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Institution

University of Nevada, Reno

EducationReno, Nevada, United States
About: University of Nevada, Reno is a education organization based out in Reno, Nevada, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 13561 authors who have published 28217 publications receiving 882002 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Nevada & Nevada State University.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Cancer of the Esophagus shows an increasing occurrence of adenocarcinoma in the lower third of the esophagus and is frequently associated with Barrett's esophageal cancer.
Abstract: Background: The last two decades have seen changes in the prevalence, histologic type, and management algorithms for patients with esophageal cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presentation, stage distribution, and treatment of patients with esophageal cancer using the National Cancer Database of the American College of Surgeons. Study Design: Consecutively accessed patients (n = 5,044) with esophageal cancer from 828 hospitals during 1994 were evaluated in 1997 for case mix, diagnostic tests, and treatment modalities. Results: The mean age of patients was 67.3 years with a male to female ratio of 3:1; non-Hispanic Caucasians made up most patients. Only 16.6% reported no tobacco use. Dysphagia (74%), weight loss (57.3%), gastrointestinal reflux (20.5%), odynophagia (16.6%), and dyspnea (12.1%) were the most common symptoms. Approximately 50% of patients had the tumor in the lower third of the esophagus. Of all patients, 51.6% had squamous cell histology and 41.9% had adenocarcinoma. Barrett's esophagus occurred in 777 patients, or 39% of those with adenocarcinoma. Of those patients that underwent surgery initially, pathology revealed stage I (13.3%), II (34.7%), III (35.7%), and IV (12.3%) disease. For patients with various stages of squamous cell cancer, radiation therapy plus chemotherapy were the most common treatment modalities (39.5%) compared with surgery plus adjuvant therapy (13.2%). For patients with adenocarcinoma, surgery plus adjuvant therapy were the most common treatment methods. Disease-specific overall survival at 1 year was 43%, ranging from 70% to 18% from stages I to IV. Conclusions: Cancer of the esophagus shows an increasing occurrence of adenocarcinoma in the lower third of the esophagus and is frequently associated with Barrett's esophagus. Choice of treatment was influenced by tumor histology and tumor site. Multimodality (neoadjuvant) therapy was the most common treatment method for patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma. The use of multimodality treatment did not appear to increase postoperative morbidity.

441 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that lumenal ERAD substrates are exported from the yeast ER to the cytoplasm for degradation by the proteasome complex.
Abstract: Until recently, the degradation of aberrant and unassembled proteins retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) was thought to involve unidentified ER-localized proteases. We now show that the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) of two mutant proteins that accumulate in the ER lumen is inhibited in a proteasome-defective yeast strain and when cytosol from this mutant is used in an in vitro assay. In addition, ERAD is limited in vitro in the presence of the proteasome inhibitors, 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin and lactacystin. Furthermore, we find that an ERAD substrate is exported from ER-derived microsomes, and the accumulation of exported substrate is 2-fold greater when proteasome mutant cytosol is used in place of wild-type cytosol. We conclude that lumenal ERAD substrates are exported from the yeast ER to the cytoplasm for degradation by the proteasome complex.

439 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Little is known at the biochemical level about the regulation of fatty acid metabolism, and it is suggested that work in this area represents another frontier in insect biochemistry.
Abstract: The composition, metabolism, and significance of fatty acids in insect biology are addressed. Fatty acids enter a number of metabolic pathways not directly related to energy storage and production; the unifying theme is that the fatty acids are not only structurally altered in these pathways, but that the alterations carry them from one area of biological significance into another. This theme is developed by offering a perspective on fatty acids in insects and then reviewing three major areas: 1) fatty acid composition, 2) biosynthesis of fatty acids (including polyunsaturated fatty acids and characteristics of certain biosynthetic enzymes), and 3) the biological significance of fatty acids. This last section includes discussions of the biochemistry of waxes, pheromones, and prostaglandins and the roles of fatty acids as components of defensive secretions. Little is known at the biochemical level about the regulation of fatty acid metabolism, and it is suggested that work in this area represents another frontier in insect biochemistry.

435 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
09 Feb 2001-Science
TL;DR: The fact that at least one prey species quickly learns to be wary of restored carnivores should negate fears about localized prey extinction.
Abstract: The current extinction of many of Earth's large terrestrial carnivores has left some extant prey species lacking knowledge about contemporary predators, a situation roughly parallel to that 10,000 to 50,000 years ago, when naive animals first encountered colonizing human hunters. Along present-day carnivore recolonization fronts, brown (also called grizzly) bears killed predator-naive adult moose at disproportionately high rates in Scandinavia, and moose mothers who lost juveniles to recolonizing wolves in North America's Yellowstone region developed hypersensitivity to wolf howls. Although prey that had been unfamiliar with dangerous predators for as few as 50 to 130 years were highly vulnerable to initial encounters, behavioral adjustments to reduce predation transpired within a single generation. The fact that at least one prey species quickly learns to be wary of restored carnivores should negate fears about localized prey extinction.

434 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the relationship between alternative measures of affect and supervisory performance ratings and found that dispositional rather than state affect significantly predicted supervisory ratings of performance over time.
Abstract: This research examined relationships between alternative measures of affect and supervisory performance ratings. The first study showed that dispositional rather than state affect significantly predicted supervisory ratings of performance over time. Since the measures of affect differed on both content and temporal dimensions, a follow-up study was conducted to explicate the results. The second study found that a pleasantness-based measure of dispositional affect (Berkman, 1971a) again predicted rated performance over time, but activation-based measures of both dispositional and state affect (using PANAS scales) were not predictive of supervisory evaluations of performance. The implications of these findings in terms of research on affect and the longstanding pursuit of the happy–productive worker are discussed. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

432 citations


Authors

Showing all 13726 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Robert Langer2812324326306
Thomas C. Südhof191653118007
David W. Johnson1602714140778
Menachem Elimelech15754795285
Jeffrey L. Cummings148833116067
Bing Zhang121119456980
Arturo Casadevall12098055001
Mark H. Ellisman11763755289
Thomas G. Ksiazek11339846108
Anthony G. Fane11256540904
Leonardo M. Fabbri10956660838
Gary H. Lyman10869452469
Steven C. Hayes10645051556
Stephen P. Long10338446119
Gary Cutter10373740507
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202368
2022222
20211,756
20201,743
20191,514
20181,397