Showing papers by "University of Nigeria, Nsukka published in 1986"
TL;DR: The main constituents of the ethanol extract of Pyrenacantha staudtii leaves were identified to be triterpenoid saponins and orally this extract was shown to protect rats from developing gastric ulcers induced by various experimental models: drugs, cold-restraint stress and Shay rat.
57 citations
TL;DR: The results obtained show that the fresh oil given intraperitoneally offers some protection against leptazol-induced convulsions.
56 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors defined seven pollen assemblages from the eastern Atlantic offshore NW Africa, and their distribution in the marine sediments can be explained by their provenance, the timing of pollen release and pollen transport, and the major transport systems (winds) effective at that moment of the year.
Abstract: The climatic gradient in NW Africa is reflected in the vegetation by a series of distinct vegetation zones. Pollen and spores from this area are transported to the Atlantic mainly by the trades and the African Easterly Jet (Saharan Air Layer). Seven pollen assemblages have been defined in recent surface sediments from the eastern Atlantic offshore NW Africa, and their distribution in the marine sediments can be explained by their provenance, the timing of pollen release and pollen transport, and the major transport systems (winds) effective at that moment of the year. In this way the distribution of selected assemblages and taxa trace the positioning of the major wind belts.
47 citations
TL;DR: The hypoglycaemic action of the glycosidic portion in particular was prompt and potent, in normal as well as in severely alloxan-diabetic rabbits suggesting thereby the possibility of obtaining an agent that could act in conditions of even severe insulin lack.
47 citations
TL;DR: The Eocene Ameki Formation of the Afikpo syncline in southeastern Nigeria is composed of sandstones and mudrocks and five sedimentary facies are distinguished as mentioned in this paper.
39 citations
01 Jun 1986
TL;DR: Storage of linamarase-producing organisms in refrigerated cassava pulp was found to be a suitable method of preserving and transporting them and suggested as the organism of preference among the isolates for cassav pulp detoxication.
Abstract: Fifty-five organisms comprising 40 bacteria, eleven yeasts and four moulds were isolated from various habitats and tested for the production of the enzyme linamarase using the release of HCN and glucose from linamarin. Only seven organisms were shown to produce linamarase: the bacteriaLeuconostoc mesenteroides, Alcaligenes faecalis, the yeastsSaccharomyces cerevisiae andRhodotorula minuta, and the mouldsAspergillus flavus, A. niger andFusarium oxysporum. A preliminary screening method used the ability to break down the glucosidep-nitrophenyl--D glucoside (PNPG). Organisms breaking down PNPG also broke down linamarin and vice-versa. The highest linamarase producers among the yeasts and bacteria as determined by HCN liberation from cassava pulp were the yeastsSacch. cerevisiae andR. minuta in about 80 and 96 hours, respectively. SinceSaccharomyces sp. withstood the highest concentration of the cyanide ion it is suggested as the organism of preference among the isolates for cassava pulp detoxication. Storage of linamarase-producing organisms in refrigerated cassava pulp was found to be a suitable method of preserving and transporting them.
38 citations
TL;DR: It was found that somatization is used by Nigerian females to contain their stress, and the pregnant females scored lowest while those women who can no longer deliver scored highest.
Abstract: Among Nigerian mentally ill a constant male-female ratio of 2:1, over-representation of single males and married females and the tendency for the females who seek psychiatric aid to be psychotic with schizoaffective disturbances have been observed. The question arose as to why this is so. To answer this, the Enugu Somatization Scale, developed in an effort to avoid the difficulty encountered in using Western diagnostic illness categories and scales for assessing mental illness in Nigeria was administered to 51 mentally ill females, 60 adolescent secondary school girls, 67 post secondary school females, 149 pregnant females, and 60 women who were once able to bear children but now no longer can. It was found that somatization is used by Nigerian females to contain their stress. The pregnant females scored lowest while those women who can no longer deliver scored highest. Pregancy is seen as a state of rest from societal stress for the females, who otherwise are not allowed by the society to be so mentally ill as to seek a psychiatrist and who have to be psychotic to be able to do so. Various tentative, dynamic explanations of the items in the scale answered in the affirmative by a wide cross section of the women, based on the clinical experience of the author, are offered.
37 citations
TL;DR: The tick-borne fever model used in the present study can be of value in testing the therapeutic efficacy and pharmacokinetics of chemotherapeutic agents in rickettsial infections.
37 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the monotomc Lipschitzian operator T → H converges strongly to a solution q of x + Tx Tx = h. Explicit error estimates are given.
Abstract: Suppose H is a complex Hilbert space and K is a nonempty closed convex subset of H. Suppose T: K → H is a monotomc Lipschitzian mapping with constant L ≧ 1 such that, for x in K and h in H, the equation x + Tx Tx = h has a solution q in K. Given x0 in K, let {Cn}∞n=0 be a real sequence satisfying: (i) C0 = 1, (ii) 0 ≦ Cn < L-2 for all n ≧ 1, (iii) ΣnCn(1 − Cn) diverges. Then the sequence {Pn}∞n=0 in H defined by pn = (1 − Cn)xn + CnSxn, n ≧ 0, where {xn}∞n=0 in K is such that, for each n ≧ 1, ∥ xn – Pn−1 ∥ = infx ∈ k ∥ Pn−1 − x ∥, converges strongly to a solution q of x + Tx = h. Explicit error estimates are given. A similar result is also proved for the case when the operator T is locally Lipschitzian and monotone.
37 citations
TL;DR: The aqueous leaf extract of Azadirachta indica substantially inhibited NADPH cytochrome C(P-450) reductase activity in rats with a significant increase in the microsomal protein.
36 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the determinants of smallholder loan repayment among the clientele farmers of the Ondo State Agricultural Credit Corporation in Nigeria were examined, and four major determinants were identified, which had tremendous effect on the loan repayment performance of the farmers.
TL;DR: A review of the chemistry and uses of angular phenothiazine derivatives can be found in this paper, where the angular azaphenothiazines have wide industrial application, typified by their use as dyes and pigments, drugs, sensitizers for photocopying materials, polymerization retardants and particularly as antioxidants in gasoline, grease and other petroleum lubricants.
TL;DR: The methanol extract of the stem bark of Schumanniophyton magnificum and schumanniofoside, a chromone alkaloidal glycoside isolated from it, reduced the lethal effect of black cobra venom in mice.
TL;DR: The first comprehensive report on the chemistry and industrial applications of angular phenoxazines is presented in this paper, which includes their uses as drugs, polymerization retardants, photosensitizers, acid-base indicators, redox indicators, biological stains, metal extradants and most importantly as dyes and pigments for the textile, paint and varnish industries.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the strength, swelling and absorbability of CaCl 2 and Portland Cement with binding meterials and found that the treatment with the binding materials significantly improved the hardness of te absorbent.
TL;DR: In this article, three products were prepared from the Nigerian red skin groundnuts; undefatted flour (UGF), hexane-extracted defatted flour, and a protein concentrate made by isoelectric centrifuging (GPC).
Abstract: Three products were prepared from the Nigerian red skin groundnuts; undefatted flour (UGF), hexane-extracted defatted flour (DGF), and a protein concentrate made by isoelectric centrifuging (GPC). Their functional properties were examined and compared with those of egg white powder and yolk to characterise their potential use in food preparations. The GPC performed better in functional properties than DGF and UGF. Emulsification capacity was higher than that of UGF and DGF but comparable to that of egg yolk. A 5% dispersion whipped better than egg white powder and produced more stable foams over a 3-h period. Both water and fat absorption capacities were better and a 10% aqueous dispersion of the GPC was more viscous than similar dispersions of DGF and UGF respectively. Least gelation concentrations were 5, 3 and 4% for GPC, DGF and UGF. The high emulsification capacity, water and fat absorption capacities suggest that the GPC could be used in processed meat products, confections and beverages while the good whipping properties point to its potential use in products like meringue, bread and hot cakes.
TL;DR: In this paper, a dimensionless analysis of these factors was carried out in an attempt to generalise the night-time behavior of solar stills, and the results indicated that the distillate output is uniquely determined by the stored thermal energy in the still at sunset.
TL;DR: There was no evidence of widespread contamination of public places, as Toxocara ova were recovered only from some private premises, namely, those of a dog owner and the kennel of a veterinary hospital.
TL;DR: In this paper, the flat plat collector is designed and tested with rice paddy and yam slices and the results showed that the collector yielded average efficiencies of 73-81% with a steep temperature gradient between the top compartment and the bottom compartment, where temperatures were only 2-6°C above ambient.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors described metasediments comprising phyllites, schists and gneisses as the predominant rock types in Uwet area of the Oban Massif of southeastern Nigeria.
Abstract: Metasediments comprising phyllites, schists and gneisses constitute the predominant rock types in Uwet area of the Oban Massif of southeastern Nigeria. These rocks which range from middle greenschist to uppermost amphibolite facies grade are products of Barrovian-type regional metamorphism. They are of Pan-African age (600 ± 100 Ma).
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of groundwater samples from 35 boreholes in the Okposi-Uburu salt lake area were analyzed and the data reveal that concentrations of dissolved geochemical constituents such as calcium (Ca2+), manganese (Mn2+) and magnesium (Mg2+ ), chloride (C1−), and sulphate (SO2+ 4) ions show significant areal variations.
Abstract: Hydrogeochemical data of groundwater samples from 35 boreholes drilled in the Okposi-Uburu salt lake area are analysed. The data reveal that concentrations of dissolved geochemical constituents such as calcium (Ca2+), manganese (Mn2+), magnesium (Mg2+), chloride (C1−), and sulphate (SO2+ 4) ions show significant areal variations. Dissolved solids, chloride and manganese ions have concentrations up to and above the objectionable limits for drinking water in the salt lake area. Concentrations of dissolved solids in this zone are about 1200 mg 1−1. Concentrations of chloride and manganese ions are 350 mg 1−1 and 1.0 mg 1−1 respectively. These geochemical constituents and groundwater flow patterns show that transport of contaminants away from the source zone has been greatly influenced by advection, while in areas of high velocity dispersion is the controlling factor. Temperatures for the Okposi and Uburu salt springs are 34.4 and 37.5°C respectively. Bomb tritium indicated water of pre-1953 age. Deu...
TL;DR: The isolate was sensitive to clotrimazole at a concentration of 10 micrograms ml-1 and responded well to topical application of a lotion of this antimycotic.
Abstract: Clinical features of a case of finger and toe nail infection due to Hendersonula toruloidea and the characteristics of the isolate are described. The isolate was sensitive to clotrimazole at a concentration of 10 μg ml-1. The patient responded well to topical application of a lotion of this antimycotic.
TL;DR: In this paper, three grain-size statistical methods and Logan's (1964) approximation method were used to calculate hydraulic conductivity (K), transmissivity (T) and storativity (S) for the aquifers of the Ajali Formation of Nigeria.
TL;DR: In this paper, heat transfer in an absorbing and emitting nongray Boussinesq fluid within the annular gap of two infinitely long isothermal horizontal concentric cylinders is studied analytically.
TL;DR: Traditional Obstetric care among women of the Igbo tribe in Nigeria is described and the role of traditional birth attendants, antenatal care, management of delivery complications, postnatal care and traditional community practices surrounding birth are discussed.
TL;DR: The effects of the water extract of Sphenostylis stenocarpa were observed on the guinea pig ileum and rabbit jejunum suggesting a competitive antagonism.
Abstract: The effects of the water extract ofSphenostylis stenocarpa were observed on the guinea pig ileum and rabbit jejunum. The extract produced dose dependent — contractions of the guinea pig ileum with an ED50 of 3.664×10−5 g/ml and a calculated dose ratio of 1.25. The extract specifically stimulated muscarine receptors. Atropine (8×10−7 g/ml) caused a parallel shift to the right of the log dose — response curve in the guinea pig ileum suggesting a competitive antagonism. Boiling for about 12 h did not affect the contractile action of the extract on tissue preparations. However, boiling for 12–14 h completely abolished its contractile effect. Incubation of the extract with cholinestrerase at 37°C for 1 h did not abolish its contractile action on the intestine.
TL;DR: The aerobic bacterial flora of the intestine of 150 wall geckos (Hemidactylus brookei) was investigated and eight Salmonella serotypes were identified, the predominant ones being S. hvittingfoss and S. typhimurium.
Abstract: The aerobic bacterial flora of the intestine of 150 wall geckos (Hemidactylus brookei) was investigated. A variety of bacteria was recovered including 35 isolates of Salmonella and several other species of Enterobacteriaceae, viz. Shigella sonnei - 2, Edwardsiella tarda - 4, Enterobacter spp - 8, Citrobacter freudii - 3, Serratia marcescens - 3, Proteus spp - 35, Klebsiella pneumoniae - 13, and Escherichia coli - 17, isolates. Eight Salmonella serotypes were identified, the predominant ones being S. hvittingfoss and S. typhimurium. The significance of these findings for the spread of human enteropathogens is discussed.
TL;DR: The pharmacological effects of an aqueous extract of Sphenostylis stenocarpa seed were investigated in albino mice and significantly potentiated pentobarbitone-induced sleeping time.
TL;DR: In this article, an experimental work was carried out to determine the net flux of the long-wave radiation from the earth's surface to the atmosphere for clear nights in Nsukka, Nigeria.