Showing papers by "University of North Carolina at Greensboro published in 1998"
TL;DR: In this paper, the economic consequences of rights to paid parental leave in nine European countries over the 1969 through 1993 period were investigated, and most of the analysis examined how changes in paid leave affect the gap between female and male labor market outcomes.
Abstract: This study investigates the economic consequences of rights to paid parental leave in nine European countries over the 1969 through 1993 period. Since women use virtually all parental leave in most nations, men constitute a reasonable comparison group, and most of the analysis examines how changes in paid leave affect the gap between female and male labor market outcomes. The employment-to-populations ratios of women in their prime childbearing years are also compared with those of corresponding aged men and older females. Parental leave is associated with increases in women's employment, but with reductions in their relative wages at extended durations.
815 citations
TL;DR: Security displayed in adolescents' organization of discourse about attachment experiences was related to competence with peers, lower levels of internalizing behaviors, and higher levels of deviant behavior.
Abstract: To explore the meaning and function of attachment organization during adolescence, its relation to multiple domains of psychosocial functioning was examined in a sample of 131 moderately at-risk adolescents. Attachment organization was assessed using the Adult Attachment Interview; multiple measures of functioning were obtained from parents, adolescents, and their peers. Security displayed in adolescents' organization of discourse about attachment experiences was related to competence with peers (as reported by peers), lower levels of internalizing behaviors (as reported by adolescents), and lower levels of deviant behavior (as reported by peers and by mothers). Preoccupation with attachment experiences, seen in angry or diffuse and unfocused discussion of attachment experiences, was linked to higher levels of both internalizing and deviant behaviors. These relations generally remained even when other attachment-related constructs that had been previously related to adolescent functioning were covaried in analyses. Results are interpreted as suggesting an important role for attachment organization in a wide array of aspects of adolescent psychosocial development.
486 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a parent rating scale containing the 18 symptoms of ADHD was examined in a sample of 4666 participants ranging in age from 4 to 20 years old who attended kindergarten through 12th grade in 22 school districts across the United States.
Abstract: Changes in the diagnostic criteria for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have necessitated the creation of new measures for clinical assessment. The factor structure of a parent rating scale containing the 18 symptoms of ADHD was examined in this study. Factor analyses and assessment of differences in ADHD ratings across sex, age, and ethnic group were conducted using a sample of 4666 participants ranging in age from 4 to 20 years old who attended kindergarten through 12th grade in 22 school districts across the United States. Two factors (Inattention and Hyperactivity–Impulsivity) were derived and normative data for a nationally representative sample are presented. A higher frequency of ADHD symptoms was found for boys, younger children, and African-American participants. Potential uses of this scale in clinical practice and research are discussed.
440 citations
TL;DR: Time to reperfusion, up to 2 h, is important for survival and recovery of left ventricular function and factors other than myocardial salvage may be responsible for survival benefit in patients treated with primary angioplasty after 2 h.
348 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a series of laboratory procedures designed to assess relations among physiological arousal, frustration distress, emotion regulation and maternal interactive style was performed on 40-three mothers and their 18-month-old toddlers.
Abstract: Seventy-three mothers and their 18-month-old toddlers were observed in a series of laboratory procedures designed to assess relations among physiological arousal, frustration distress, emotion regulation and maternal interactive style. Physiological arousal was assessed using baseline measures of vagal tone and heart period. Distress was assessed across four separate episodes designed to elicit the intensity, frequency, duration and latency of the distress response to frustrating events. Regulation was assessed by examining the child,s behaviors (aggression, distraction, mother-orientation, constructive coping) when confronted by the four frustration tasks. Maternal interactive style was assessed by examining mothers, strategies for child behavior management (negative controlling, positive guidance, preemptive interference) during four mother-child tasks. Distress to the frustrating tasks was related to aggression/acting-out behaviors, and negatively related to the use of more adaptive strategies. Maternal interference was related to distress to the frustrating events, while maternal positive guidance was related to the use of distraction and mother-oriented regulating behaviors. These findings are discussed in terms of the adaptive value of emotion regulation in early development.
339 citations
TL;DR: Although individual differences in strategy production were related to differences in recall performance, differential strategy production accounted for little of the age differences evident in associative memory.
Abstract: A new method was developed to investigate the degree to which age differences in strategy production mediate age differences in paired-associate recall. Participants were instructed to use imagery or any strategy and were to report the strategy produced for each item. Age similarities in reported strategy production were found for related (Experiment 1) and unrelated (Experiment 2) word pairs: Both age groups (a) reported using effective mediators (imagery and sentence generation) more often than using no mediators and (b) complied with instructions to use imagery. Although individual differences in strategy production were related to differences in recall performance, differential strategy production accounted for little of the age differences evident in associative memory.
203 citations
TL;DR: This article showed that visual study presentation dramatically reduces the rate of false memories. But their results were limited to three experiments, and they did not consider the effect of auditory study presentation on false recall and recognition.
Abstract: Roediger and McDermott (1995) rejuvenated interest in Deese’s (1959) paradigm for producing reliable intrusions and false alarms. Using this paradigm in three experiments, we demonstrated that visual study presentation dramatically reduces the rate of false memories. Only auditory study presentation resulted in equal production of studied and critical items. Correct recall and recognition were unaffected. The suggestion that visual presentation provides a means for discriminating between false and true memories was supported by Experiment 3: Pleasantness rating of study items significantly reduced the creation of false memories regardless of modality.
199 citations
TL;DR: The reliability and criterion-related validity of the Home and School versions of the AD/HD Rating Scale-IV were evaluated in a non-referred sample of 71 students as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The reliability and criterion-related validity of the Home and School versions of the AD/HD Rating Scale-IV were evaluated in a nonreferred sample of 71 students. Parent and teacher rat-ings were obtained 4 weeks apart at a time contemporaneous with observations of classroom behavior and academic productivity. Results indicated adequate levels of internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and cross-informant agreement for both parent and teacher ratings. Teacher ratings were significantly correlated with classroom observational data, and parent ratings were primarily related to behavior ratings. The discriminant validity of these scales also was examined in a sample of 92 clinic- referred children. Both the Home and School versions of the AD/HD Rating Scale-IV were found to discriminate significantly between children with and without AD/HD. The AD/HD Rating Scale-IV appears to have adequate psychometric properties for the screening and assessment of AD/HD.
195 citations
TL;DR: Under several conditions people's allocation of study time appeared sub-optimal, particularly when points awarded for recalling an item increased and when instructions emphasized mastering each item rather than quickly learning each item.
175 citations
TL;DR: This study explored the use of the ADHD-IV Rating Scale School Version with male Caucasian and African American students from ages 5 to 18 years and indicated that scale does not perform identically across groups.
Abstract: Behavior rating scales are commonly used in the assessment of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, there is little information available concerning the extent to which scales are valid with culturally different students. This study explored the use of the ADHD-IV Rating Scale School Version with male Caucasian (CA) and African American (AA) students from ages 5 to 18 years. Teachers rated AA students higher on all symptoms across all age groups. LISREL analysis indicated that scale does not perform identically across groups. This was supported by the results of multidimensional scaling with suggested that there is a different relation between items across groups. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
168 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a deductive approach for assessment and classroom learning is proposed, which is based on the assessment in education: Principles, Policy & Practice: Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 111-122.
Abstract: (1998). Assessment and Classroom Learning: a deductive approach. Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice: Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 111-122.
TL;DR: In this paper, a modified version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory was used to measure burnout in coaches and the Eades Athletic Burnout inventory was used for measuring six components of burnout.
Abstract: The focus of this study is on burnout experienced by athletes and coaches, and particularly on how athletes' perceptions of their coach's behavior and communication style may relate to levels of burnout and anxiety experienced by athletes. A modified version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory was used to measure burnout in coaches and the Eades Athletic Burnout Inventory was used to measure six components of burnout in athletes. Three multivariate analyses supported links in the study model. Coach burnout was significantly related to perceived coaching styles/behavior, perceived coaching styles/behavior was predictive of athlete burnout, and athlete anxiety and athlete burnout were significantly related. Interestingly, perceived coaching style/behavior was not a significant predictor of athlete anxiety. The results are discussed in relation to psychometric issues in the measure of bumout and coaching behavior as well as the need for sport psychology researchers to examine burnout from within a soci...
TL;DR: The cysteines involved in intra- and intermonomer cross-linking of bombyx prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) are conserved in the Antheraea and Samia sequences, suggesting very similar folding patterns.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter describes the mechanisms and models of peptide hormones, steroid hormones, and puffs in insect development. The postnatal physical development of homeothermic animals is chiefly a period of increase in size, with a few final touches such as the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics or flight feathers. Perfection of motor and behavioral skills is often the dominant feature of this period. Ecdysteroids act as triggers for alterations in transcription, which, in turn, lead to subsequent cellular and organismal changes. Their action is modified by the juvenile hormone (JH) class of hormones. The classic paradigm of insect endocrinology states that high ecdysteroid titers in the presence of high JH titers lead to larval–larval molts. The cysteines involved in intra- and intermonomer cross-linking of bombyx prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) are conserved in the Antheraea and Samia sequences, suggesting very similar folding patterns. The PTTH-stimulated generation of cyclic AMP (cAMP) in prothoracic glands results in rapid activation of a cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA), ∼ 90% of maximum within 5 minutes. The proteins phosphorylated directly by PTTH-activated PKA in the prothoracic glands are not known, it seems likely that PTTH stimulation results in the activation of several additional kinases.
TL;DR: This article explored the student teaching triad from the teacher's perspective and identified a hierarchical relationship among members of the triad, with the cooperating teacher in the position of most power and influence over the student teacher.
Abstract: Student teaching has been the capstone experience in teacher preparation for more than 75 years. Welborn (1920) noted that by 1920, one third of the normal schools placed student teachers in public schools. With few exceptions, the situation today is similar. Griffin (1989) concluded that student teaching was business as usual and that the triad of university-based supervisor, school-based cooperating teacher, and student teacher has remained stable over many years. Hierarchical decision making in student teaching is a particularly constant characteristic. Cooperating teachers are excluded from many decisions; university personnel typically influence decisions about the choice of cooperating teacher, the duration of student teaching, the requirements of planning and written work, and the final grading (Glickman & Bey, 1990). Smyth (1986) viewed hierarchical relationships in many aspects of public education as problematic Arguably the most serious issues confronting teachers are not matters of teaching technique, but impediments that exist because of power relationships (p. 146). In this article, we explore the student teaching triad from the cooperating teacher's perspective. In our study, the cooperating teachers have views similar to those of the four male cooperating teachers in Barrows's (1979) study. She identified a hierarchical relationship among members of the triad, with the cooperating teacher in the position of most power and influence over the student teacher. The Student Teaching Triad Researchers have studied relationships within the three-person triad (Karmos & Jacko, 1977; Yee, 1968) and focused on the interpersonal dimension within the triad (Bain, 1991; Barrows, 1979; McIntyre & Morris, 1980) primarily from the perspectives of university supervisors and student teachers. Researchers have recently examined the student teaching experience from cooperating teachers' perspective (Koerner, 1992; Rothman, 1981; Tannehill, 1989). Numerous studies of the relationship between student teachers and cooperating teachers (Kremer-Hayon & Wubbels, 1992; Lemma, 1993) exist. Researchers have focused on student teachers' perceptions of cooperating teachers (Kagan, 1987; Karmos & Jacko, 1977; Rikard & Knight, 1997), the influence of cooperating teachers on student teachers (Bunting, 1988; Yee, 1969), and changes in student teachers' perspectives, skills, or attitudes (Ellwein, Graue, & Comfort, 1990; Griffin, 1989). Studies focusing on the relationship between university supervisors and cooperating teachers (Horton & Harvey, 1979; Tannehill & Zakrajsek, 1988) provide examples of how the former can train the latter. Hoy and Woolfolk (1989) concluded from their literature review that little evidence exists of cooperating teachers and university supervisors working together to provide a quality student teaching experience. On the contrary, Glickman and Bey (1990) and McIntyre (1984) substantiated conflict between cooperating teachers and university supervisors in their literature reviews. Koehler (1988) decried the lack of reciprocity in her relationship as university supervisor with cooperating teachers due to her inability to spend the time needed to build trust. Tensions have often existed between university supervisors and cooperating teachers for a number of well documented reasons. Researchers have written little about successful triads. Lack of agreement about the roles triad members should play (Bain, 1991; Grimmit & Ratzlaff, 1986; Kauffman, 1992; Rothman, 1981) and lack of clarity about the goals of student teaching (Gallemore, 1981; Griffin, 1989; Marrou, 1989; McIntyre, 1984) may be reasons for the tensions researchers cite. Communication problems among all three members are also cited as a major source of tension (Bain, 1991; Kauffman, 1992; Koehler, 1988; Ryan, 1982). In one survey of cooperating teachers, the most common problems between cooperating teachers and student teachers were personal and related to communication (Sonthall & King, 1979). …
TL;DR: Adaptive disability has utility as a marker for more severe and pervasive impairments in AHII children.
Abstract: Children with high levels of aggressive-hyperactive-impulsive-inattentive behavior (AHII; n = 154) were subdivided into those with (n = 38) and without (n = 116) adaptive disability (+AD/-AD) defined as a discrepancy between expected versus actual adaptive functioning They were compared to each other and a control group of 47 normal children Both AHII groups were more likely to have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder, and conduct disorder than control children; more symptoms of general psychopathology; greater social skills deficits; more parental problems; and lower levels of academic achievement skills Compared to AHII - AD children, AHII + AD children had (1) more conduct disorder; (2) greater inattention and aggression symptoms; (3) more social problems, less academic competence, and poorer self-control at school; (4) more severe and pervasive behavior problems across multiple home and school settings; and (5) parents with poorer child management practices Thus, adaptive disability has utility as a marker for more severe and pervasive impairments in AHII children
TL;DR: In this article, the formation, splits and recombinations among various groupings active in the electoral process are reviewed and the resulting shape and characteristics of party systems in the new democracies of Central Europe.
Abstract: Political parties and the party systems of the new democracies of postcommunist Central Europe are in the process of formation through a sequence of elections and parliamentary terms. The sequence theory of electionparliament cycles suggests that in new democracies the formation of political parties and the de®nition of relationships among the parties proceed through a series of elections and the ensuing terms of parliament. During the current beginning stages of the `®rst generation' of parties and of whole political systems, the main question concerns democratic consolidation. For political parties, the question is one of emerging stability: to what extent do political parties have a continuous existence? For party systems the question is a double one: to what extent is the system consolidating from many small parties to fewer larger ones, and how stable is the relationship among them?While party formation is usually considered an important component in the formation and stabilization of democratic systems, some observers have suggested an `overpartycisation' phenomenon in at least some of the post-communist democracies. In this essay I review the formation, splits and recombinations among various groupings active in the electoral process I also consider the resulting shape and characteristics of party systems in the new democracies of Central Europe. While some references will be made to the Republics of the former USSR, the main attention of this paper is on Central Europe, and especially upon the Visegrad 4: Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary. These questions are examined from the perspective of the electoralparliamentary sequence. The tentative ®ndings are that, in the ®rst half-decade of the post-communist transition the major tendency in party organization was to develop a small set of activists who made broad issue appeals, thus resembling more the American model of parties, while the patterns in party system more resembled those of multi-party western Europe.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the ability of the Inattention and Hyperactivity-Impulsivity factors of the ADHD Rating Scale-IV to differentiate children with ADHD from a control group and to discriminate children with different subtypes of ADHD.
Abstract: The objectives were to evaluate the ability of the Inattention and Hyperactivity–Impulsivity factors of the ADHD Rating Scale-IV to differentiate children with ADHD from a control group and to discriminate children with different subtypes of ADHD. Also, we sought to determine optimal cutoff scores on the teacher and parent versions of this scale for making diagnostic decisions about ADHD. In a sample of 92 boys and girls 6 to 14 years of age referred to a regional ADHD program, we assessed ADHD diagnostic status using categorical and dimensional approaches as well as parent- and teacher-report measures. Logistic regression analyses showed that the Inattention and Hyperactivity–Impulsivity factors of the ADHD Rating Scale-IV were effective in discriminating children with ADHD from a control group and differentiating children with ADHD, Combined Type from ADHD, Inattentive Type. Although both teacher and parent ratings were significantly predictive of diagnostic status, teacher ratings made a stronger contribution to the prediction of subtype membership. Using symptom utility estimates, optimal cutoff scores on the Inattention and Hyperactivity–Impulsivity scales for predicting subtypes of ADHD were determined.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The decision-making process as retrospectively described by patients with prostate cancer and their spouses was explored to test the feasibility of a larger scale prospective examination of decision making in this same population and reinforced the need for a multidisciplinary approach to the management of prostate cancer.
Abstract: Purpose/objectives To explore the decision-making process as retrospectively described by patients with prostate cancer and their spouses and to test the feasibility of a larger scale prospective examination of decision making in this same population. Design A qualitative study using focus group methodology. Sample/setting Twelve patients with prostate cancer and six spouses were recruited purposefully from a newly organized prostate cancer support group in an urban North Carolina community. Methods Using an interview guide, an experienced facilitator conducted two 90-minute focus groups. Sessions were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic content analysis techniques. Main research variables Decision making, prostate cancer treatment, spousal participation. Findings Six themes were derived from the data: (a) Finding Out, (b) Prostate Specific Antigen Talk, (c) (Getting the Story, (d) Who Decides, (e) Treatment Options, and (f) Looking Back. The data corroborated American Cancer Society findings that national cancer resources are not being used effectively by this population and reinforced the need for a multidisciplinary approach to the management of prostate cancer. Conclusions Additional prospective studies are needed to explore the decision process from a family perspective. Studies focusing on the unique needs of older patients with prostate cancer and their spouses also are needed. Implications for nursing practice Nurses must assess informal information sources and work toward a more comprehensive presentation of treatment options. Misconceptions about surgery and radiotherapy hamper informed decision making. Nurses are in a unique position to educate families regarding prostate cancer treatment options.
TL;DR: A model for cultural competence can provide a framework for psychiatric nurses and other mental health professionals to become more aware of Asian-American values and beliefs and provide more culturally sensitive care.
Abstract: Asian-Americans are the fastest-growing minority in the United States, and they are a culturally diverse group. Knowledge about this growing minority population is important for the purposes of planning appropriate mental health care. Asian-Americans living in the United States rarely use mental health services. The reasons for this, along with suggestions for developing more culturally sensitive mental health services, are presented. A model for cultural competence can provide a framework for psychiatric nurses and other mental health professionals (MHPs) to become more aware of Asian-American values and beliefs and provide more culturally sensitive care. Awareness tools are included to guide MHPs in determining whether culturally competent care is available locally to meet the needs of this underserved population.
TL;DR: Results provide partial support for the hypothesis that cortisol levels are related to exercise-induced affective states, as non-runners possessed greater perceptions of effort and negative affect during exercise compared to cross-country runners.
Abstract: It has been reported that physically active individuals demonstrate attenuated cortisol responses to acute exercise compared to inactive individuals. Furthermore, a number of studies have demonstrated that increased cortisol levels are associated with negative affective states. Conversely, demonstrated to be related to positive psychological constructs such as self-efficacy. However, the roles of activity history and adrenocortical activity in affective responses to acute exercise have not been examined. We therefore compared salivary cortisol, perceived exertion and affective responses to acute exercise in 13 male cross-country runners and 13 non-runners. The experimental trial consisted of a 30 min treadmill run at 60% VO2 max. Cortisol and affective responses were assessed before, during and after exercise; ratings of perceived exertion (RPEs) were recorded during exercise. Analyses of variance indicated no significant group differences in cortisol responses. However, there was a main effect for time (...
TL;DR: For example, this paper found that parents' beliefs and children's attitudes toward children with disabilities were positively related to the frequency of children's actual contacts with classmates with disabilities during free play time.
TL;DR: Responses suggested that, as a result of participating in Campus Acquaintance Rape Education, both women and men become more willing and able to directly express themselves and assert their needs in ways that facilitated increased sexual communication.
Abstract: As part of a larger multimethod evaluation, this study examined the effects of a uniquely intensive rape education program. Participants included 74 undergraduates (53 women and 21 men) enrolled in Campus Acquaintance Rape Education (CARE), a semester-long university course designed to train peer facilitators to conduct rape education workshops. Ninety-six students (58 women and 38 men) enrolled in a general human sexuality course constituted a specialized comparison group. First, quantitative analysis of pre- and postcourse responses suggested that comprehensive attitude change occurred for students in CARE but not for those in the human sexuality course. Next, qualitative analyses explored the differences between pre- and postcourse responses to videotaped scenarios involving (hetero)sexual conflict. Responses suggested that, as a result of participating in CARE, both women and men become more willing and able to directly express themselves and assert their needs in ways that facilitated increased sexua...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on Minnesota's unsuccessful attempt to site a hazardous waste stabilization and containment facility, but argue that this should not be seen as another siting failure due to irrational and self-interested citizens who subverted a well-conceived and essential disposal facility, and show that many of the sources of disagreement between citizens and siting officials involve value trade-offs rather than technical issues.
Abstract: In this paper, I focus on Minnesota's unsuccessful attempt to site a hazardous waste stabilization and containment facility, but argue that this should not be seen as another siting failure due to irrational and self-interested citizens who subverted a well-conceived and essential disposal facility, Through a detailed comparison of citizen and elite claims about the facility, I show that many of the sources of disagreement between citizens and siting officials involve value trade-offs rather than technical issues, and contend that state officials’ views on these matters should not take precedence. Through “partisan probing,” citizens actually contribute to effective policymaking rather than detract from it.
Book•
01 May 1998TL;DR: Rabinovitz as mentioned in this paper analyzes the rich interplay among demographic, visual, historical, and theoretical materials of the period and skillfully links cinema theory and women's studies for a fuller understanding of cultural history.
Abstract: One of the most readable books on early cinema I have ever encountered. . . . Rabinovitz ably brings together a wealth of information about the exciting era of social change that marked the beginning of U.S. cinema." --Gaylyn Studlar, author of This Mad Masquerade: Stardom and Masculinity in the Jazz Age. The period from the 1880s until the 1920s saw the making of a consumer society, the inception of the technological, economic, and social landscape in which we currently live. Cinema played a key role in the changing urban landscape. For working-class women, it became a refuge from the factory. For middle-class women, it presented a new language of sexual danger and pleasure. Women found greater freedom in big cities, entering the workforce in record numbers and moving about unchaperoned in public spaces. Turn-of-the-century Chicago surpassed even New York as a proving ground for pleasure and education, attracting women workers at three times the national rate. Using Chicago as a model, Lauren Rabinovitz analyzes the rich interplay among demographic, visual, historical, and theoretical materials of the period. She skillfully links cinema theory and women's studies for a fuller understanding of cultural history. She also demonstrates how cinema dramatically affected social conventions, ultimately shaping modern codes of masculinity and femininity. Lauren Rabinovitz is a professor of American studies and film studies at the University of Iowa. She is the author of Points of Resistance: Women, Power, and Politics in the New York Avant-Garde Cinema, 1943-71, co-author of the award-winning CD-ROM The Rebecca Project, and co-editor of Seeing Through the Media: The Persian Gulf War.
TL;DR: This paper examined the predictability of dysfunctional job behaviors among law enforcement officers using three scales (Responsibility, Socialization, and Self-Control) of the California Psychological Inventory (H. Gough, 1995) that were hypothesized to assess the construct of conscientiousness, and three construct-oriented life history indices (drug use, criminal, work).
Abstract: This study examined the predictability of dysfunctional job behaviors among law enforcement officers using 3 scales (Responsibility, Socialization, and Self-Control) of the California Psychological Inventory (H. G. Gough, 1995) that were hypothesized to assess the construct of conscientiousness, and 3 construct-oriented life history indices (drug use, criminal, work). Law enforcement officers were classified into disciplinary and control groups (n = 109 each), using a matched-case control study design. Mean differences between the 2 criterion groups on the 6 predictor variables were all statistically significant and in the hypothesized direction. The results are discussed in the context of conscientiousness as an explanatory construct, the relationship between life history and personality constructs, and methodological concerns in the development of construct-oriented life history indices.
TL;DR: Investigating gender differences that might shape the context for male and female homicide perpetration and victimization in North Carolina found that partner homicides emanated almost uniformly from a history of male-perpetrated aggression.
Abstract: Interviews to develop profiles of all partner homicides that occurred in North Carolina in a single year. This methodology allowed us to investigate gender differences that might shape the context for male and female homicide perpetration and victimization. Five themes emerged: (a) The context for partner homicides is often chronic women battering, (b) leaving an abusive partner and remaining are both dangerous options, (c) protective measures for battered women are inadequate, (d) domestic violence is not necessarily private violence, and (e) alcohol and firearms often accompany homicide. These themes suggested: Partner homicides emanated almost uniformly from a history of male-perpetrated aggression; analysis of partner homicide should not be detached from the daily life created and sustained by battering; and a gender analysis of partner homicide focuses on the context of gender-based power imbalances rather than on frequency or severity of injury.
TL;DR: Results support a direct relationship between religiosity and BP, rather than an indirect effect through intermediate health behaviors, suggesting that religiosity may be associated with lower levels of BP via a direct pathway, such as improving the ability to cope with stress.
TL;DR: A review of the theoretical construct of depressive personality disorder and its related research can be found in this paper, where it is concluded that differing theories converge on similar descriptions and mechanisms of development for the depressive personality disorders.
TL;DR: This paper used hedonic pricing methodology to compare the sale prices of houses in Christchurch, New Zealand sold at auction with those sold by private treaty and found that in some cases auctions can result in premium sale prices.
Abstract: The use of an auction to sell residential real estate in the United States is often associated with distressed sales such as foreclosure, bankruptcy or estate settlement. In other areas of the world, auctions are more commonly used and viewed as a viable, preferred method of selling a house. This article uses hedonic pricing methodology to compare the sale prices of houses in Christchurch, New Zealand sold at auction with those sold by private treaty. The results indicate that in some cases auctions can result in premium sale prices. In none of the cases studied did auctions result in lower prices than private-treaty sales.