Showing papers by "University of New Hampshire published in 1968"
66 citations
TL;DR: A sensitive method for the quantitative analysis of putrescine, spermidine, and spermine is described, which is adapted to the analysis of polyamines in diverse biological materials.
52 citations
TL;DR: In an experiment manipulating both visual and behavioral distractions in a persuasive communication it was found that less attitude change occurred in the distraction conditions, which was interpreted as supporting a learningtheory approach to distraction and attitude change.
Abstract: In studying the effects of distraction on attitude change, Festinger and Maccoby hypothesized that individuals would change their attitudes more if distracted during the presentation of a persuasive communication, since the active process of counterargument was inhibited. McGuire noted that a learning-theory approach would predict opposite results since distraction should inhibit reception of the persuasive material. In an experiment manipulating both visual and behavioral distractions in a persuasive communication it was found that less attitude change occurred in the distraction conditions. Distracted Ss were also less able to recall arguments presented in the persuasive communications. The results were interpreted as supporting a learningtheory approach to distraction and attitude change.
49 citations
TL;DR: Smooth muscle cell changes in orientation and cytoplasmic degeneration are postulated to be the basic phenomena in pigeon atherosclerosis.
46 citations
39 citations
TL;DR: Depuration efficacy was adversely affected by large numbers of viral pollutants in oysters, by water temperatures falling below 10 C, or both, and reduced by 3 days to 6 days.
Abstract: Enteroviruses appear in oysters following pollution of estuary waters by waste-treatment plant effluents. Primary treatment, with or without chlorination, and stabilization pond effluents are regul...
32 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that the following can form a basis for identification of members of the genus Euplotes: 1) cortical sculpturing, 2) arrangement of all ciliary organelles, including dorsal and endoral cilia, and 3) details of the silverline system.
Abstract: SYNOPSIS Prior to the general use of methods revealing the silverline system, members of the genus Euplotes were separated on the basis of body shape, sculpturing and arrangement of cirri Since 1954, species have been separated on the basis of number of dorsolateral cilium rows, dorsal silverline system, number of fronto-ventral cirri, and form of the macronucleus This paper describes E charon Muller, 1773, E quinquecarinatus Gelei, 1950, E alatus Kahl, 1932, and E bisulcatus Kahl, 1932, 4 species that are difficult to separate solely on the basis of the latter set of characters By discussion of characters elucidated by a nigrosin-HgCl2-formalin method, it is suggested that the following can form a basis for identification of members of this genus: 1) cortical sculpturing, 2) arrangement of all ciliary organelles, including dorsal and endoral cilia, and 3) details of the silverline system Existing methods are indicated, some far more simple than silver methods, with which these characters can be elucidated
32 citations
TL;DR: Either there are two separate routes for the secretion of penicillinase or the characteristics of the process vary substantially between the early stages and the declining phase of induction, which requires that any membrane-bound intermediate in the formation of exoenzyme be much shorter-lived in cells with a high rate of synthesis.
Abstract: The distribution of alkaline phosphatase and nuclease activity between cells and medium was examined in one strain of Bacillus licheniformis and four strains of B subtilis Over 95% of both activities was found in the medium of the B licheniformis culture, but in the B subtilis cultures the amount of enzyme activity found in the medium varied with the strain and the enzyme considered B licheniformis 749 and its penicillinase magnoconstitutive mutant 749/C were grown in continuous culture with phosphorous as the growth-limiting factor, and the kinetics of penicillinase formation and secretion were examined Nutrient arrest halted secretion (usually after a lag of about 30 min) in both the inducible and constitutive strains Chloramphenicol did not eliminate secretion, but under certain circumstances reduced its rate In the inducible strain treated with a low level of inducer, the rate of secretion was more affected by the rate of synthesis than by the level of cell-bound enzyme During induction, the onset of accretion of cell-bound penicillinase and secretion of the exoenzyme were nearly simultaneous It seems unlikely that a long-lived, membrane- or cell-bound intermediate is mandatory in the secretion of the three enzymes by Bacillus species In the case of penicillinase secretion, there are at least two different phases When penicillinase synthesis is proceeding rapidly, the rate of secretion is five to six times greater at equivalent concentrations of membrane-bound penicillinase than it is when penicillinase synthesis is reduced The data require that any membrane-bound intermediate in the formation of exoenzyme be much shorter-lived in cells with a high rate of synthesis than in cells with a low rate Either there are two separate routes for the secretion of penicillinase or the characteristics of the process vary substantially between the early stages and the declining phase of induction
30 citations
TL;DR: The beam-foil excitation method has been used to measure the radiative mean lives of the $2p$ and $3p$ states of atomic hydrogen.
Abstract: The beam-foil excitation method has been used to measure the radiative mean lives of the $2p$ and $3p$ states of atomic hydrogen. The results obtained were (1.60\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.01)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}9}$ sec and (5.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}9}$ sec, respectively. A study of the results of this experiment has led to the following conclusions: (a) the Lyman-$\ensuremath{\alpha}$ decay curves are best fitted by the sum of two exponential terms whose characteristic decay times correspond to spontaneous decay of the $2p$ state and repopulation of this state by higher states, (b) the shapes of the Lyman-$\ensuremath{\alpha}$ decay curves vary with foil thickness, and (c) the ion energy loss in the foils used in this experiment changes with the age of the foil. A review of previous measurements on atomic-hydrogen radiative mean lives is also made and compared with theory.
23 citations
23 citations
TL;DR: Protection from surf by nearshore shoals, behavioral factors, and the increase in number of species on protected beaches, are important factors providing checks on violent fluctuation and displacement of haustoriid populations.
Abstract: Macrofaunal dominant population of intertidal haustoriid amphipods at Sapelo Island, Georgia, show little change in zonation accompanying the passage of two hurricanes despite observed changes in beach morphology. Fluctuations in abundance of two species were correlated with life cycle events. Some mortality of amphipods probably occurred where large volumes of freshwater overflowed the sand beach. Protection from surf by nearshore shoals, behavioral factors, and the increase in number of species on protected beaches, are important factors providing checks on violent fluctuation and displacement of haustoriid populations. *** DIRECT SUPPORT *** A00BY031 00002
TL;DR: Evidence was found to support the general recommendation that changes in a lactating cow's ration be made gradually over a period of about two weeks, and the proportions of cows requiring one, two or more services for conception were not statistically different.
TL;DR: The inhibition by polyamines of the latent ribonuclease (rib onuclease I) released by EDTA could not be demonstrated with purified rRNA and ribonuklease I derived from E. coli ribosomes.
TL;DR: The red, brown, and blue-green algae usually contained much less inositol and choline than do plant and animals sources, but the fungi and the algae Chlorella and Euglena contained amounts comparable to those present in plant sources.
Abstract: Inositol and choline were present in varying amounts among the species of Rhodophyta, Phaeophyta, Chlorophyta, and Euglenophyta examined However, in the two members of the order Fucales (division Phaeophyta) examined, no detectable amounts of choline were found In contrast, the species of Cyanophyta examined contained no detectable amounts of either choline or inositol All species of the fungal classes Phycomyceteae, Ascomyceteae, and Basidiomyceteae collected contained both inositol and choline in varying amounts The red, brown, and blue-green algae usually contained much less inositol and choline than do plant and animals sources, but the fungi and the algae Chlorella and Euglena contained amounts comparable to those present in plant sources
TL;DR: It was found that embryos incubated in egg cartons were much more sensitive to toxins than eggs incubated on cotton padding or in a commercial egg incubator.
Abstract: The “paper disc plate” method of antibiotic assay usingBacillus megaterium spores was tested for the assay of aflatoxins and related compounds. Significant inhibitions were obtained in the range of 1–4 µg/disc for aflatoxin B1 and 4–8 µg/disc for aflatoxin G1. Dicumarol was the most active of the compounds tested and inhibited at 0.1–1.0 µg/disc. Compounds were also tested using nine-day-old chick embryos. It was found that embryos incubated in egg cartons were much more sensitive to toxins than eggs incubated on cotton padding or in a commercial egg incubator. The LD100 of aflatoxin B1 to carton-incubated embryos was 0.01 µg, while to embryos from the commercial incubator the LD100 was >5.0 µg. The results of the two bioassay procedures did not correlate completely with each other.
TL;DR: To test the distraction hypothesis of Festinger and Maccoby, an experiment was conducted in which subjects were shown a videotape containing a television commercial, and they were either visually or behaviorally distracted as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: To test the distraction hypothesis of Festinger and Maccoby, an experiment was conducted in which subjects were shown a videotape containing a television commercial. They were visually or behaviora...
TL;DR: At 8 weeks of age the weight of females of both reciprocal back‐cross types significantly exceeded the average of females from the selected lines suggesting that female reproductive organ weight had increased under selection as well as heterosis.
Abstract: Synopsis Three populations of Japanese quail, selected over 13 generations for increased body weight, a randomly selected base population and reciprocal backcrosses of selected lines to the control were studied. Live body weight and weights of liver, testes, oviducts and carcasses were obtained to assess the effects of selection. At 6 weeks of age a 20 g. difference in live body weight existed between selected line and base population. Sexual dimorphism in live body weight in favour of females appeared at 3 weeks of age and increased with age. A 5 g. difference in 6‐week body weight between female backcross progeny from sires from selected lines and those sired by males from the base population suggested an influence of sex‐linked genes. At 8 weeks of age the weight of females of both reciprocal back‐cross types significantly exceeded the average of females from the selected lines suggesting that female reproductive organ weight had increased under selection as well as heterosis. Carcass weight of selecte...
TL;DR: In this paper, four mature Holstein cows were used simultaneously in a 4 × 4 Latin-square design (balanced for residual effects) to evaluate rations containing various proportions of concentrate urea, and it was concluded that high-quality concentrate mixtures containing as much as 2.5% urea (by weight) may be fed at relatively high levels with corn silage to lactating dairy cattle with no significant adverse effect on ration utilization.
TL;DR: Brain fatty acid composition was similar in all four species, indicating a tissue specificity; whereas, the distribution of testicular fatty acids, particularly the C22 series, suggested a species specify.
TL;DR: The ultrastructure of the first phase of the development of Eimeria tenella sporozoites in cell cultures is described, initiated by activation of the micropores which invaginate, enlarge, and take in osmiophilic material from the parasitophoric vacuole.
Abstract: Die erste Entwicklungsstufe von Eimeria-tenella-Sporozoiten aus Gewebekulturzellen wird beschrieben. Dabei handelt es sich um die Entwicklung vom beweglichen Sporozoiten zum stationaren Schizonten oder vom Stadium, das keine Nahrung aufnimmt, zum Trophozoiten. Diese Entwicklungsphase wird eingeleitet durch die „Aktivierung“ von Mikroporen, d.h. durch die Erweiterung des eingestulpten Teiles des Mikroporus und durch Aufnahme osmiophilen Materials aus der parasitophoren Vakuole, das ein Zerfallsprodukt von Cytoplasmaanteilen der Wirtszelle darstellt. Das Cytoplasma des Trophozoiten enthalt spater zahlreiche Vakuolen, deren Inhalt in verschiedenen Phasen der Verdauung erscheint.
TL;DR: Of all the structures of the egg, the yolk seems to be the least influenced by hereditary factors, and current interest in cholesterol as related to human health has stimulated the study of hereditary and other factors which influence yolk cholesterol level in chicken eggs.
TL;DR: In this article, the magnetic moments were observed in the 1·80-1·94 B.M. range for the tetra-and pentamethylene linkages.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of different training conditions on the scaling of random forms for recognizability was examined and the results of the scaling task indicated that exposure to problems designed to emphasize metron variability within the compactness and jaggedness physical dimensions resulted in more extensive use of those dimensions.
Abstract: The effect of different Retraining conditions on the scaling of random forms for recognizability was examined. Pretraining conditions were defined by exposure to recognition-discrimination problems structured to emphasize or de-emphasize metron variability. Analyses of the results of the scaling task indicated that exposure to problems designed to emphasize metron variability within the “compactness” and “jaggedness” physical dimensions resulted in more extensive use of those dimensions, while no similar effect resulted from training with problems emphasizing an “x-axis areal asymmetry” physical dimension.
TL;DR: Pregnancy abolished synthesis of ULF and active extracts were incapable of interfering with established pregnancies, and some local (non-blood-vascular) transport of this factor is presented.
Abstract: Further evidence is presented for the production of a thermolabile nondialyzable uterine luteolytic factor (ULF) on the 6th and 7th days of pseudopregnancy in the hamster. Injection of the equivalent of uterine horn/day was ineffective, but dosages of and 1 horn/day were maximally effective in shortening pseudopregnancy in the hysterectomized animal. The submitochondrial particulate fraction of homogenized tissue after centrifugation in 0.25M sucrose at 8400 g contained all ULF activity. Pregnancy abolished synthesis of ULF and active extracts were incapable of interfering with established pregnancies. Immature uterine horns did not produce ULF. Evidence for some local (non-blood-vascular) transport of this factor is presented. (Endocrinology 83: 1065, 1968)
TL;DR: The present study was undertaken to determine the availability of the niacin present in poultry rations based upon minimum requirement studies as reported by Ringrose et al. (1965).
TL;DR: A high-resolution X-ray powder diffraction camera was used in the identification and crystallography of compounds in dental amalgam to determination of the effects of the mercury-alloy ratio and of aging in clinical restorations.
Abstract: A high-resolution X-ray powder diffraction camera was used in the identification and crystallography of compounds in dental amalgam. The study included determination of the effects of the mercury-alloy ratio and of aging in clinical restorations. In all instances, γ silver-tin, y silver-mercury, and γ tin-mercury were found. Line positions, relative intensities, and calculated lattice parameters were tabulated for each compound.
TL;DR: It is clear that those individuals who had low reading comprehension also tended to have low self-concepts, and further research is planned in order to assay the developn~ent of this association of lowSelf-concept with reading difficulties.
Abstract: The relation of self-concept to school achievement has been examined previously. Maltz (1960) concluded that high self-concept was important in personal achievement. Also, Edson, Bell, and Shaw (1960) noted that the \"bright\" under-achiever perceived himself differently from the achiever. Miller ( 1965) found that a student's self-concept was related to his achievement in junior high school. Dyson (1965) , using 567 Ss, reported that boys and girls did not evidence significantly different patterns of acceptance of self. Thus, the entire freshman class in one high school (83 Ss) was administered the cooperative English Test-Reading Comprehension, Form 2A (E.T.S., 1960). Six students were eliminated because of incomplete data and erroneous test procedures. Scores were ranked from high to low and the top and bottom 33% of the scores ( n s = 24, 26) were designated as \"high reading comprehension\" and \"low reading comprehension\" groups. These 50 studenrs were then administered the Tennessee Self-concept Scale (Fitts, 1965) and further subdivided into groups having high and low self-concepts. Analysis showed that 17 Ss with high reading comprehension had high selfconcepts and 7 had low self-concepts, but 8 Ss with low reading comprehension had high self-concepts and 18 low self-concepts. This contingency table yielded a significant x%f 8.00 ( 2 df; p < .02) . I t is clear that those individuals who had low reading comprehension also tended to have low self-concepts. Further research is planned in order to assay the developn~ent of this association of low self-concept with reading difficulties.
TL;DR: The technique of atomic fluorescence flame spectrometry as a potential tool for the trace analysis of inorganic ions has received increasing attention in the last few years as discussed by the authors, based upon the absorption of radiation by an atomic vapor and the measurement of the radiation emitted when a fraction of the excited atoms lose their energy by fluorescence.
Abstract: The technique of atomic fluorescence flame spectrometry as a potential tool for the trace analysis of inorganic ions has received increasing attention in the last few years. The method is based upon the absorption of radiation by an atomic vapor and the measurement of the radiation emitted when a fraction of the excited atoms lose their energy by fluorescence.