University of New Hampshire

About: University of New Hampshire is a education organization based out in Durham, New Hampshire, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Solar wind. The organization has 9379 authors who have published 24025 publications receiving 1020112 citations. The organization is also known as: UNH.

The financial crisis and the systemic failure of the economics profession

Abstract: Economists not only failed to anticipate the financial crisis; they may have contributed to it—with risk and derivatives models that, through spurious precision and untested theoretical assumptions, encouraged policy makers and market participants to see more stability and risk sharing than was actually present. Moreover, once the crisis occurred, it was met with incomprehension by most economists because of models that, on the one hand, downplay the possibility that economic actors may exhibit highly interactive behavior; and, on the other, assume that any homogeneity will involve economic actors sharing the economist’s own putatively correct model of the economy, so that error can stem only from an exogenous shock. The financial crisis presents both an ethical and an intellectual challenge to economics, and an opportunity to reform its study by grounding it more solidly in reality.

Exposure to internet pornography among children and adolescents: a national survey.

Abstract: Estimates suggest that up to 90% or more youth between 12 and 18 years have access to the Internet. Concern has been raised that this increased accessibility may lead to a rise in pornography seeking among children and adolescents, with potentially serious ramifications for child and adolescent sexual development. Using data from the Youth Internet Safety Survey, a nationally representative, cross-sectional telephone survey of 1501 children and adolescents (ages 10–17 years), characteristics associated with self-reported pornography seeking behavior, both on the Internet and using traditional methods (e.g., magazines), are identified. Seekers of pornography, both online and offline, are significantly more likely to be male, with only 5% of self-identified seekers being female. The vast majority (87%) of youth who report looking for sexual images online are 14 years of age or older, when it is developmentally appropriate to be sexually curious. Children under the age of 14 who have intentionally looked at ...

Plant biomass and production and CO2 exchange in an ombrotrophic bog

Abstract: Summary 1 Above-ground biomass was measured at bog hummock, bog hollow and poor-fen sites in Mer Bleue, a large, raised ombrotrophic bog near Ottawa, Ont., Canada. The average above-ground biomass was 587 g m ‐2 in the bog, composed mainly of shrubs and Sphagnum capitula. In the poor fen, the average biomass was 317 g m ‐2 , comprising mainly sedges and herbs and Sphagnum capitula. Vascular plant above-ground biomass was greater where the water table was lower, with a similar but weaker relationship for Sphagnum capitula and vascular leaf biomass. 2 Below-ground biomass averaged 2400 g m ‐2 at the bog hummock site, of which 300 g m ‐2 was fine roots (< 2 mm diameter), compared with 1400 g m ‐2 in hollows (fine roots 450 g m ‐2 ) and 1200 g m ‐2 at the poor-fen site. 3 Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) of CO 2 was measured in chambers and used to derive ecosystem respiration and photosynthesis. Under high light flux (PAR of 1500 μ mol m ‐2 s ‐1 ), NEE ranged across sites from 0.08 to 0.22 mg m ‐2 s ‐1 (a positive value indicates ecosystem uptake) in the spring and summer, but fell to ‐0.01 to ‐0.13 mg m ‐2 s ‐1 (i.e. a release of CO 2 ) during a late-summer dry period. 4 There was a general agreement between a combination of literature estimates of photosynthetic capacity for shrubs and mosses and measured biomass and summertime CO 2 uptake determined by the eddy covariance technique within a bog footprint (0.40 and 0.35‐0.40 mg m ‐2 s ‐1 , respectively). 5 Gross photosynthesis was estimated to be about 530 g m ‐2 year ‐1 , total respiration 460 g m ‐2 year ‐1 , and export of DOC, DIC and CH 4 10 g m ‐2 year ‐1 , leaving an annual C sequestration rate of 60 g m ‐2 year ‐1 . Root production and decomposition are important parts of the C budget of the bog. Root C production was estimated to be 161‐176 g m ‐2 year ‐1 , resulting in fractional turnover rates of 0.2 and 1 year ‐1 for total and fine roots,

High levels of nitryl chloride in the polluted subtropical marine boundary layer

Abstract: Nitryl chloride, an active halogen, can be produced through the night-time reaction of dinitrogen pentoxide with chloride-containing aerosol in the polluted marine boundary, and has been measured at levels that are sufficient to affect the photochemistry of oxidants off the southwestern US coast and near Houston, Texas.

Biomimetic Superhydrophobic and Highly Oleophobic Cotton Textiles

Abstract: We report a biomimetic procedure to prepare superhydrophobic cotton textiles. By in situ introducing silica particles to cotton fibers to generate a dual-size surface roughness, followed by hydrophobization with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), normally hydrophilic cotton has been easily turned superhydrophobic, which exhibits a static water contact angle of 155° for a 10 μL droplet. The roll-off angle of water droplets depends on the droplet volume, ranging from 7° for a droplet of 50 μL to 20° for a 7 μL droplet. When a perfluoroalkyl chain is introduced to the silica particle surface, the superhydrophobic textile also becomes highly oleophobic, as demonstrated by a static contact angle of 140° and a roll-off angle of 24° for a 15 μL sunflower oil droplet.