University of Nice Sophia Antipolis

About: University of Nice Sophia Antipolis is a education organization based out in Nice, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Stars. The organization has 10291 authors who have published 19964 publications receiving 680762 citations. The organization is also known as: UNS & University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis.

Insights into social insects from the genome of the honeybee Apis mellifera

Abstract: Here we report the genome sequence of the honeybee Apis mellifera, a key model for social behaviour and essential to global ecology through pollination. Compared with other sequenced insect genomes, the A. mellifera genome has high A+T and CpG contents, lacks major transposon families, evolves more slowly, and is more similar to vertebrates for circadian rhythm, RNA interference and DNA methylation genes, among others. Furthermore, A. mellifera has fewer genes for innate immunity, detoxification enzymes, cuticle-forming proteins and gustatory receptors, more genes for odorant receptors, and novel genes for nectar and pollen utilization, consistent with its ecology and social organization. Compared to Drosophila, genes in early developmental pathways differ in Apis, whereas similarities exist for functions that differ markedly, such as sex determination, brain function and behaviour. Population genetics suggests a novel African origin for the species A. mellifera and insights into whether Africanized bees spread throughout the New World via hybridization or displacement.

Thermal field theory

Abstract: Now in paperback, this text introduces the theoretical framework for describing the quark-gluon plasma, an important new state of matter The first part of this book is a self-contained introduction to relativistic thermal field theory Topics include the path integral approach, the real and the imaginary time formalisms, fermion fields and gauge fields at finite temperature Useful techniques such as the evaluation of frequency sums or the use of cutting rules are illustrated on various examples The second part of the book is devoted to recent developments, giving a detailed account of collective excitations (bosonic and fermionic), and showing how they give rise to energy scales which imply a reorganization of perturbation theory The relation with kinetic theory is also explained Applications to processes which occur in heavy ion collisions and in astrophysics are worked out in detail Each chapter ends with exercises and a guide to the literature

Hypoxia signalling in cancer and approaches to enforce tumour regression

Abstract: Tumour cells emerge as a result of genetic alteration of signal circuitries promoting cell growth and survival, whereas their expansion relies on nutrient supply. Oxygen limitation is central in controlling neovascularization, glucose metabolism, survival and tumour spread. This pleiotropic action is orchestrated by hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), which is a master transcriptional factor in nutrient stress signalling. Understanding the role of HIF in intracellular pH (pH(i)) regulation, metabolism, cell invasion, autophagy and cell death is crucial for developing novel anticancer therapies. There are new approaches to enforce necrotic cell death and tumour regression by targeting tumour metabolism and pH(i)-control systems.

The Einstein Telescope: a third-generation gravitational wave observatory

Abstract: Advanced gravitational wave interferometers, currently under realization, will soon permit the detection of gravitational waves from astronomical sources. To open the era of precision gravitational wave astronomy, a further substantial improvement in sensitivity is required. The future space-based Laser Interferometer Space Antenna and the third-generation ground-based observatory Einstein Telescope (ET) promise to achieve the required sensitivity improvements in frequency ranges. The vastly improved sensitivity of the third generation of gravitational wave observatories could permit detailed measurements of the sources' physical parameters and could complement, in a multi-messenger approach, the observation of signals emitted by cosmological sources obtained through other kinds of telescopes. This paper describes the progress of the ET project which is currently in its design study phase.