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Institution

University of New South Wales

EducationSydney, New South Wales, Australia
About: University of New South Wales is a education organization based out in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 51197 authors who have published 153634 publications receiving 4880608 citations. The organization is also known as: UNSW & UNSW Australia.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper presents an in-depth analysis of four major categories of anomaly detection techniques which include classification, statistical, information theory and clustering and evaluates effectiveness of different categories of techniques.

992 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used climate, water, economic, and remote sensing data combined with biophysical modeling to understand the drivers of the "Millennium Drought" and its impacts.
Abstract: [1] The “Millennium Drought” (2001–2009) can be described as the worst drought on record for southeast Australia. Adaptation to future severe droughts requires insight into the drivers of the drought and its impacts. These were analyzed using climate, water, economic, and remote sensing data combined with biophysical modeling. Prevailing El Nino conditions explained about two thirds of rainfall deficit in east Australia. Results for south Australia were inconclusive; a contribution from global climate change remains plausible but unproven. Natural processes changed the timing and magnitude of soil moisture, streamflow, and groundwater deficits by up to several years, and caused the amplification of rainfall declines in streamflow to be greater than in normal dry years. By design, river management avoided impacts on some categories of water users, but did so by exacerbating the impacts on annual irrigation agriculture and, in particular, river ecosystems. Relative rainfall reductions were amplified 1.5–1.7 times in dryland wheat yields, but the impact was offset by steady increases in cropping area and crop water use efficiency (perhaps partly due to CO2 fertilization). Impacts beyond the agricultural sector occurred (e.g., forestry, tourism, utilities) but were often diffuse and not well quantified. Key causative pathways from physical drought to the degradation of ecological, economic, and social health remain poorly understood and quantified. Combined with the multiple dimensions of multiyear droughts and the specter of climate change, this means future droughts may well break records in ever new ways and not necessarily be managed better than past ones.

989 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Overall, campylobacteriosis is still one of the most important infectious diseases that is likely to challenge global health in the years to come.
Abstract: Campylobacter jejuni infection is one of the most widespread infectious diseases of the last century. The incidence and prevalence of campylobacteriosis have increased in both developed and developing countries over the last 10 years. The dramatic increase in North America, Europe, and Australia is alarming, and data from parts of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East indicate that campylobacteriosis is endemic in these areas, especially in children. In addition to C. jejuni, there is increasing recognition of the clinical importance of emerging Campylobacter species, including Campylobacter concisus and Campylobacter ureolyticus. Poultry is a major reservoir and source of transmission of campylobacteriosis to humans. Other risk factors include consumption of animal products and water, contact with animals, and international travel. Strategic implementation of multifaceted biocontrol measures to reduce the transmission of this group of pathogens is paramount for public health. Overall, campylobacteriosis is still one of the most important infectious diseases that is likely to challenge global health in the years to come. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the global epidemiology, transmission, and clinical relevance of Campylobacter infection.

987 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is argued that elaborating principled and informed models is a prerequisite for grounding empirical neuroscience in a cogent theoretical framework, commensurate with the achievements in the physical sciences.
Abstract: The cortex is a complex system, characterized by its dynamics and architecture, which underlie many functions such as action, perception, learning, language, and cognition Its structural architecture has been studied for more than a hundred years; however, its dynamics have been addressed much less thoroughly In this paper, we review and integrate, in a unifying framework, a variety of computational approaches that have been used to characterize the dynamics of the cortex, as evidenced at different levels of measurement Computational models at different space-time scales help us understand the fundamental mechanisms that underpin neural processes and relate these processes to neuroscience data Modeling at the single neuron level is necessary because this is the level at which information is exchanged between the computing elements of the brain; the neurons Mesoscopic models tell us how neural elements interact to yield emergent behavior at the level of microcolumns and cortical columns Macroscopic models can inform us about whole brain dynamics and interactions between large-scale neural systems such as cortical regions, the thalamus, and brain stem Each level of description relates uniquely to neuroscience data, from single-unit recordings, through local field potentials to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electroencephalogram (EEG), and magnetoencephalogram (MEG) Models of the cortex can establish which types of large-scale neuronal networks can perform computations and characterize their emergent properties Mean-field and related formulations of dynamics also play an essential and complementary role as forward models that can be inverted given empirical data This makes dynamic models critical in integrating theory and experiments We argue that elaborating principled and informed models is a prerequisite for grounding empirical neuroscience in a cogent theoretical framework, commensurate with the achievements in the physical sciences

986 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, two biochar types produced from poultry litter under different pyrolysis conditions were tested in a pot trial by assessing the yield of radish (Raphanus sativus var Long Scarlet) as well as the soil quality of a hard-setting Chromosol (Alfisol).
Abstract: Despite the recent interest in biochars as soil amendments for improving soil quality and increasing soil carbon sequestration, there is inadequate knowledge on the soil amendment properties of these materials produced from different feed stocks and under different pyrolysis conditions This is particularly true for biochars produced from animal origins Two biochars produced from poultry litter under different conditions were tested in a pot trial by assessing the yield of radish (Raphanus sativus var Long Scarlet) as well as the soil quality of a hardsetting Chromosol (Alfisol) Four rates of biochar (0, 10, 25, and 50 t/ha), with and without nitrogen application (100 kg N/ha) were investigated Both biochars, without N fertiliser, produced similar increases in dry matter yield of radish, which were detectable at the lowest application rate, 10 t/ha The yield increase (%), compared with the unamended control rose from 42% at 10 t/ha to 96% at 50 t/ha of biochar application The yield increases can be attributed largely to the ability of these biochars to increase N availability Significant additional yield increases, in excess of that due to N fertiliser alone, were observed when N fertiliser was applied together with the biochars, highlighting the other beneficial effects of these biochars In this regard, the non activated poultry litter biochar produced at lower temperature (450°C) was more effective than the activated biochar produced at higher temperature (550°C), probably due to higher available P content Biochar addition to the hardsetting soil resulted in significant but different changes in soil chemical and physical properties, including increases in C, N, pH, and available P, but reduction in soil strength These different effects of the 2 different biochars can be related to their different characteristics Significantly different changes in soil biology in terms of microbial biomass and earthworm preference properties were also observed between the 2 biochars, but the underlying mechanisms require further research Our research highlights the importance of feedstock and process conditions during pyrolysis on the properties and, hence, soil amendment values of biochars

985 citations


Authors

Showing all 51897 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Ronald C. Kessler2741332328983
Nicholas G. Martin1921770161952
John C. Morris1831441168413
Richard S. Ellis169882136011
Ian J. Deary1661795114161
Nicholas J. Talley158157190197
Wolfgang Wagner1562342123391
Bruce D. Walker15577986020
Xiang Zhang1541733117576
Ian Smail15189583777
Rui Zhang1512625107917
Marvin Johnson1491827119520
John R. Hodges14981282709
Amartya Sen149689141907
J. Fraser Stoddart147123996083
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023389
20221,183
202111,342
202011,235
20199,891
20189,145