Showing papers by "University of Nice Sophia Antipolis published in 2017"
Uppsala University1, University of Trieste2, University of Oxford3, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust4, Winterthur Museum, Garden and Library5, University of Hohenheim6, University of Pennsylvania7, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais8, Fujita Health University9, Aalborg University10, University of Vermont11, Mount Carmel Health12, Sapienza University of Rome13, Kristianstad University College14, Medical University of Vienna15, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis16, VU University Medical Center17, HAN University of Applied Sciences18, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg19, Peking Union Medical College20, Université libre de Bruxelles21, Rabin Medical Center22
TL;DR: An agreement of basic nutritional terminology to be used in clinical practice, research, and the ESPEN guideline developments has been established and may help to support future global consensus efforts and updates of classification systems such as the International Classification of Disease.
1,294 citations
University of Virginia1, Liverpool John Moores University2, Texas Christian University3, Spanish National Research Council4, University of La Laguna5, Johns Hopkins University6, New Mexico State University7, Sternberg Astronomical Institute8, University of Arizona9, Ohio State University10, Pennsylvania State University11, University of Wisconsin-Madison12, Eötvös Loránd University13, University of Toronto14, University of Michigan15, University of Texas at Austin16, Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam17, Yale University18, University of Colorado Boulder19, New York University20, Princeton University21, University of Utah22, Goddard Space Flight Center23, Aarhus University24, University of Birmingham25, Harvard University26, Space Telescope Science Institute27, Computer Sciences Corporation28, Paris Diderot University29, INAF30, Max Planck Society31, Space Science Institute32, Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University33, University of Franche-Comté34, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro35, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis36
TL;DR: In this article, the Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office (K-119517) and Hungarian National Science Foundation (KNFI) have proposed a method to detect the presence of asteroids in Earth's magnetic field.
Abstract: National Science Foundation [AST-1109178, AST-1616636]; Gemini Observatory; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [AYA-2011-27754]; NASA [NNX12AE17G]; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Hungarian NKFI of the Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office [K-119517]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science
1,193 citations
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai1, University of Calgary2, Charles University in Prague3, Bezmialem Foundation University4, Medical University of Vienna5, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart6, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis7, University of Oxford8, Humanitas University9, University of California, San Diego10, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven11, University of California, Los Angeles12, AbbVie13, University of Amsterdam14
TL;DR: This trial aimed to compare endoscopic and clinical outcomes in patients with moderate to severe Crohn's disease who were managed with a tight control algorithm, using clinical symptoms and biomarkers, versus patients management with a clinical management algorithm.
575 citations
University of Tartu1, Tartu University Hospital2, McMaster University3, University of Lausanne4, Université catholique de Louvain5, University of Adelaide6, Medical University of Graz7, University of Vienna8, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis9, University of Bern10, Maastricht University11, Université libre de Bruxelles12, Tel Aviv University13, Rabin Medical Center14, Ghent University Hospital15, King's College London16, Karolinska University Hospital17, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham18, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven19, VU University Medical Center20
TL;DR: EEN reduced infectious complications in unselected critically ill patients, in patients with severe acute pancreatitis, and after GI surgery, and did not detect any evidence of superiority for early PN or delayed EN over EEN.
Abstract: Purpose
To provide evidence-based guidelines for early enteral nutrition (EEN) during critical illness.
493 citations
European Space Research and Technology Centre1, Russian Academy of Sciences2, INAF3, University of Valladolid4, Max Planck Society5, Goddard Space Flight Center6, Institut Universitaire de France7, McGill University8, Spanish National Research Council9, Space Research Centre10, Free University of Berlin11, École normale supérieure de Lyon12, Planetary Science Institute13, Alenia Aeronautica14, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis15, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales16
TL;DR: The second ExoMars mission will be launched in 2020 to target an ancient location interpreted to have strong potential for past habitability and for preserving physical and chemical biosignatures (as well as abiotic/prebiotic organics).
Abstract: The second ExoMars mission will be launched in 2020 to target an ancient location interpreted to have strong potential for past habitability and for preserving physical and chemical biosignatures (as well as abiotic/prebiotic organics). The mission will deliver a lander with instruments for atmospheric and geophysical investigations and a rover tasked with searching for signs of extinct life. The ExoMars rover will be equipped with a drill to collect material from outcrops and at depth down to 2 m. This subsurface sampling capability will provide the best chance yet to gain access to chemical biosignatures. Using the powerful Pasteur payload instruments, the ExoMars science team will conduct a holistic search for traces of life and seek corroborating geological context information. Key Words: Biosignatures-ExoMars-Landing sites-Mars rover-Search for life. Astrobiology 17, 471-510.
349 citations
TL;DR: In this phase 2 trial, selective blockade of interleukin‐23 with risankizumab was associated with clinical responses superior to those associated with ustekinumab, and this trial was not large enough or of long enough duration to draw conclusions about safety.
Abstract: BackgroundInterleukin-23 is thought to be critical to the pathogenesis of psoriasis. We compared risankizumab (BI 655066), a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody that inhibits interleukin-23 by specifically targeting the p19 subunit and thus prevents interleukin-23 signaling, and ustekinumab, an interleukin-12 and interleukin-23 inhibitor, in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. MethodsWe randomly assigned a total of 166 patients to receive subcutaneous injections of risankizumab (a single 18-mg dose at week 0 or 90-mg or 180-mg doses at weeks 0, 4, and 16) or ustekinumab (45 or 90 mg, according to body weight, at weeks 0, 4, and 16). The primary end point was a 90% or greater reduction from baseline in the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score at week 12. ResultsAt week 12, the percentage of patients with a 90% or greater reduction in the PASI score was 77% (64 of 83 patients) for risankizumab (90-mg and 180-mg groups, pooled), as compared with 40% (16 of 40 patients) for ustekinumab...
347 citations
Autonomous University of Barcelona1, Arizona State University2, University of Central Lancashire3, The Chinese University of Hong Kong4, École nationale supérieure de l'électronique et de ses applications5, Oslo University Hospital6, Simula Research Laboratory7, Seoul National University8, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis9, German Cancer Research Center10, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology11, University College London12, University of Barcelona13, Mayo Clinic14
TL;DR: Results show that convolutional neural networks are the state of the art in polyp detection and it is also demonstrated that combining different methodologies can lead to an improved overall performance.
Abstract: Colonoscopy is the gold standard for colon cancer screening though some polyps are still missed, thus preventing early disease detection and treatment. Several computational systems have been proposed to assist polyp detection during colonoscopy but so far without consistent evaluation. The lack of publicly available annotated databases has made it difficult to compare methods and to assess if they achieve performance levels acceptable for clinical use. The Automatic Polyp Detection sub-challenge, conducted as part of the Endoscopic Vision Challenge ( http://endovis.grand-challenge.org ) at the international conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI) in 2015, was an effort to address this need. In this paper, we report the results of this comparative evaluation of polyp detection methods, as well as describe additional experiments to further explore differences between methods. We define performance metrics and provide evaluation databases that allow comparison of multiple methodologies. Results show that convolutional neural networks are the state of the art. Nevertheless, it is also demonstrated that combining different methodologies can lead to an improved overall performance.
331 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the fundamental principles and applications of this emerging field for continuous phase and amplitude characterization at extremely high repetition rates via time-stretch spectral interferometry are reviewed.
Abstract: Photonic time-stretch techniques and their applications are reviewed. The approach enables the observation of signals that are otherwise too short or rapid for conventional measurement. Observing non-repetitive and statistically rare signals that occur on short timescales requires fast real-time measurements that exceed the speed, precision and record length of conventional digitizers. Photonic time stretch is a data acquisition method that overcomes the speed limitations of electronic digitizers and enables continuous ultrafast single-shot spectroscopy, imaging, reflectometry, terahertz and other measurements at refresh rates reaching billions of frames per second with non-stop recording spanning trillions of consecutive frames. The technology has opened a new frontier in measurement science unveiling transient phenomena in nonlinear dynamics such as optical rogue waves and soliton molecules, and in relativistic electron bunching. It has also created a new class of instruments that have been integrated with artificial intelligence for sensing and biomedical diagnostics. We review the fundamental principles and applications of this emerging field for continuous phase and amplitude characterization at extremely high repetition rates via time-stretch spectral interferometry.
317 citations
University of California, Berkeley1, University of Arizona2, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis3, Tel Aviv University4, University of California, Santa Cruz5, Weizmann Institute of Science6, University of Zurich7, Paris Diderot University8, Goddard Space Flight Center9, Southwest Research Institute10
TL;DR: In this paper, a selection of interior models based on ab initio computer simulations of hydrogen-helium mixtures is presented. But, the model predictions are strongly affected by the chosen equation of state, the prediction of an enrichment of Z in the deep, metallic envelope over that in the shallow, molecular envelope holds.
Abstract: The Juno spacecraft has measured Jupiter's low-order, even gravitational moments, J2–J8, to an unprecedented precision, providing important constraints on the density profile and core mass of the planet. Here we report on a selection of interior models based on ab initio computer simulations of hydrogen-helium mixtures. We demonstrate that a dilute core, expanded to a significant fraction of the planet's radius, is helpful in reconciling the calculated Jn with Juno's observations. Although model predictions are strongly affected by the chosen equation of state, the prediction of an enrichment of Z in the deep, metallic envelope over that in the shallow, molecular envelope holds. We estimate Jupiter's core to contain a 7–25 Earth mass of heavy elements. We discuss the current difficulties in reconciling measured Jn with the equations of state and with theory for formation and evolution of the planet.
279 citations
TL;DR: The identification of GABA as an inducer of α-to-β-like cell conversion in vivo, which induces α cell replacement mechanisms through the mobilization of duct-lining precursor cells that adopt an α cell identity prior to being converted into β-like cells, solely upon sustained GABA exposure.
233 citations
TL;DR: A classification method based on the suitability of well-studied molecular markers for typing the 21 known Leishmania species pathogenic to humans is proposed, which can be applied to newly discovered species and to hybrid strains originating from inter-species crosses.
Liverpool John Moores University1, Spanish National Research Council2, University of La Laguna3, INAF4, University of Franche-Comté5, Max Planck Society6, University of New South Wales7, University of Arizona8, Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam9, University of Texas at Austin10, Eötvös Loránd University11, Apache Corporation12, Sternberg Astronomical Institute13, University of Notre Dame14, University of Virginia15, Ohio State University16, Texas Christian University17, Pennsylvania State University18, New Mexico State University19, Steward Health Care System20, University of Michigan21, University of Toronto22, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis23, Johns Hopkins University24
TL;DR: Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, National Science Foundation, US Department of Energy Office of Science, University of Arizona, Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory; University of Cambridge; Carnegie Mellon University; University Of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group and Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy Office of Science; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; University of Cambridge; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group; Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale University; Physics Frontier Center/Joint Institute or Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA) [PHY 14-30152]; Physics Frontier Center/JINA Center for the Evolution of the Elements (JINA-CEE) by the US National Science Foundation; US National Science Foundation; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [AYA2010-16717, AYA2013-42781P]; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) [AYA2014-56359-P]; Australian Research Council through DECRA Fellowship [DE140100598]; Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Ramon y Cajal fellowship [RYC-2013-14182]; MINECO [AYA-2014-58082-P]
TL;DR: Disease duration, treatment history, and disease activity, as well as impact on health‐related quality of life and work among patients with inadequately controlled CSU are documented and its humanistic, societal, and economic burden is described.
Abstract: Background
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) can be debilitating, difficult to treat, and frustrating for patients and physicians Real-world evidence for the burden of CSU is limited The objective of this study was to document disease duration, treatment history, and disease activity, as well as impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and work among patients with inadequately controlled CSU, and to describe its humanistic, societal, and economic burden
Methods
This international observational study assessed a cohort of 673 adult patients with CSU whose symptoms persisted for ≥12 months despite treatment Demographics, disease characteristics, and health care resources in the previous 12 months were collected from medical records Patient-reported data on urticaria and angioedema symptoms, HRQoL, and work productivity and activity impairment were collected from a survey and a diary
Results
Almost 50% of patients had moderate-to-severe disease activity as reported by Urticaria Activity Score Mean (SD) Dermatology Life Quality Index and Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life Questionnaire scores were 91 (662) and 336 (2099), respectively CSU markedly interfered with sleep and daily activities Angioedema in the previous 12 months was reported by 66% of enrolled patients and significantly affected HRQoL More than 20% of patients reported ≥1 hour per week of missed work; productivity impairment was 27% These effects increased with greater disease activity Significant health care resources and costs were incurred to treat CSU
Conclusions
CSU has considerable humanistic and economic impacts Patients with greater disease activity and with angioedema experience greater HRQoL impairments
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TL;DR: The Mars Organic Molecule Analyzer instrument onboard the ESA/Roscosmos ExoMars rover (to launch in July, 2020) will analyze volatile and refractory organic compounds in martian surface and subsurface sediments.
Abstract: The Mars Organic Molecule Analyzer (MOMA) instrument onboard the ESA/Roscosmos ExoMars rover (to launch in July, 2020) will analyze volatile and refractory organic compounds in martian surface and subsurface sediments. In this study, we describe the design, current status of development, and analytical capabilities of the instrument. Data acquired on preliminary MOMA flight-like hardware and experimental setups are also presented, illustrating their contribution to the overall science return of the mission. Key Words: Mars—Mass spectrometry—Life detection—Planetary instrumentation. Astrobiology 17, 655–685.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors determined the Love number of the entire planet from observations, k2=0.390 ± 0.024, a value larger than the commonly used theoretical value of 0.341, but compatible with more recent models (Helled & Guillot, 2013) for which the static k2 ranges from 0.355 to 0.382.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors have carried out the numerical investigation for the melting of graphene nano-particles dispersed phase change materials (PCM) filled in an aluminum square cavity heated from one side, and showed that the addition of graphene nanoparticles increases melting rate but can also hamper the convection heat transfer within large cavities.
INAF1, University of Milan2, Aix-Marseille University3, University of Edinburgh4, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis5, University of Bologna6, Jan Kochanowski University7, Hoffmann-La Roche8, Jagiellonian University9, University of St Andrews10, Roma Tre University11, University of Geneva12, University of Saint Mary13
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the growth rate of cosmological structure from the modelling of the anisotropic galaxy clustering measured in the final data release of the VIPERS survey.
Abstract: We present measurements of the growth rate of cosmological structure from the modelling of the anisotropic galaxy clustering measured in the final data release of the VIPERS survey. The analysis is carried out in configuration space and based on measurements of the first two even multipole moments of the anisotropic galaxy auto-correlation function, in two redshift bins spanning the range 0.5 θθ and P δθ that appear in RSD models. These tests show that we are able to measure the growth rate with negligible bias down to separations of 5 h -1 Mpc. Interestingly, the application to real data shows a weaker sensitivity to the details of non-linear RSD corrections compared to mock results. We obtain consistent values for the growth rate times the matter power spectrum normalisation parameter of f σ 8 = 0.55 ± 0.12 and 0.40 ± 0.11 at effective redshifts of z = 0.6 and z = 0.86 respectively. These results are in agreement with standard cosmology predictions assuming Einstein gravity in a ΛCDM background.
TL;DR: The first Gaia Data Release contains the Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution (TGAS) component by means of the astrometric data for open clusters as discussed by the authors, which is a subset of about 2 million stars for which, besides the position and photometry, the proper motion and parallax are calculated using Hipparcos and Tycho 2 positions in 1991.
Abstract: Context. The first Gaia Data Release contains the Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution (TGAS). This is a subset of about 2 million stars for which, besides the position and photometry, the proper motion and parallax are calculated using Hipparcos and Tycho-2 positions in 1991.25 as prior information. Aims. We investigate the scientific potential and limitations of the TGAS component by means of the astrometric data for open clusters. Methods. Mean cluster parallax and proper motion values are derived taking into account the error correlations within the astrometric solutions for individual stars, an estimate of the internal velocity dispersion in the cluster, and, where relevant, the effects of the depth of the cluster along the line of sight. Internal consistency of the TGAS data is assessed. Results. Values given for standard uncertainties are still inaccurate and may lead to unrealistic unit-weight standard deviations of least squares solutions for cluster parameters. Reconstructed mean cluster parallax and proper motion values are generally in very good agreement with earlier Hipparcos-based determination, although the Gaia mean parallax for the Pleiades is a significant exception. We have no current explanation for that discrepancy. Most clusters are observed to extend to nearly 15 pc from the cluster centre, and it will be up to future Gaia releases to establish whether those potential cluster-member stars are still dynamically bound to the clusters. Conclusions. The Gaia DR1 provides the means to examine open clusters far beyond their more easily visible cores, and can provide membership assessments based on proper motions and parallaxes. A combined HR diagram shows the same features as observed before using the Hipparcos data, with clearly increased luminosities for older A and F dwarfs.
TL;DR: This study characterized a specific and sensitive lipid signature of NASH and positioned FADS1 as a significant player in accumulating toxic lipids during NASH progression.
Abstract: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a condition which can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Markers for NASH diagnosis are still lacking. We performed a comprehensive lipidomic analysis on human liver biopsies including normal liver, nonalcoholic fatty liver and NASH. Random forests-based machine learning approach allowed characterizing a signature of 32 lipids discriminating NASH with 100% sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, we validated this signature in an independent group of NASH patients. Then, metabolism dysregulations were investigated in both patients and murine models. Alterations of elongase and desaturase activities were observed along the fatty acid synthesis pathway. The decreased activity of the desaturase FADS1 appeared as a bottleneck, leading upstream to an accumulation of fatty acids and downstream to a deficiency of long-chain fatty acids resulting to impaired phospholipid synthesis. In NASH, mass spectrometry imaging on tissue section revealed the spreading into the hepatic parenchyma of selectively accumulated fatty acids. Such lipids constituted a highly toxic mixture to human hepatocytes. In conclusion, this study characterized a specific and sensitive lipid signature of NASH and positioned FADS1 as a significant player in accumulating toxic lipids during NASH progression.
Liverpool John Moores University1, University of Toronto2, Space Telescope Science Institute3, University of Utah4, Texas Christian University5, Spanish National Research Council6, University of La Laguna7, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis8, New Mexico State University9, University of Virginia10, Eötvös Loránd University11, Steward Health Care System12, University of Michigan13, Ohio State University14, University of Texas at Austin15
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used positions, abundances and ages for 31 244 red giant branch stars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)-APOGEE survey, spanning 3 < Rgc < 15 kpc, to dissect the disc into mono-age and mono-[Fe/H] populations at low and high [α/Fe].
Abstract: The measurement of the structure of stellar populations in the Milky Way disc places fundamental constraints on models of galaxy formation and evolution. Previously, the disc’s structure has been studied in terms of populations defined geometrically and/or chemically, but a decomposition based on stellar ages provides a more direct connection to the history of the disc, and stronger constraint on theory. Here, we use positions, abundances and ages for 31 244 red giant branch stars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)-APOGEE survey, spanning 3 < Rgc < 15 kpc, to dissect the disc into mono-age and mono-[Fe/H] populations at low and high [α/Fe]. For each population, with age < 2 Gyr and [Fe/H] < 0.1 dex, we measure the structure and surface-mass density contribution. We find that low [α/Fe] mono-age populations are fit well by a broken exponential, which increases to a peak radius and decreases thereafter. We show that this profile becomes broader with age, interpreted here as a new signal of disc heating and radial migration. High [α/Fe] populations are well fit as single exponentials within the radial range considered, with an average scalelength of 1.9 ± 0.1 kpc. We find that the relative contribution of high to low [α/Fe] populations at R0 is f� = 18 per cent ± 5 per cent; high [α/Fe] contributes most of the mass at old ages, and low [α/Fe] at young ages. The low and high [α/Fe] populations overlap in age at intermediate [Fe/H], although both contribute mass at R0 across the full range of [Fe/H]. The mass-weighted scaleheight hZ distribution is a smoothly declining exponential function. High [α/Fe] populations are thicker than low [α/Fe], and the average hZ increases steadily with age, between 200 and 600 pc.
TL;DR: The analyses show that the Oxford Nanopore technology is already usable for de novo sequencing and assembly; however, non-random errors in homopolymers require polishing the consensus using an alternate sequencing technology.
Abstract: Background Oxford Nanopore Technologies Ltd (Oxford, UK) have recently commercialized MinION, a small single-molecule nanopore sequencer, that offers the possibility of sequencing long DNA fragments from small genomes in a matter of seconds. The Oxford Nanopore technology is truly disruptive; it has the potential to revolutionize genomic applications due to its portability, low cost, and ease of use compared with existing long reads sequencing technologies. The MinION sequencer enables the rapid sequencing of small eukaryotic genomes, such as the yeast genome. Combined with existing assembler algorithms, near complete genome assemblies can be generated and comprehensive population genomic analyses can be performed. Results Here, we resequenced the genome of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C strain to evaluate the performance of nanopore-only assemblers. Then we de novo sequenced and assembled the genomes of 21 isolates representative of the S. cerevisiae genetic diversity using the MinION platform. The contiguity of our assemblies was 14 times higher than the Illumina-only assemblies and we obtained one or two long contigs for 65 % of the chromosomes. This high contiguity allowed us to accurately detect large structural variations across the 21 studied genomes. Conclusion Because of the high completeness of the nanopore assemblies, we were able to produce a complete cartography of transposable elements insertions and inspect structural variants that are generally missed using a short-read sequencing strategy. Our analyses show that the Oxford Nanopore technology is already usable for de novo sequencing and assembly; however, non-random errors in homopolymers require polishing the consensus using an alternate sequencing technology.
TL;DR: The authors employ a qualitative method in analyzing the core ideational features of populism in four different populist parties, both left and right, and find that all four parties converge in particular on their conception of the elite as a separate "caste", in relation to economic and European integration conflicts, operating on patriotism and in claiming that they represent the true interests of the sovereign people.
Abstract: This article engages in a comparative analysis of populist parties across the West-European left-right spectrum. Conceptualizing populism as a ‘thin ideology’, we argue that populist parties show both similarities and differences, and that these are a product of the interaction of the core features of populism with the ‘thicker’ ideological traditions from which the different parties draw upon. We employ a qualitative method in analyzing the core ideational features of populism in four different populist parties, both left and right. We find that all four parties converge in particular on their conception of the elite as a separate ‘caste’, in relation to economic and European integration conflicts, operating on patriotism and in claiming that they represent the true interests of the sovereign people. They differ, however, in their conception of the ‘true’ people that they presumably represent and the nature of popular sovereignty and populist democracy.
TL;DR: Malnutrition is prevalent up to 83% in older patients with cancer scheduled to receive chemotherapy, and low Mini-Nutritional-Assessment score was an independent predictor of early discontinuation of chemotherapy and increased the risk of mortality.
TL;DR: Serious games appeared promising because they can support training on many different skills and they favour interactions in diverse contexts and situations, some of which may resemble real life.
Abstract: The use of information communication technologies (ICTs) in therapy offers new perspectives for treating many domains in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) because they can be used in many different ways and settings and they are attractive to the patients. We reviewed the available literature on serious games that are used to teach social interactions to individuals with ASD. After screening the Medline, Science Direct and ACM Digital Library databases, we found a total of 31 serious games: 16 that targeted emotion recognition or production and 15 that targeted social skills. There was a significant correlation between the number of reports per year and the year of publication. Serious games appeared promising because they can support training on many different skills and they favour interactions in diverse contexts and situations, some of which may resemble real life. However, the currently available serious games exhibit some limitations: (i) most of them are developed for High-Functioning individuals; (ii) their clinical validation has rarely met the evidence-based medicine standards; (iii) the game design is not usually described; and, (iv) in many cases, the clinical validation and playability/game design are not compatible.
TL;DR: The results showed an overall good insecticidal activity of the compounds tested, with a higher mortality through contact on eggs and larvae by EO emulsions and through ingestion on larvae by OO-NPs, and nanoformulation significantly reduced the visible toxic effects on the plants.
Abstract: The repeated use of conventional synthetic pesticides in crop protection leads to resistance development by pests along with a negative impact on the environment, particularly non-target arthropods. Plant-derived active compounds, such as essential oils (EOs), play a key role in sustainably controlling pests. The lethal and sublethal activity of citrus peel EOs as emulsions and included in polyethylene glycol (PEG) nanoparticles (EO-NPs) was determined against the invasive tomato pest Tuta absoluta. Their effects on the plants were also assessed. The results showed an overall good insecticidal activity of the compounds tested, with a higher mortality through contact on eggs and larvae by EO emulsions and through ingestion on larvae by EO-NPs. The nanoformulation also significantly reduced the visible toxic effects on the plants. The data collected suggest that these natural compounds, especially when nanoformulated, could be successfully used in integrated pest management programs for T. absoluta.
TL;DR: The need for a human assessment of creative programming while pointing the limits of an automated analytical tool, which does not reflect the creative diversity of the Scratch projects and overrates algorithmic complexity is suggested.
Abstract: Creative and problem-solving competencies are part of the so-called twenty-first century skills. The creative use of digital technologies to solve problems is also related to computational thinking as a set of cognitive and metacognitive strategies in which the learner is engaged in an active design and creation process and mobilized computational concepts and methods. At different educational levels, computational thinking can be developed and assessed through solving ill-defined problems. This paper introduces computational thinking in the context of Higher Education creative programming activities. In this study, we engage undergraduate students in a creative programming activity using Scratch. Then, we analyze the computational thinking scores of an automatic analysis tool and the human assessment of the creative programming projects. Results suggested the need for a human assessment of creative programming while pointing the limits of an automated analytical tool, which does not reflect the creative diversity of the Scratch projects and overrates algorithmic complexity.
University of Bologna1, Aix-Marseille University2, Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University3, INAF4, University of Milan5, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis6, Jan Kochanowski University7, Hoffmann-La Roche8, Jagiellonian University9, University of St Andrews10, Roma Tre University11, University of Geneva12
TL;DR: In this paper, the first quantitative detection of large-scale filamentary structure at z ≃ 0.7 in the large cosmological volume probed by the VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS) was presented.
Abstract: We present the first quantitative detection of large-scale filamentary structure at z ≃ 0.7 in the large cosmological volume probed by the VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS). We use simulations to show the capability of VIPERS to recover robust topological features in the galaxy distribution, in particular the filamentary network. We then investigate how galaxies with different stellar masses and stellar activities are distributed around the filaments, and find a significant segregation, with the most massive or quiescent galaxies being closer to the filament axis than less massive or active galaxies. The signal persists even after downweighting the contribution of peak regions. Our results suggest that massive and quiescent galaxies assemble their stellar mass through successive mergers during their migration along filaments towards the nodes of the cosmic web. On the other hand, low-mass star-forming galaxies prefer the outer edge of filaments, a vorticity-rich region dominated by smooth accretion, as predicted by the recent spin alignment theory. This emphasizes the role of large-scale cosmic flows in shaping galaxy properties.
TL;DR: The results indicate that Shank3 is essential to mediating metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu5)-receptor signaling by recruiting Homer1b/c to the PSD, specifically in the striatum and cortex, and augmenting mGLU5-receptor activity by administering 3-Cyano-N-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzamide ameliorated the functional and behavioral defects that
Abstract: SHANK3 (also called PROSAP2) genetic haploinsufficiency is thought to be the major cause of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS). PMS is a rare genetic disorder that causes a severe form of intellectual disability (ID), expressive language delays and other autistic features. Furthermore, a significant number of SHANK3 mutations have been identified in patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and SHANK3 truncating mutations are associated with moderate to profound ID. The Shank3 protein is a scaffold protein that is located in the postsynaptic density (PSD) of excitatory synapses and is crucial for synapse development and plasticity. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms associated with the ASD-like behaviors observed in Shank3Δ11-/- mice, in which exon 11 has been deleted. Our results indicate that Shank3 is essential to mediating metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu5)-receptor signaling by recruiting Homer1b/c to the PSD, specifically in the striatum and cortex. Moreover, augmenting mGlu5-receptor activity by administering 3-Cyano-N-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzamide ameliorated the functional and behavioral defects that were observed in Shank3Δ11-/- mice, suggesting that pharmaceutical treatments that increase mGlu5 activity may represent a new approach for treating patients that are affected by PMS and SHANK3 mutations.
TL;DR: In this article, a local regression technique was used to calibrate the E p,i −E iso correlation between the peak photon energy and the isotropic equivalent radiated energy in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs).
Abstract: Context. Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most energetics explosions in the Universe. They are detectable up to very high redshifts. They may therefore be used to study the expansion rate of the Universe and to investigate the observational properties of dark energy, provided that empirical correlations between spectral and intensity properties are appropriately calibrated.Aims. We used the type Ia supernova (SN) luminosity distances to calibrate the correlation between the peak photon energy, E p,i , and the isotropic equivalent radiated energy, E iso in GRBs. With this correlation, we tested the reliability of applying these phenomena to measure cosmological parameters and to obtain indications on the basic properties and evolution of dark energy.Methods. Using 162 GRBs with measured redshifts and spectra as of the end of 2013, we applied a local regression technique to calibrate the E p,i –E iso correlation against the type Ia SN data to build a calibrated GRB Hubble diagram. We tested the possible redshift dependence of the correlation and its effect on the Hubble diagram. Finally, we used the GRB Hubble diagram to investigate the dark energy equation of state (EOS). To accomplish this, we focused on the so-called Chevalier-Polarski-Linder (CPL) parametrization of the dark energy EOS and implemented the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method to efficiently sample the space of cosmological parameters.Results. Our analysis shows once more that the E p,i –E iso correlation has no significant redshift dependence. Therefore the high-redshift GRBs can be used as a cosmological tool to determine the basic cosmological parameters and to test different models of dark energy in the redshift region (z ≥ 3), which is unexplored by the SNIa and baryonic acoustic oscillations data. Our updated calibrated Hubble diagram of GRBs provides some marginal indication (at 1σ level) of an evolving dark energy EOS. A significant enlargement of the GRB sample and improvements in the accuracy of the standardization procedure is needed to confirm or reject, in combination with forthcoming measurements of other cosmological probes, this intriguing and potentially very relevant indication.
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TL;DR: The voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) acts as a platform for many proteins and in so doing supports glycolysis and prevents apoptosis by interacting with hexokinase, or members of the Bcl-2 family, respectively.