric field is the driving force for the photocurrent in FE-PV devices. In addition, the anomalous photovoltaic effect, in which the voltage output along the polarization direction can be significantly larger than the bandgap of the ferroelectric materials, has been frequently observed in FE-PV devices. However, a big challenge faced by the FE-PV devices is the very low photocurrent output. The research interest in FE-PV devices has been re-spurred by the recent discovery of above-bandgap photovoltage in materials with ferroelectric domain walls, electric switchable diodes and photovoltaic effects, tip-enhanced photovoltaic effects at the nanoscale, and new low-bandgap ferroelectric materials and device design. In this feature article, we reviewed the advance in understanding the mechanisms of the ferroelectric photovoltaic effects and recent progress in improving the photovoltaic device performance, including the emerging approaches of integrating the ferroelectric materials into organic heterojunction photovoltaic devices for very high efficiency PV devices.

Interpolation and Approximation

Abstract: Most engineering and scientific phenomena, such as the surface of a landscape or the continuously changing temperature at a location are inherently infinite in space or time or both. We cannot measure all the data. Generally it is possible to record surface elevation values or the temperature only at some specific locations and times.

The Polar Hydrophobicity of Fluorinated Compounds

Abstract: Fluorine substitution is a powerful tool in bioorganic and medicinal chemistry. The chemical inertness and relatively small size of fluorine 6] coupled with the short C F bond length have made C F substitution attractive for the replacement of a number of functional groups, including C OH, C H, and C=O. Fluorine incorporation into biologically active compounds can alter drug metabolism or enzyme substrate recognition. The hydrophobic nature of fluorinated compounds is also cited for improved transport across the blood± brain barrier. Improved oral bioavailability is seen in some systems where fluorine substitution leads to improved hydrolytic stability. 23±26] Furthermore, replacement of sensitive or reactive groups with fluorinated substituents has led to mechanism-based inhibitors for a wide variety of diseases and to chemotherapeutic drugs. 27±31] Review articles appear regularly on these subjects; some recent examples are given in refs. [9, 27, 32±37].