Showing papers by "University of New Brunswick published in 1998"
TL;DR: Based on the oxygen isotope signal in the GRIP Greenland ice core, a new event stratigraphy spanning the time interval from ca. 22.0 to 11.5 k GRIP yr BP (ca. 19.0-10.0 k 14 C yr BP) is proposed for the North Atlantic region as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: It is suggested that the GRIP Greenland ice-core should constitute the stratotype for the Last Termination. Based on the oxygen isotope signal in that core, a new event stratigraphy spanning the time interval from ca. 22.0 to 11.5 k GRIP yr BP (ca. 19.0-10.0 k 14 C yr BP) is proposed for the North Atlantic region. This covers the period from the Last Glacial Maximum, through Termination 1 of the deep-ocean record, to the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary, and encompasses the Last Glacial Late-glacial of the traditional northwest European stratigraphy. The isotopic record for this period is divided into two stadial episodes, Greenland Stadials 1 (GS-1) and 2 (GS-2), and two interstadial events, Greenland Interstadials 1 (GI-1) and 2 (GI-2). In addition, GI-1 and GS-2 are further subdivided into shorter episodes. The event stratigraphy is equally applicable to ice-core, marine and terrestrial records and is considered to be a more appropriate classificatory scheme than the terrestrially based radiocarbon-dated chronostratigraphy that has been used hitherto. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
841 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed to model failure time data by F*(f) = [F(t)]θ where F(t) is the baseline distribution function and θ is a positive real number.
Abstract: The proportional hazards model has been extensively used in the literature to model failure time data. In this paper we propose to model failure time data by F*(f) = [F(t)]θ where F(t) is the baseline distribution function and θ is a positive real number. This model gives rise to monotonic as well as non-monotonic failure rates even though the baseline failure rate is monotonic. The monotonicity of the failure rates are studied, in general, and some order relations are examined. Some examples including exponentiated Weibull, exponential, gamma and Pareto distributions are investigated in detail.
670 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors study the outsourcing phenomenon, starting with strategic analysis and working through the many practical considerations and decisions that practising managers must make, as outsourcing is not to be taken lightly.
Abstract: Studies the outsourcing phenomenon, starting with strategic analysis and working through the many practical considerations and decisions that practising managers must make. As outsourcing is not to be taken lightly, the disadvantages are discussed in some detail. Of note too, are sections concerned with managing the outsourcing relationship, post outsourcing and morale, all concerned with the human resource management aspects of outsourcing.
222 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors extended the Interpersonal Exchange Model of Sexual Satisfaction (IEMSS) to short-term dating relationships and found that more sexually satisfied individuals reported greater relationship satisfaction, a more favorable reward/cost ratio, and more equal rewards and costs between partners.
Abstract: This study extended the Interpersonal Exchange Model of Sexual Satisfaction (IEMSS) to short-term dating relationships. The IEMSS has been shown to have excellent validity for long-term heterosexual relationships. The IEMSS proposes that sexual satisfaction is greater to the extent that, over time, relationship satisfaction is high, levels of sexual rewards exceed levels of sexual costs, relative sexual reward levels exceed relative sexual cost levels, and interpersonal equality of sexual rewards and of sexual costs are perceived to exist. Fifty-one college men and 57 college women in a dating relationship of 3 to 36 months participated in the study. As predicted, more sexually satisfied individuals reported greater relationship satisfaction, a more favorable reward/cost ratio, a more favorable relative reward/relative cost ratio, and more equal rewards and costs between partners. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that relationship satisfaction, the difference between relative rewards, relative c...
187 citations
TL;DR: Men and women reported more negative reactions and stronger resistance to the use of sexual coercion compared to women as mentioned in this paper, indicating that sexual coercion occurred primarily within the heterosexual dating context among college students.
Abstract: Research comparing men's and women's experiences of sexual coercion has typically assessed differences in prevalence rates and risk. We extended this line of research by comparing the contexts of sexual coercion and reactions to sexually coercive experiences in an attempt to understand the meanings that men and women attribute to these events. Participants were 433 randomly selected college students who responded to an anonymous survey. In line with past research, more men than women reported being sexually coercive, and more women than men reported being sexually coerced in the preceding year. There was a great degree of correspondence between men's and women's reports of the contexts within which sexual coercion occurred. According to their reports, sexual coercion occurred primarily within the heterosexual dating context. Compared to men, however, women reported more negative reactions and stronger resistance to the use of sexual coercion. These findings emphasize how comparisons of prevalence rates al...
165 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors considered the case where the zone boundaries are stretched and the shear direction between the two boundaries is parallel to one of the principal stretching directions of the boundaries, and established a model which includes this general case also taking into consideration volume change.
157 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors distinguish between Third Italian and Marshallian districts and explore the relationship between district size and firm mortality rates in a textile district in Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany, from 1946 to 1993.
Abstract: The relationship between the presence of numerous firms in an industrial district and district flexibility may be more complicated than current conceptualizations imply, as these are dominated almost exclusively by the argument that district firms are embedded in local social structures and that integration encourages innovation. On the basis of arguments from neo-institutional and ecological theory, I distinguish between Third Italian districts which change mainly through collective learning in a relatively stable population of firms and Marshallian districts which change mainly through the competitive replacement of relatively inert firms. I explore this distinction empirically with data on the relationship between district size and firm mortality rates in a textile district in Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany, from 1946 to 1993.
131 citations
TL;DR: Instantaneous aerobic fuel use calculations showed that both acclimation temperature and swimming speed markedly influenced the relative and absolute use of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins by trout, supporting the concept that lipids are a major fuel of aerobic exercise in fish.
Abstract: Instantaneous fuel usage at 5 degreesC or 15 degreesC was assessed by measurement of rates of O2 consumption (O2), CO2 excretion (CO2) and nitrogenous waste excretion (nitrogen =ammonia-N + urea-N) in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at rest and during swimming at 45 % and 75 % of aerobic capacity (Ucrit). After 2 weeks of training at approximately 1 body length s-1 (BL s-1), critical swimming speeds (approximately 3.0 BL s-1) and whole-body energy stores (total protein, lipids and carbohydrates) were identical in fish acclimated to 5 degreesC or 15 degreesC. O2 and CO2 increased with swimming speed at both temperatures and were higher at 15 degreesC than at 5 degreesC at all speeds, but the overall Q10 values (1.23-1.48) were low in these long-term (6 weeks) acclimated fish. The respiratory quotient (CO2/O2, approximately 0.85) was independent of both temperature and swimming speed. In contrast to O2 and CO2, the rate of ammonia excretion was independent of swimming speed, but more strongly influenced by temperature (Q10 1. 4-2.8). Urea excretion accounted for 15-20 % of nitrogen, was unaffected by swimming speed and showed a tendency (P<0.07) to be positively influenced by temperature at one speed only (45 % Ucrit). Nitrogen quotients (NQ nitrogen/O2) were generally higher in warm-acclimated fish, remaining independent of swimming speed at 15 degreesC (0.08), but decreased from about 0.08 at rest to 0.04 during swimming at 5 degreesC. Instantaneous aerobic fuel use calculations based on standard respirometric theory showed that both acclimation temperature and swimming speed markedly influenced the relative and absolute use of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins by trout. At rest, cold-acclimated trout used similar proportions of carbohydrates and lipids and only 27 % protein. During swimming, protein use decreased to 15 % at both speeds while the relative contributions of both lipid and carbohydrate increased (to more than 40 %). On an absolute basis, carbohydrate was the most important fuel for fish swimming at 5 degreesC. In contrast, resting fish acclimated to 15 degreesC utilized 55 % lipid, 30 % protein and only 15 % carbohydrate. However, as swimming speed increased, the relative contribution of carbohydrate increased to 25 %, while the protein contribution remained unchanged at approximately 30 %, and lipid use decreased slightly (to 45 %). On an absolute basis, lipid remained the most important fuel in fish swimming at 15 degreesC. These results support the concept that lipids are a major fuel of aerobic exercise in fish, but demonstrate that the contribution of protein oxidation is much smaller than commonly believed, while that of carbohydrate oxidation is much larger, especially at higher swimming speeds and colder temperature.
128 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors obtained the exact two-sided confidence interval of θ following the approach of Chen and Bhattacharya (1988), and also obtained the asymptotic confidence intervals in the Hybrid censoring case.
Abstract: The mixture of Type I and Type I1 censoring schemes, called the hybrid censoring, is quite important in life–testing experiments. Epstein(1954, 1960) introduced this testing scheme and proposed a two–sided confidence interval to estimate the mean lifetime, θ, when the underlying lifetime distribution is assumed to be exponential. There are some two–sided confidence intervals and credible intervals proposed by Fairbanks et al. (1982) and Draper and Guttman (1987) respectively. In this paper we obtain the exact two–sided confidence interval of θ following the approach of Chen and Bhattacharya (1988). We also obtain the asymptotic confidence intervals in the Hybrid censoring case. It is important to observe that the results for Type I and Type II censoring schemes can be obtained as particular cases of the Hybrid censoring scheme. We analyze one data set and compare different methods by Monte Carlo simulations.
124 citations
TL;DR: Two bivalve species were studied to compare their feeding activity and particle selection in response to variations in the quantity and quality of suspended food and M. arenaria appears to be better suited than P. magellanicus to ingest organic material at higher concentrations of low quality seston.
118 citations
TL;DR: The yeast reagent was used to systematically examine a series of 2, 3, and 4-substituted cyclohexanones, almost all of which were oxidized to the corresponding e-caprolactones in good yields and high enantioselectivities (typically ≥ 95%).
Abstract: Cyclohexanone monooxygenase (E.C. 1.14.13.22) from Acinetobacter sp. NCIB 9871 has been expressed in baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) to create a general reagent for asymmetric Baeyer−Villiger oxidations. This “designer yeast” approach combines the advantages of using purified enzymes (single catalytic species, no overmetabolism, etc.) with the benefits of whole-cell reactions (experimentally simple, no cofactor regeneration necessary, etc.). The yeast reagent was used to systematically examine a series of 2-, 3-, and 4-substituted cyclohexanones (R = Me, Et, n-Pr, i-Pr, allyl, n-Bu), almost all of which were oxidized to the corresponding e-caprolactones in good yields and high enantioselectivities (typically ≥ 95%). Mesomeric 4-substituted cyclohexanones were oxidized to e-caprolactones in ≥ 92% ee. The engineered yeast strain also effected kinetic resolutions of 2-substituted cyclohexanones with enantioselectivity values ≥ 200 for substituents larger than methyl. The behavior of 3-substituted cy...
TL;DR: In this article, the sequence data from the large subunit of ribulose1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rbcL) gene and 18S ribosomal DNA (small subunit) of taxa in the freshwater rhodophyte order Batrachospermales were used to construct phylogenetic hypotheses.
Abstract: The sequence data from the large subunit of ribulose1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rbcL) gene and 18S ribosomal DNA (small subunit) of taxa in the freshwater rhodophyte order Batrachospermales were used to construct phylogenetic hypotheses. Taxa examined in this study represent four families, eight genera, and six sections of the genus Batrachospermum. In addition, Rhododraparnaldia oregonica Sheath, Whittick et Cole, was included in the analysis because it shares particular ultrastructural, reproductive, and morphological characteristics with members of the Batrachospermales and Acrochaetiales. The trees generated from each gene, as well as a combined data set, were largely congruent. Rhododraparnaldia consistently occurs on an early branch within the Acrochaetiales‐Palmariales clade and does not appear to be a member of the Batrachospermales. In addition,Thorea violacea Bory de St. Vincent was not closely related to the other taxa of the Batrachospermales in all trees and hence the family Thoreaceae does not appear to be a natural grouping within this order. All other taxa analyzed, which are presently classified within this order, formed a monophyletic clade in most analyses. Psilosiphon scoparium Entwisle was not closely allied with the taxa of the Lemaneaceae, lending support to the newly proposed family Psilosiphonaceae. Sequence data from the remaining taxa of the Lemaneaceae support the concept of a derived monophyletic clade. The genus Batrachospermum appears to comprise many morphologically similar but distantly related taxa, which will need further investigation to resolve their taxonomic status. Tuomeya, Sirodotia and Nothocladus are retained at the generic level until further data are obtained.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored the culture dimensions of young Poles who have had some exposure to business management and found that this group of Polish respondents score high in Power Distance and Uncertainty Avoidance, average in Individualism, are moderately above average in Masculinity as compared to Hofstede's Hermes data-base results.
Abstract: This paper explores, in accordance with Hofstede's indices, the culture dimensions of young Poles who have had some exposure to business management. It is shown that this group of Polish respondents score high in Power Distance and Uncertainty Avoidance, average in Individualism, are moderately above average in Masculinity as compared to Hofstede's Hermes data-base results. These culture characteristics are discussed from the perspective of their possible impact upon the adaptation of Western managerial concepts in Poland.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report the solution approaches developed for some non-standard knapsack problems with wide range of applications through a bibliographical review, which includes the multidimensional knapsACK problem, the multiple-choice KNAP, the 0-1 multiple knAPS, the quadratic KNAP and the maximin KNAP.
Abstract: Knapsack problem and its generalizations have been intensively studied during the last three decades with a rich literature of research reports. Over the years, surveys and reviews have been conducted mostly on the standard knapsack problems, namely, the single-constraint linear model. This paper reports the solution approaches developed for some non-standard knapsack problems with wide range of applications through a bibliographical review. The non-standard knapsack problems reviewed in this paper include the multidimensional knapsack problem, the multiple-choice knapsack problem, the 0–1 multiple knapsack problem, the quadratic knapsack problem, the maximin knapsack problem and the collapsing knapsack problem. Features of the solution approaches for each type of these non-standard knapsack problems and the computational experience as reported in the literature are summarized into several concise tables to provide a quick and broad reference for future researches.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present evidence for a multiple impact event that occurred on Earth, which can lead to the formation of linear crater chains, or catenae, on planetary surfaces.
Abstract: Evidence for the collision of fragmented comets or asteroids with some of the larger (jovian) planets and their moons is now well established following the dramatic impact of the disrupted comet Shoemaker–Levy 9 with Jupiter in 1994 (ref. 1). Collisions by fragmented objects result in multiple impacts that can lead to the formation of linear crater chains, or catenae, on planetary surfaces2. Here we present evidence for a multiple impact event that occurred on Earth. Five terrestrial impact structures have been found to possess comparable ages (∼214 Myr), coincident with the Norian stage of the Triassic period. These craters are Rochechouart (France), Manicouagan and Saint Martin (Canada), Obolon' (Ukraine) and Red Wing (USA). When these impact structures are plotted on a tectonic reconstruction of the North American and Eurasian plates for 214 Myr before present, the three largest structures (Rochechouart, Manicouagan and Saint Martin) are co-latitudinal at 22.8° (within 1.2°, ∼110 km), and span 43.5° of palaeolongitude. These structures may thus represent the remains of a crater chain at least 4,462 km long. The Obolon' and Red Wing craters, on the other hand, lie on great circles of identical declination with Rochechouart and Saint Martin, respectively. We therefore suggest that the five impact structures were formed at the same time (within hours) during a multiple impact event caused by a fragmented comet or asteroid colliding with Earth.
01 Jan 1998
TL;DR: This chapter examines the nature of the GPS signals, their structure, and the propagation phenomena of multipath and scattering and the effects they have on the measurements made by a GPS receiver.
Abstract: The Global Positioning System is a one-way ranging system. The GPS satellites emit signals — complex modulated radio waves — which propagate through space to receivers on or near the earth’s surface.1 From the signals it intercepts, a receiver measures the ranges between its antenna and the satellites. In this chapter, we will examine the nature of the GPS signals. After a brief review of the fundamentals of electromagnetic radiation, we will describe the structure of the GPS signals. Since the signals, in propagating to a receiver, must travel through the ionosphere and the neutral atmosphere, we will examine the effect these media have on the signals. Finally, we will look at the propagation phenomena of multipath and scattering and the effects they have on the measurements made by a GPS receiver.
01 Jan 1998
TL;DR: An algorithm is presented for enhancing stereo depth cues for moving computer generated 3D images and has the effect of doubling the stereo depth in flat scenes and limiting the stereodepth for deep scenes.
Abstract: This paper reports on an experimental approach to adjusting stereo parameters automatically and thereby providing a low eye strain, easily accommodated stereo view for computer graphics applications. To this end, the concept of virtual eye separation is defined. Experiment 1 shows that dynamic changes in virtual eye separation are not noticed if they occur over a period of a few seconds. Experiment 2 shows that when subjects are given control over their virtual eye separation, they change it depending on the amount of depth in the scene. Based partly on these results, an algorithm is presented for enhancing stereo depth cues for moving computer generated 3D images. It has the effect of doubling the stereo depth in flat scenes and limiting the stereo depth for deep scenes. It also reduces the occurrence of double images and the discrepancy between focus and vergence. The algorithm is applied dynamically in real time with an optional damping factor applied so the disparities never change too abruptly. Finally, Experiment 3 provides a qualitative assessment of the algorithm with a dynamic "flight" over a digital elevation map.
TL;DR: A system called NestedVision3D (NV3D) will be presented that has been developed to investigate the use of 3D visualization for understanding the structure of large computer programs and it is argued that3D visualization has a number of advantages.
Abstract: Most systems for visualizing large information structures use 2D graphics to view networks of nodes and arcs that represent data. To understand large structures it is often necessary to show both small-scale and large-scale structures. This has been called the problem of focus and context. Distortion, rapid zooming, elision and multiple windows are all techniques that have been developed to provide both focus and context within single representations. We review these techniques and argue that 3D visualization has a number of advantages. A system called NestedVision3D (NV3D) will be presented that has been developed to investigate the use of 3D visualization for understanding the structure of large computer programs. NV3D is a system for visualizing large nested graphs using interactive 3D graphics. It has been tested with graphs containing more than 35,000 nodes and 100,000 relationships. We describe NV3D and its design philosophy. Basic navigation is facilitated by a set of 3D widgets, rapid scaling and interactive elision. More experimental features include animations called snakes, which are used to trace dynamic software behavior.
TL;DR: New techniques for quantitative mapping of T1, T2, and T*2 are proposed, based on the single-point imaging (SPI) method, for materials with short nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation times which cannot be imaged with traditional methods.
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of varying the NCO/OH ratio and lignin content on the crosslink density, ultimate tensile properties and dielectric strength of polyurethanes were studied.
Abstract: Lignin-derived polyurethane films were synthesized by solution casting using three fractions of distinct molecular weight and chemical functionality from Alcell® lignin. A three-component system of lignin fraction, polyethylene glycol (PEG) of MW=400 g mol −1 and polymeric methyl-diisocyanate (MDI) was used. For each lignin fraction, the effects of varying the NCO/OH ratio and lignin content on the crosslink density, ultimate tensile properties and dielectric strength of the polyurethanes were studied. The crosslink density was found to increase with molecular weight of lignin. Strong polyurethanes were produced with the high molecular weight fraction of Alcell® lignin, but the polyurethanes from the medium molecular weight fraction appeared to be tougher and more flexible. For both the medium and high molecular weight fractions of Alcell® lignin used, polyurethanes produced with lignin contents above 35 wt% were found to be too brittle and glassy to be tested. A maximum of 18 wt% of the low molecular weight lignin fraction could be used to prepare polyurethanes. Any higher compositions attempted produced polyurethanes which were too brittle to be tested. For all three fractions, the dielectric constant of the polyurethanes, decreased with increasing lignin content or NCO/OH ratio.
TL;DR: In this article, the propagation of errors from the low-frequency terrestrial gravity field into the geoid is derived for the spherical Stokes integral, the spheroidal stokes integral and the Molodensky-modified sphenroidal Stokes integrals.
Abstract: When regional gravity data are used to compute a gravimetric geoid in conjunction with a geopotential model, it is sometimes implied that the terrestrial gravity data correct any erroneous wavelengths present in the geopotential model. This assertion is investigated. The propagation of errors from the low-frequency terrestrial gravity field into the geoid is derived for the spherical Stokes integral, the spheroidal Stokes integral and the Molodensky-modified spheroidal Stokes integral. It is shown that error-free terrestrial gravity data, if used in a spherical cap of limited extent, cannot completely correct the geopotential model. Using a standard norm, it is shown that the spheroidal and Molodensky-modified integration kernels offer a preferable approach. This is because they can filter out a large amount of the low-frequency errors expected to exist in terrestrial gravity anomalies and thus rely more on the low-frequency geopotential model, which currently offers the best source of this information.
TL;DR: It is proposed that particle capture in bivalves can be explained in terms of hydrosol filtration theories that have been shown to apply to a wide diversity of aquatic suspension feeders.
Abstract: Using video endoscopy, we examined water flow through the infrabranchial cavity and observed particle capture by the ctenidia (gills) of several species of suspension-feeding bivalve molluscs We found that previously published interpretations of the particle capture process did not adequately explain our in vivo observations Instead, we propose that particle capture in bivalves can be explained in terms of hydrosol filtration theories that have been shown to apply to a wide diversity of aquatic suspension feeders Particles are captured by direct interception with the ctenidial filament and then transported along the frontal surface of the filament by mucociliary processes Two primary mechanisms aid in capture First, the low angle at which particles approach the filaments increases the probability of encounter with frontal cilia Second, vortical flow patterns set up by the beating of the laterofrontal cilia or cirri reduce or block flow through the interfilamentary spaces and redirect it toward the frontal surface of a filament This flow pattern further increases encounter efficiency with the frontal cilia and promotes particle retention on the frontal surface Our studies indicate that the suspension-feeding complex as a whole (incurrent siphon margin, ctenidia, and mantle) functions in a highly integrated manner and is critical for particle capture This observation calls into question previous explanations developed from examination of surgically altered bivalves
TL;DR: Mya arenaria appeared to be better suited than Placopecten magellanicus to cope with higher concentrations of seston, especially if it consisted of relatively poor quality particles, but the opposite was true at high concentrations.
TL;DR: In this article, exact (both analytical and numerical) solutions for steady state stimulated Brillouin scattering in single-mode optical fibers are presented, and the resulting solution is compared with the experiment.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined sexual intrusive thoughts in a nonclinical population and found that men reported a greater number of different sexual intrusive thought, while women reported fewer intrusive thoughts compared to men.
Abstract: Despite the fact that a substantial minority of individuals describe sexual thoughts that are perceived as unwanted and unacceptable, for the most part sexuality researchers have not differentiated sexual thoughts and fantasies that are perceived as positive by the respondent from those which are perceived as negative. At the same time, cognitive‐behavioral researchers investigating intrusive thoughts—that is, unwanted, sudden, and involuntary ego‐dystonic thoughts and obsessions—have not distinguished those reflecting sexual themes from those reflecting other themes. The purpose of this study was to examine sexual intrusive thoughts in a nonclinical population. One hundred seventy‐one college students participated in the study and were administered measures assessing intrusive thoughts, psychological distress, and disposition towards sexuality. Sexual intrusive thoughts were reported by 84% of participants. Compared to the women, the men reported a greater number of different sexual intrusive thoughts, a...
TL;DR: In this paper, a new magnetic resonance imaging technique is utilized for the first time to obtain drying profiles of concrete with sub-millimetre resolution, which permits observation of the drying mechanisms, as well as the effects of water-cement ratio and moist curing time on drying behaviour.
TL;DR: Analysis revealed that depression in medical patients was best distinguished by symptoms of anhedonia, low positive affect, and physiological hyperarousal, whereas syndromal depression in psychiatric inpatients was specifically characterized by negative cognition symptoms.
Abstract: This study compared depressive and anxious symptoms in chronic medically ill individuals and depressed psychiatric inpatients using conceptually based standardized measures of cognitions and symptoms. Seventy-five hospitalized medical patients, 52 depressed psychiatric inpatients, and 25 normal controls were assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd ed., rev.; American Psychiatric Association, 1987), the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire, Hamilton Rating Scales of Anxiety and Depression, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales, Beck Depression Inventory, Cognitions Checklist, and Hopelessness Scale. Analysis revealed that depression in medical patients was best distinguished by symptoms of anhedonia, low positive affect, and physiological hyperarousal, whereas syndromal depression in psychiatric inpatients was specifically characterized by negative cognition symptoms. Implications are discussed for assessing depression in medically ill populations.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a modified version of the International Reference Ionosphere 1995 (IRI-95) model and augmented with a plasmaspheric electron content model to produce hourly global total electron content (TEC) maps from Global Positioning System (GPS) data.
TL;DR: On-court results suggested that anticipation ability and performance did improve as a result of the intervention, and that video presentations could improve on-court tennis serve returns.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the trainability of anticipation in intermediate tennis players. In particular, the study examined whether video presentations could improve on-court tennis serve returns. A series of separate A-B designs across 6 participants was implemented, with baseline and intervention scores for on-court serve-return performance being recorded. Intervention consisted of 2 phases: a training phase and an on-court testing phase. The training phase, which employed a changing criterion design, consisted of a series of tennis-serve video presentations that were replayed with gradually increasing speed. All serves were occluded on racquet/ball contact, and participants were asked to predict the type, depth, and width of serve. Following completion of the training phase, participants were again tested on their ability to return tennis serves on the tennis court. On-court results suggested that anticipation ability and performance did improve as a result of the intervention.