Showing papers by "University of Nevada, Reno published in 1974"
TL;DR: Differences in time of daily activity were found between potential competitors demonstrating a degree of temporal isolation and time after sunset and amount of moonlight were the two most important factors correlated to rodent activity.
Abstract: Twelve species of nocturnal rodents were studied on a 2.7-hectare plot of sagebrush desert in west-central Nevada. Six species, Dipodomys merriami, D. ordii, D. panamintinus, D. microps, Onychomys torridus, and Peromyscus maniculatus, were active throughout the year. Four species, Perognathus longimembris, P. formosus, Microdipodops megacephalus, and Reithrodontomys megalotis, hibernated and were active only in spring, summer, and autumn. Onychomys leucogaster and Neotoma lepida were trapped intermittently throughout the year but were not permanent residents of the area. Differences in time of daily activity were found between potential competitors demonstrating a degree of temporal isolation. Time after sunset and amount of moonlight were the two most important factors correlated to rodent activity. Ambient temperature, wind, cloud cover, precipitation, and water vapor pressure had little effect on activity except when extreme conditions prevailed. (auth)
124 citations
TL;DR: A provisional outline of tectonic and volcanic events in the Peruvian Andes during the Cenozoic includes: one or more pulses of igneous activity and intense deformation during the Paleocene and Eocene; a period of quiescence, lasting most of Oligocene time; reinception of Tectonism and volcanism at the beginning of the Miocene; and a major pulse of deformation in the Middle Miocene accompanied and followed through the Pliocene by intense volcanism and plutonism.
111 citations
72 citations
46 citations
TL;DR: Parents of adolescents with low self-esteem perceived their communication with their spouses as less facilitative, and rated their marriages as less satisfying, than did parents in the High Self-Esteem Group.
Abstract: Summary One hundred and eleven subjects, 14 and 15 years of age, were administered the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory and two questionnaires, modified from Bienvenu's Adolescent Communication Inventory, eliciting adolescents’ perceptions of their communication with both parents. The 10 males and 10 females with the highest self-esteem scores, and the 10 males and 10 females with the lowest scores were identified to form two groups: the High Self-Esteem Group and the Low Self-Esteem Group. Parents of these students completed questionnaires concerning parent-adolescent communication and marital communication and adjustment. The five hypotheses tested were strongly supported. Adolescents with low self-esteem viewed communication with their parents as less facilitative than did adolescents with high self-esteem. Parents of adolescents with low self-esteem perceived their communication with their spouses as less facilitative, and rated their marriages as less satisfying, than did parents in the High Self-Es...
44 citations
43 citations
TL;DR: The Eureka Valley Tuff consists of two major ash-flow sheets and a local overlying sequence of ashflow tuff erupted from vents within the Little Walker caldera 11 mi west-northwest of Bridgeport, in east-central California as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The Eureka Valley Tuff consists of two major ash-flow sheets and a local over-lying sequence of ash-flow tuff erupted from vents within the Little Walker caldera 11 mi west-northwest of Bridgeport, in east-central California. The lower of the two major ash-flow sheets, here named the Tollhouse Flat Member, is the “biotite-augite-latite” of Ransome (1898). The overlying By-Day Member can readily be identified by the absence of phenocrystic biotite and by paleomagnetic and other petrographic criteria. The recognition of the distinctive By-Day Member above the Tollhouse Flat Member both in the Bridgeport area and west of the Sierra crest unequivocally demonstrates the generally accepted correlation of the latitic ash-flow tuffs of the two areas. K-Ar age determinations indicate that the three members of the Eureka Valley Tuff were erupted within a very short interval of time about 9.5 m.y. ago.
30 citations
TL;DR: In this article, 10 monolingual adult speakers of Czech were asked to label elliptical and triangular figures of different size with phonetic nonsense syllables, and the purpose of the study was to obtain evidence in s...
Abstract: 10 monolingual adult speakers of Czech were asked to label elliptical and triangular figures of different size with phonetic nonsense syllables. The purpose of the study was to obtain evidence in s...
28 citations
TL;DR: All antigens were immunogenic over a wider dosage range when contained in adjuvant and varied widely in the amount of antibody produced, with some of the animals producing no detectable antibody.
Abstract: Mice were immunized with purifiedCryptococcus neoformans soluble polysaccharide, or with the polysaccharide coupled to methylated bovine serum albumin or methylated bovine gamma globulin. The polysaccharide-methylated protein complexes were no more immunogenic than the purified polysaccharide when used without Freund's incomplete adjuvant; however, the methylated protein complexes induced higher levels of antibody than purified polysaccharide when emulsified in the adjuvant. Sera from mice were titrated by passive hemagglutination, and maximum antibody titers were observed 14 to 21 days after immunization. Antibody titers declined rapidly after 14 to 21 days in mice immunized with antigen alone; whereas, animals immunized with cryptococcal antigen emulsified in adjuvant remained at peak levels throughout a six week experimental period. All antigens were immunogenic over a wider dosage range when contained in adjuvant. Individual mice immunized with an adjuvant emulsion of purified polysaccharide varied widely in the amount of antibody produced, with some of the animals producing no detectable antibody.
25 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a collision model for the vibrational relaxation of hydrogen fluoride at low temperatures is proposed, where the molecules are considered to undergo oscillatory motion about their equilibrium orientations.
24 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, interference effects in the collision of a molecule with two incident particles have been examined using the classical approach to vibrational energy transfer, and it was shown that strong interference effects could arise in collisions in which the collision frequency and the vibrational frequency are comparable in magnitude.
TL;DR: The frequency of the specific locus (Y 11 ) mutations increased parallel to the frequency of total abnormalities, indicating that chromosomal processes are as vulnerable to the effects of radiations as the processes leading to the production of point mutations.
TL;DR: In this paper, it is hypothesized that interacting groups who are aware of a help-demanding situation actually focus the responsibility and therefore take action as a group more rapidly than will a non-interacting group.
Abstract: The ‘diffusion of responsibility’ hypothesis as an explanation of helping behavior (or lack of same) is qualified by suggesting that the hypothesis applies only in non-interacting situations. It is hypothesized that interacting groups who are aware of a help-demanding situation actually focus the responsibility and, therefore, take action as a group more rapidly than will a non-interacting group. Evidence is gathered in a contrived help-demanding situation employing a 2 × 3 (sex × condition) in which three conditions — alone, non-interacting (pseudo) groups, and interacting groups — are used. The evidence substantiates the major hypothesis. Speculation is also presented concerning the relationship of the ‘alone’ condition to the interacting and non-interacting groups and concerning sex effects.
TL;DR: The properties of the chromium complex(es) from lucerne are different from those reported for the “glucose tolerance factor” and for other trace elements in plants.
Abstract: Chromium in lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) exists as one or more anionic complexes of approximate molecular weight 2900. They migrate as a single band on paper electrophoresis and during anion exchange chromatography. The properties of the chromium complex(es) from lucerne are different from those reported for the “glucose tolerance factor” and for other trace elements in plants.
TL;DR: In this paper, the activation energy for surface selfdiffusion of several of the refractory transition metals when carbon or silicon is present on the surface show large increases which are dependent on the degree of surface coverage.
TL;DR: A high percentage of children had not been immunized while the rate of childhoon diseases was higher among the study population than is found in the United States as a whole.
TL;DR: External opercular cysts were observed in cutthroat trout, Salmo clarki henshawii affected with whirling disease and revealed numerous spores of Myxosoma cerebralis in their lumen and walls.
Abstract: External opercular cysts were observed in cutthroat trout, Salmo clarki henshawii affected with whirling disease. Microscopic examination of the cysts revealed numerous spores of Myxosoma cerebralis in their lumen and walls. Rupture of these cysts may provide a method of whirling disease transmission from live infected fish.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider the conceptual criteria for risk taking to be subjective recognition on the part of the risk taker that something is or will be at stake and take action which by its nature makes the stake irreversible and which in its normal course will lead to outcomes.
Abstract: the CDQ has led to a waning interest in and criticism of the-topic of group influences on risk taking. It is our position that the understanding of the social psychology of risk taking including group influence on risk taking is valuable and should not be abandoned, and that new, more adequate paradigms in the laboratory and in the field can further understanding in that regard. Although a full discussion of the concept of risk is impossible here, it is possible to describe briefly what the authors consider the conceptual criteria for risk taking to be. First, there must be subjective recognition on the part of the risk taker that something is or will be at stake. This necessarily includes awareness on the part of the individual that he is or will be engaging in risk taking behavior. Second, the individual must take action which by its nature makes the stake irreversible and which in its normal course will lead to outcomes.
TL;DR: A considerable savings in time is achieved using the proposed procedure for the routine preparation of erythrocytes using centrifugation of a layer of diluted whole blood through isoosmotic sucrose of slightly less specific gravity than ery Throcytes.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate methodological issues in the estimation of wage equations that become particularly important with distributed lag models, and show that the results are sensitive to specification, i.e., variables smoothed versus unsmoothed and variables regarded as endogenous versus exogenous, and there is marked instability in the wage equation under any specification considered.
Abstract: This article investigates methodological issues in the estimation of wage equations that become particularly important with distributed lag models. Both analytical and empirical results illustrate the seriousness of these issues. In particular, empirical results for 1950–70 and two subperiods indicate that the results are sensitive to specification, i.e., variables smoothed versus unsmoothed and variables regarded as endogenous versus exogenous, and that there is marked instability in the wage equation under any specification considered.
TL;DR: A picture-description task was used to study the comparative effectiveness of communication between deaf subjects using American Sign Language, and hearing subjects using spoken English, and found the frequency of errors did not differ significantly between signing and speaking subjects.
Abstract: A picture-description task was used to study the comparative effectiveness of communication between deaf subjects using American Sign Language, and hearing subjects using spoken English: 16 deaf, native users of American Sign Language and 16 hearing, native users of English. All subjects were university undergraduate students. Within the two groups, paired subjects alternately described pictures to each other. Pictures illustrated three different characters assuming in turn the roles of agent, object, and indirect object. Following a description by Subject1, Subject2 selected the picture he or she thought Subject1 had described, from a set of 6 pictures containing the described picture. The frequency of errors did not differ significantly between signing and speaking subjects.
TL;DR: In this article, a magnetically insulated coaxial capacitor of toroidal geometry is proposed which promises the attainment of gigavolt potentials, and the charging does not require a high-energy electron accelerator but can simply be performed inductively within a fraction of a second.
Abstract: A magnetically insulated coaxial capacitor of toroidal geometry is proposed which promises the attainment of gigavolt potentials. In contrast to earlier ideas employing the concept of magnetic insulation the proposed device does not depend on superconductors. Furthermore, also in contrast to earlier proposals, the charging does not require a high-energy electron accelerator but can simply be, performed inductively within a fraction of a second. The short charging time is of importance because magnetic insulation may prevent break-down only on a comparatively, small time scale. The energy of the device is discharged in the form of an intense relativistic electron beam with beam voltages and energy outputs many orders of magnitude larger than what is presently possible with Marx generators. The two most important applications of this machine seem to be in the field of thermonuclear fusion and the collective acceleration of ions up to energies of 103 GeV. Other applications are the generation of intense meson beams, gamma-ray flash tubes, the pumping of high-power lasers and ultrastrong microwave pulse generators.
TL;DR: In a choice situation in which rats could obtain rewards by barpressing or freely, an examination was made of the following seven deprivation-reward groups: food-food, food-water,Food-sucrose, Food-saccharin, water-water
Abstract: In a choice situation in which rats could obtain rewards by barpressing or freely, an examination was made of the following seven deprivation-reward groups: food-food, food-water, food-sucrose, food-saccharin, water-water, water-sucrose, and water-saccharin. The food-food, food-sucrose, water-water, and water-sucrose groups preferred to obtain the rewards by barpressing. The water-saccharin group preferred the free reward. The remaining two groups did not learn to press the bar. Implications for the theory that barpressing has an intrinsic attractiveness for rats are discussed.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue for the importance of economy in the analysis of sociocultural development and argue that the economic viewpoint must be holistic enough to uncover the intricate web of interaction.
Abstract: Japanese, however, is yet to be seen. There are indications in the growing citizens' movements to curb industrial destruction of the environment, disenchantment with the social irresponsibility of the oligarchic interests, increasing governmental supports for the aged, and, more recently, violent riots by the public at the work-to-rule action of a major railway workers' union that the attitudes of the Japanese, especially those in large urban centers, are indeed gradually moving toward what seem to be Western parallels. By pointing to these indications, I do not imply that Japan will eventually transform into another Western type society. I do insist, however, that modem industrialism, aimed at the control of an ever expanding world market, cannot but effect certain profound social conflicts and subsequent changes in people's outlook that characterize many Western societies. This outlook may be neither totally Western nor purely Japanese, however they are to be reconstructed, but some mixture, amalgam, or synthesis of the two. In short, I argue, in contrast to Professor Hsu, for the importance of economy in the analysis of sociocultural development. The relationship between values and industrialization may appear more complicated elsewhere in the non-Western world, however. The complication arises chiefly from the indisputable fact that today the non-Western societies are confronted with the task of industrialization in the presence of and competition with highly developed industrial economies, mainly of the West. Industrialization is no longer an isolated or autonomous process, and powerful Western (and Japanese!) capital is establishing industries all over the world. The non-Western societies that are yet to shake off the colonial past are therefore faced with the increasing danger of deepening underdevelopment and satellite status. In these conditions, we may very well be presented with a case in which all the major industries of a society are of foreign origin, while the people who work for them draw little benefits to alter and improve their life. We must arm ourselves against the possibility of using a case of this sort as evidence for the coexistence of industrialism and a nonWestern value system. To conclude, the economic viewpoint must be holistic enough to uncover the intricate web of interaction
TL;DR: In this paper, the photooxydation des Hemopyrrols in Methanol ergab 3-Athyl-5methoxy-4,5-dimethyl-3-pyrrolin-2-on, 3.
TL;DR: The Pacific Northwest as one planning region does not appear to have a shortage of physicians, however, a serious misallocation of physicians within the region prevails.
Abstract: TEEPLY RISING medical costs and the inaccessibility of health care to residents in the rural areas are causes of growing concern in this country. The Comprehensive Health Planning Act of 1966 and the Partnership for Health Amendments of 1967 reflect this public concern about the present allocation of health care resources. These acts establish a mechanism for comprehensive areawide and statewide planning that can identify health problems and establish priorities in the allocation of resources. Both a general understanding and specific estimates of the basic behavior relations of the
01 Jan 1974
TL;DR: In this article, the fission chain reaction and the fusion process are coupled in a bootstrap mode in order to increase the energy output of a fast breeder reactor or for a rocket propulsion.
Abstract: The compression of a pellet consisting of fissionable material, such as U233, U235 or Pu239, to high densities by a laser (or possibly relativistic electron-) beam induced implosion, will lead to very small critical masses The critical mass can be furthermore substantially reduced by simultaneously compressing the pellet together with a neutron reflector By this method microfission-explosions can be triggered which can be used for controlled power production as for a safe fast breeder reactor or for rocket propulsion In addition, if the neutron reflector consists of thermonuclear material, such as T-D, the controlled release of thermonuclear energy becomes possible In this case the fission chain reaction not only will assist in the ignition of the thermonuclear reaction but in turn the neutrons released in the fusion process will accelerate the fission chain reaction to a very fast pace Both processes, the fission chain reaction and the fusion process are thus coupled in a bootstrap mode greatly increasing the energy output
TL;DR: In this paper, a methodology is developed to express the shape and profile of the rising limb, crest segment, and recession limb of a surface runoff hydrograph in algebraic terms.
Abstract: Bloomsberg’s equation for the description of surface runoff hydrographs is modified and a methodology is developed to express the shape and profile of rising limb, crest segment, and recession limb of a hydrograph in algebraic terms. Variables of concern for such a description include time to peak, peak rate of runoff, point of recession, recession constant, and the percentage ratio of flow volumes in recession to the total volume of surface runoff. A computerized procedure, based on the derived formulations and working rules, would facilitate tracing of the surface runoff hydrograph free of reliance on graphical procedures. The method is applied to nine arbitrarily chosen drainage areas in the Great Basin region in order to investigate the reproducibility of observed unimodal flood hydrograph events.