Showing papers by "University of Nebraska Omaha published in 1989"
TL;DR: The results provide data to help define standards for training and credentialing and suggest that general internists' training in procedural skills should be reexamine.
Abstract: Study objective To determine which of 40 clinical procedures general internists do in their practice, how often these procedures are done, and what training is needed to develop and maintain competence in each. Design Mailed survey. Participants A random sample of 2500 American College of Physicians (ACP) members identified as general internists; 1806 (72%) responded. Of these, we excluded 398 who were board eligible or board certified in a subspecialty and 143 with unknown status. The resulting sample of 1179 was augmented in selected analyses by an additional sample of 199 rural internists. Results General internists did, on average, 16 of the 40 procedures. Practice characteristics markedly affected the number and variety of procedures done. A larger number of different procedures was independently associated with smaller cities, smaller hospitals, younger age, increased hours in patient care, and certain regions of the country. Practice characteristics varied considerably by practice type and location. Many procedures were done infrequently. There was reasonable agreement on the experience needed to attain and maintain competency in each procedure. The majority of respondents favored hospital credentialing for 22 of the 40 procedures. Conclusions General internists do a wide variety of procedures, the number and frequency of which are affected by the characteristics and location of their practice. Despite opinion to the contrary, more recently trained general internists do a wider variety of procedures than older colleagues. These results provide data to help define standards for training and credentialing and suggest that we should reexamine general internists' training in procedural skills.
83 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that older daughters and subordinate females may be capable of expressing normal ovarian function in the presence of a breeding adult female, and this finding may account for two unusual observations in the lion tamarin: the high level of female‐female aggression and the existence of groups in the wild with more than one actively breeding female.
Abstract: Reproductive activity is limited to only one female in many species of callitrichid primates (marmosets and tamarins): daughters and subordinate females do not produce offspring. A suppression of ovulatory cyclicity is responsible for the lack of reproductive activity in three species of callitrichids studied to date. This study evaluated the endocrine status of golden lion tamarins (Leontopithecus rosalia) housed as daughters or sons in family groups and of individuals housed in isosexual peer groups. Daughters 17 months of age and older and a subordinate female had high levels of estrogen excretion. Mean levels of estrogen excretion in these females were similar to those of nonpregnant, breeding adult females (17.14 ± 6.82 versus 11.93 ± 6.33 μg/mg creatinine, respectively). Estrogen profiles were similar to those of breeding adult females, with sinusoidal cycles in estrogen excretion. Younger daughters in family groups (10 and 12 months old) showed markedly lower levels of estrogen excretion (0.84 ± 0.58 μg/mg creatinine). Estrogen profiles lacked the sinusoidal nature of cycles in older daughters and breeding females, and elevations in estrogen excretion occurred frequently and remained elevated for 1 or 2 days. Plasma testosterone levels in males varied widely, but mean concentrations did not differ among males housed in different social conditions. These results suggest that older daughters and subordinate females may be capable of expressing normal ovarian function in the presence of a breeding adult female. This finding may account for two unusual observations in the lion tamarin: the high level of female-female aggression and the presence of groups in the wild with more than one actively breeding female.
76 citations
TL;DR: The hydrogels, a new class of ureteral stent material, promise to enhance the applicability and utility of the self-retained internal uretera stent.
74 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that female intolerance of conspecifics may be important in the regulation of sociosexual relationships in breeding pairs, and that female-female reproductive competition is particularly extreme in this species.
72 citations
01 Jan 1989
70 citations
TL;DR: Nonunion of the clavicle has been among the most responsive of nonunions in the experience, since all fractures treated by adequate reduction and fixation healed promptly.
Abstract: Fifteen adult patients with clavicular nonunions were evaluated over a 10-year period. Fourteen of these patients were treated initially with a "figure-of-eight" clavicle strap. Seven presented with narrowing of the costoclavicular space, and symptoms of intermittent brachial plexus impingement or thoracic outlet syndrome. Two of these resulted from resection of the mid-portion of the clavicle with subsequent impingement from hypertrophy of the lateral stump. Most commonly, hypertrophic nonunion of the clavicle caused the thoracic outlet syndrome, frequently many months after the initial injury. This delayed onset led to diagnostic confusion with other causes of radiating upper extremity pain, including cervical disc disease. Treatment of the adult clavicle fracture is different from that of the child with potential for greater functional impairment. The "figure-of-eight" harness frequently does not provide pain relief or adequate reduction of the fracture. If an acutely displaced fracture in an adult cannot be reduced and held by closed casting technique, open reduction and internal fixation may occasionally be indicated. We have found transcortical fixation by locking Knowles pins to be effective for treating hypertrophic nonunions, as well as for unreducible acute fractures. Atrophic nonunions require plate fixation and autologous grafting. Nonunion of the clavicle has been among the most responsive of nonunions in our experience, since all fractures treated by adequate reduction and fixation healed promptly.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
68 citations
TL;DR: Ten genomic DNA probes, subcloned from inserts derived from a phage library constructed from the DNA of flow-sorted chromosomes, have been mapped to locations within 15q11-15q13 and can be used in most PWS patients to analyze the region of proximal 15q implicated in this syndrome.
Abstract: Ten genomic DNA probes, subcloned from inserts derived from a phage library constructed from the DNA of flow-sorted chromosomes, have now been mapped to locations within 15q11–15q13. By dosage blotting and densitometry, 5 of these probes map to the 15q11.2–15q12 segment missing in one 15 chromosome of a Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) patient with a prominent cytological deletion. A sixth probe most likely maps to the same region. The other 4 probes map outside of this segment but within 15q11–15q13. Several of the 15q11.2–15q12 probes, and a cDNA probe homologous to one, have been used to test the DNA from 8 patients exhibiting a wide range of the clinical manifestations expected for PWS patients. DNA deletion was observed in all 3 patients with cytological 15q1 deletions as well as in a patient with an unbalanced (Y;15) translocation. DNA from 1 PWS patient with an unbalanced (5; 15) translocation and an inverted duplication of the short arm and proximal long arm of 15 showed at least 1 and possibly 2 extra copies of each genomic probe tested. In the other 3 patients with no cytological deletions, no DNA deletions were found. Thus, the molecular probes described can be used in most PWS patients to analyze the region of proximal 15q implicated in this syndrome.
66 citations
TL;DR: Investigation of the hypothesis that Mongolian gerbils contribute to their individual fitness while living as non-breeders in their natal family group found that prior experience with younger siblings affected reproductive performance.
66 citations
TL;DR: SEM characteristics earlier assigned to bladder tumours were detected in patients with interstitial cystitis and, at a lower frequency, also in control patients, and the mucin layer covering the urothelial cells seemed reduced in interstitial Cystitis compared with control specimens.
Abstract: Summary— Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed on transurethral resection biopsies from 13 patients with classic interstitial cystitis. Biopsies from 9 patients with stress incontinence served as controls. The SEM appearance of the bladder surface in interstitial cystitis varied considerably, exhibiting small round and large polygonal cells. The proportion of cells displaying round uniform and pleomorphic microvilli was high and sometimes dominated the area examined. SEM characteristics earlier assigned to bladder tumours were detected in patients with interstitial cystitis and, at a lower frequency, also in control patients. The mucin layer covering the urothelial cells seemed reduced in interstitial cystitis compared with control specimens. Surface characteristics specific for interstitial cystitis were, however, not detected by SEM.
57 citations
TL;DR: For example, this paper found that participants generally perceived messages reflecting advanced design logics and goal structures as being most effective at projecting desired identities and preserving relationships, however, the effects for goal structure were qualified by interactions with gender and interpersonal cognitive complexity.
Abstract: Sexual amassment of employees by organizational superiors is a significant and all too common problem in the workplace. Victims of harassment typically want to achieve a variety of instrumental, relational, and identity management goals. The present study tested the perceived effectiveness of different messages with respect to several of these goals. Messages varied systematically with respect to what O'Keefe (1988) has termed “design logic” and “goal structure.” Participants (N= 577) generally perceived messages reflecting advanced design logics and goal structures as being most effective at projecting desired identities and preserving relationships. However, the effects for goal structure were qualified by interactions with gender and interpersonal cognitive complexity. Significantly, none of the messages were perceived as particularly effective at stopping the Liarasser's offensive conduct. These results are discussed in terms of their implications for both O'Keefe's analysis of messages and the management of sexual harassment in the workplace.
44 citations
TL;DR: This article examined the connection between race and attitudes toward crime and found that race was a significant factor only on attitudes toward court harshness and use of wiretaps once other factors were controlled.
TL;DR: A death anxiety scale and a measure of intrinsic religious motivation were completed by 103 older white men and the correlation of scale scores was nonsignificant but other elements of religiosity, such as religious behaviors, may be related to elements of death anxiety.
Abstract: A death anxiety scale and a measure of intrinsic religious motivation were completed by 103 older white men. The correlation of scale scores was nonsignificant. Afterlife items on the death anxiety scale did correlate significantly with the intrinsic religious motivation score. Other elements of religiosity, such as religious behaviors, may be related to elements of death anxiety.
TL;DR: If extracapsular lens extraction enhances the ability of common bacteria to infect the anterior segment of the eye and if the posterior lens capsule acts as a protective barrier denying the infectious process access to the vitreous body, it is found that it does not predispose the eye to bacterial endophthalmitis if the anterior lens capsule remains intact.
TL;DR: The ability of zero-stress simulations, using Gordon-Kim pair potentials, to describe the structures and transformations of known fluoride-based perovskites was demonstrated in this article.
Abstract: The ability of zero-stress simulations, using Gordon-Kim pair potentials, to describe the structures and transformations of known fluoride-based perovskites is demonstrated for the case of ${\mathrm{KCaF}}_{3}$. When ${\mathrm{K}}^{+}$ is replaced by ${\mathrm{Na}}^{+}$ a new ferroelectric crystal isomorphous with ${\mathrm{LiNbO}}_{3}$ is predicted. The equivalent relationships of the ferroelectric lithium niobate structure with the perovskite and antiperovskite structures are examined. A polarization of 21 \ensuremath{\mu}C/${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ at room temperature and a transition temperature of 550 K are predicted for ${\mathrm{NaCaF}}_{3}$. Surface effects are examined in simulations of a 1080-ion cluster.
TL;DR: A relative lack of heterogeneity among dinoflagellates was observed despite large geographic separations of source populations in the east coast of Canada and the United States by as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Relationships among dinoflagellates of the genus Alexandrium (=Protogonyaulax) from Long Island, New England, USA, and northeastern Canada were investigated between 1983 and 1987 using enzyme electrophoresis. A relative lack of heterogeneity among toxic isolates was observed despite large geographic separations of source populations. This observation is in marked contrast to observations on toxic members of this genus from the west coast of Canada and the United States. These different enzyme variability patterns support the proposal that dispersal of toxic strains in the east from a common source has occurred recently, presumably from established populations in northern Maine, USA, or Canada. Non-toxic strains from the study area were only distantly related to toxic isolates, consistent with their different morphology and separate species designations. One non-toxic isolate from a different region, that is conspecific with a number of the toxic strains, was more similar to these isolates than to other non-toxic clones.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors tested the hypothesis that tasks requiring the use of explicit forms of memory are sensitive developmental and individual differences, whereas tasks requiring implicit memory are not, and found significant effects of grade and subject group being observed with explicit memory tasks (naming speed, free recall, and cued recall), but no differences on a fragment completion task.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The intravenous route had the greatest effect and was associated with the highest serum levels of UG, which has implications for the mechanism of the trophic effect of Ug on the intestinal epithelium.
TL;DR: There were no significant differences between heterosexual and homosexual subjects in the likelihood of their exhibiting elevated LH concentrations following exogenous estrogens, but T, but not DHT, concentrations were suppressed after Premarin injection in both groups of subjects.
TL;DR: Intracoronary PGE2 and arachidonic acid inhibit the baroreflex control of heart rate most likely via stimulation of left ventricular receptors with vagal C-fiber afferents, secondary to synthesis of prostaglandins.
Abstract: Prostaglandin (PG) I2 and PGE2 are known to stimulate left ventricular receptors with nonmyelinated vagal afferents. The present experiments were performed to determine the effects of intracoronary infusion of PGE2 (10-50 ng.kg-1.min-1) and arachidonic acid (50-100 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) on the baroreflex control of heart rate in conscious dogs. Dogs were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium and were instrumented using sterile surgical techniques. After recovery, baroreflex pressure-heart rate curves were constructed by varying arterial pressure with partial occlusions of the descending aorta or inferior vena cava. Intracoronary infusion of PGE2 significantly inhibited the maximum heart rate achieved during unloading of baroreceptors, attenuated the heart rate range, and decreased the maximum slope of the baroreflex curve; PGE2 had no significant effect on the minimum heart rate during hypertension. Intravenous infusion of PGE2 did not cause significant baroreflex inhibition, and pericoronary nerve block in three dogs prevented the effects of intracoronary PGE2. Intracoronary infusion of arachidonic acid had effects on the baroreflex control of heart rate similar to those of PGE2. The effects of arachidonic acid infusion were prevented by cyclooxygenase blockade. Thus intracoronary PGE2 and arachidonic acid inhibit the baroreflex control of heart rate most likely via stimulation of left ventricular receptors with vagal C-fiber afferents. The effects of arachidonic acid were secondary to synthesis of prostaglandins.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed voice identification studies as they relate to the Neil v. Biggers (1972) criteria for evaluating reliability of an identification: witness' opportunity to listen, degree of attention, accuracy of prior description of voice and degree of certainty, and extent of delay of identification test.
Abstract: We reviewed voice identification studies as they relate to the Neil v. Biggers (1972) criteria for evaluating reliability of an identification: witness' opportunity to listen, degree of attention, accuracy of prior description of voice, degree of certainty, and extent of delay of identification test. Only the first two and last of these criteria appear to have much validity in making assessments as to the accuracy of an earwitness report. Even so, experimental psychologists do not yet have enough information to recommend how these three criteria might be applied with precision and sophistication.
TL;DR: A protocol for managing intact family groups by the successful reintegration of expelled tamarins back to their natal group is described; this method requires direct and progressive contact of an expelled individual with their family group.
Abstract: Intrafamily aggression poses a critical problem in the captive maintenance of callitrichid social groups. Group cohesion and individual health is threatened by aggressive altercations. This paper discusses several aspects of lion tamarin aggression. To investigate the demography of intrafamily aggression in golden lion tamarins, we reviewed instances of family-group aggression from our facilities and we solicited data from facilities around the world. The sex and reproductive status of tamarins that initiated and received aggressive attacks and a description of the nature and severity of injuries inflicted during aggressive altercations are documented. In lion tamarins, aggressive interactions between members of a social group are severe: 20.5% of such encounters resulted in the death of an individual. Juvenile males were found to be the most likely targets of injurious aggression (50.6% of all attacks), and juvenile females also accounted for a significant proportion of attacks (38.5% of attacks). Juvenile males, adult females, and juvenile females were most likely to initiate attacks, while adult males rarely initiated attacks on family members. A protocol for managing intact family groups by the successful reintegration of expelled tamarins back to their natal group is also described; this method requires direct and progressive contact of an expelled individual with their family group. This procedure has not proven successful for reintroducing hand-reared infants to a social group.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: There was a striking attention deficit that correlated well with the accuracy of counting rare tones and the alterations in various components of the late auditory event-related brain potential and Electroencephalogram (EEG) beta activity increased while alpha activity decreased following midazolam.
Abstract: Our studies on the effects of subhypnotic doses of midazolam in healthy adult volunteers have been extended with special emphasis on clinical electrophysiological endpoints of sedation and attention coupled with various tests of memory We measured the many components of the P300 event-related brain potential to infrequent (rare) tones Midazolam HCl was given in a dose of 02 mg/kg iv three times at approximately 15-minute intervals after obtaining baseline electrophysiological recordings and memory test results Marked individual variation was observed with these small doses of midazolam Some subjects were markedly sedated, whereas others showed relatively little sedation Electroencephalogram (EEG) beta activity increased while alpha activity decreased following midazolam Even though the subjects given midazolam were awake, there was a striking attention deficit that correlated well with the accuracy of counting rare tones and the alterations in various components of the late auditory event-related brain potential
TL;DR: The authors examined the job satisfaction and quality of work life of 117 municipal clerks from small cities in Nebraska and found that the clerks had a high level of job satisfaction, eventhough the...
Abstract: This study examined the job satisfaction and quality of work life of 117 municipal clerksfrom small cities in Nebraska. It found that the clerks had a high level of job satisfaction, eventhough the...
TL;DR: Test de l'hypothese que la presence d'une femelle reduit la mortalite des œufs de sa couvee étude des changements de comportement des femelles couveuses selon les conditions hydriques auxquelles elle est soumise.
TL;DR: This study analyzed pharmacy patrons' responses in the state of Washington to determine which pharmacy attributes were important in choosing a pharmacy and how well their present pharmacy fulfilled their wants and needs compared to competitive pharmacies.
Abstract: This study analyzed pharmacy patrons' responses in the state of Washington to determine which pharmacy attributes were important in choosing a pharmacy. The patrons were also asked how well their present pharmacy fulfilled their wants and needs and how well their present pharmacy fulfilled their wants and needs compared to competitive pharmacies. The level of satisfaction with the pharmacy and shopping loyalty were also assessed. The data were analyzed using discriminant analysis to determine if the satisfaction level of a pharmacy's patrons could be predicted based on their responses to particular pharmacy attribute statements. Cluster analysis was performed to determine if subpopulations of pharmacy patrons, that differ by shopper orientation, exist in the population.
TL;DR: In this paper, a compilation map of Tertiary structures in the Upper Paleozoic through Mesozoic platform cover strata of Nordenskiold Land is presented, where the map pattern is both a function of local structural plunge and changes in fold geometry along strike.
Abstract: Air photo interpretation along with limited field work is the basis of a compilation map of Tertiary structures in the Upper Paleozoic through Mesozoic platform cover strata of Nordenskiold Land. Permian Kapp Starostin Formation strata form a continuous marker horizon delineating both a large NE-verging fold complex, which involves the basement (Hecla Hoek sequence) through basal Tertiary strata, and somewhat smaller scale folds, some of which may have formed in association with detachments and thrusts within the platform cover sequence. The map pattern is both a function of local structural plunge and changes in fold geometry along strike. Regional considerations suggest that subsurface basement-involved thrusts exist. In S Nordenskiold Land, to the E of folded Kapp Starostin Formation strata, a 3.5 km wide zone of folding and thrusting in Triassic and Jurassic strata above a subhorizontal decollement is inferred to occur. Further E is the W limb of the central Tertiary basin syncline.
TL;DR: The Supanberget area, situated in the southern part of the Tertiary Spitsbergen fold-and-thrust belt, occupies a position mainly within the central zone of the belt, characterized by basement-involved thrusting, but includes part of an eastern foreland zone of detached, thin-skinned thrust tectonics.
Abstract: The Supanberget area, situated in the southern part of the Tertiary Spitsbergen fold-and-thrust belt, occupies a position mainly within the central zone of the belt, characterized by basement-involved thrusting, but includes part of an eastern foreland zone of detached, thin-skinned thrust tectonics. The peculiar feature of Supanberget is the thrust- ‘sliced’ tectonic style that deforms a previously tightly folded basement-cover contact. Foreland structures indicate the additional presence of a subsurface detachment at a deeper structural level. Contrasts in magnitude and orientation of basement anisotropics may control lateral changes in tectonic style.
TL;DR: This paper assessed the relationship between justifiable homicide rates and deadly force rates and found that the two measures are not producing similar patterns of variation across cities and thus cannot be used interchangeably to analyze factors related to the use of deadly force by police.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Thrombelastography enabled us to rapidly evaluate the patient's coagulation status and to monitor her response to goal-directed therapeutic interventions (surgery, specific blood product therapy and epsilon-aminocaproic acid).
Abstract: Multiple pelvic fractures and explosive-type uterine lacerations occurred in a previously healthy 17-year-old primigravida involved in a motor vehicle accident. The fetus suffered a crushed skull and was completely extruded with the placenta from the uterus. Treatment was complicated by severe disseminated intravascular coagulation with secondary fibrinolysis. Thrombelastography enabled us to rapidly evaluate the patient's coagulation status and to monitor her response to goal-directed therapeutic interventions (surgery, specific blood product therapy and epsilon-aminocaproic acid). Language: en