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University of North Carolina at Greensboro

EducationGreensboro, North Carolina, United States
About: University of North Carolina at Greensboro is a education organization based out in Greensboro, North Carolina, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 5481 authors who have published 13715 publications receiving 456239 citations. The organization is also known as: UNCG & UNC Greensboro.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The First R: The Harvard Report on Reading in Elementary Schools as discussed by the authors was a modified replication of Austin and Morrison's classic 1963 study of the status of U.S. public school elementary reading instruction, which revealed some similarities between reading instruction in the 1960s and today.
Abstract: This study was a modified replication of Austin and Morrison's classic 1963 study of the status of U.S. public school elementary reading instruction, The First R: The Harvard Report on Reading in Elementary Schools. Surveys modeled after those used in The First R were distributed to a national sample of elementary classroom teachers, building administrators, and district administrators. Results reveal some similarities between reading instruction in the 1960s and today. Teachers of today and yesterday both (a) work with self-contained, heterogeneously assigned classes; (b) dedicate significant time for reading instruction; (c) provide explicit instruction in phonic analysis; (d) are not overly satisfied with their preservice training in reading instruction; (e) administer mandated standardized tests; and (f) report accommodating struggling or underachieving readers as their greatest challenge. Important differences are also noted. Teachers today have more professional training than peers of the past, and they adopt a balanced, eclectic perspective, in contrast to a strong skillsbased emphasis in the past. The three-group reading plan has been replaced by considerable whole-class instruction, and programs using both basals and trade books are the norm now compared to the exclusive reliance on basals in the 1960s. An emergent literacy perspective has replaced a reading readiness view, synthetic phonics has supplanted analytic phonics, and alternative reading assessments are in regular use today. School and classroom libraries in the 1990s are more prevalent and better equipped, and changes in programs and philosophy are common today, unlike the static state of reading instruction in the 1960s. Este estudio es una version modificada del estudio clasico de Morrison de 1963, El Primer R: Informe Harvard acerca de la Lectura en la Escuela Elemental, acerca de la situacion de la ensenanza de la lectura inicial en la escuela publica de los Estados Unidos. Se distribuyeron encuestas disenadas en base a las del Primer R a una muestra nacional de docentes de grados iniciales, administradores de escuelas y administradores de distritos. Los resultados revelan algunas similitudes entre la ensenanza de la lectura en los anos 60 y en la actualidad. Tanto los docentes de hoy como los de ayer: (a) trabajan con cursos cerrados asignados en forma heterogenea, (b) dedican un tiempo significativo a la ensenanza de la lectura, (c) proporcionan ensenanza explicita de analisis fonico, (d) no estan enteramente satisfechos con su capacitacion previa en ensenanza de la lectura, (e) administran tests estandarizados y (f) informan que el mayor desafio es nivelar a los lectores de bajo desempeno. Tambien se hallaron importantes diferencias. Los docentes de hoy tienen mas capacitacion profesional que sus pares del pasado y adoptan una perspectiva eclectica balanceada, en contraste con el enfasis en el desarrollo de habilidades, tipico del pasado. El plan de lectura en tres grupos ha sido reemplazado por la ensenanza que involucra a todo el curso. Asimismo los programas que utilizan tanto libros de lectura como otros tipos de libro actualmente constituyen la norma, a diferencia del uso exclusivo de los libros de lectura en los 60. La perspectiva de la alfabetizacion emergente ha reemplazado al concepto de aprestamiento para la lectura, la sintesis fonica ha suplantado al analisis fonico y hoy se utilizan regularmente metodos alternativos de evaluacion de la lectura. Las bibliotecas de las escuelas y las aulas en los 90 se usan mas y estan mejor equipadas y, son comunes los cambios en programas y filosofia, a diferencia del estado estatico de la ensenanza de la lectura en los 60. Diese Studie ging aus einer modifizierten Nachvollziehung von Austins und Morrisons klassischer Studie von 1963 uber den Stand der Leseanweisungen in U.S. amerikanischen Grundschulen hervor: Das erste R: Der Harvard Bericht uber das Lesen in Grundschulen. Erhebungen, modelliert nach jenen, die im Das erste R angewandt wurden, verschickte man an einen nationalen Querschnitt von Lehrern in Grundschulklassen, Schulverwaltern, und an Kreisschulrate. Die Ergebnisse lassen einige Ahnlichkeiten zu den Leseanweisungen in den 60ern und heute erkennen. Die Lehrer gleichermasen von heute und gestern (a) arbeiten mit eigenstandigen, heterogenen ihnen zugeteilten Klassen; (b) verbringen erhebliche Zeit mit Leseanweisungen; (c) erteilen ausfuhrliche Anweisungen beim phonetischen Erklaren; (d) sind nicht sonderlich mit ihrer vorangegangenen Lehrausbildung im Lesen zufrieden; (e) wenden pflichtmasig verordnete Standardtests an; und (f) berichten, das das Eingliedern und Anpassen von sich abmuhenden und unterhalb der Leistung liegenden Lesern als ihre groste Herausforderung gelten kann. Wichtige Unterschiede werden ebenfalls vermerkt. Heutige Lehrer haben eine mehr fachgerechte Ausbildung als ihre Kollegen in der Vergangenheit, und sie nehmen eine abgewogenere, begeisternde Perspektive an, ganz im Kontrast zu einer strengen, ubungsorientierten Betonung in der Vergangenheit. Der Drei-GruppenLeseplan wurde durch fordernde Ganzheitsklassenanweisungen ersetzt und Programme, die beides-sowohl angefertigtes Grundlagenmaterial und vom Fachhandel bezogene Bucher-benutzen, sind jetzt die Norm geworden, im Vergleich zu der exklusiven Abhangigkeit von Grundlagenmaterial in den 60ern. Eine neu auftretende Lese- und Schreibperspektive hat Ansichten einer Lesevorherrschaft ersetzt, synthetische Phonetik hat analytische Phonetik verdrangt, und alternative Leseaufgaben werden heute regelmasig im Unterricht verwandt. Schul- und Klassenraumbuchereien sind in den Jahren nach 1990 wesentlich statthafter und besser ausgerustet, und Veranderungen in Programmen und der Lehrphilosophie sind heute haufig anzutreffen, ungleich der statischen Verharrung in den Leseanweisungen, wie es in den Jahren um 1960 ublich war. Cette etude est une replication modifiee de l'etude classique d'Austin et Morrison de 1963 relative au statut de l'enseignement de la lecture dans les ecoles publiques aux Etats-Unis, Le premier R: le rapport de Harvard sur la lecture dans les ecoles publiques. Des questionnaires, concus sur le modele de ceux du premier R, ont ete distribues a un echantillon national d'enseignants d'ecoles elementaires, d'administrateurs centraux, et d'administrateurs locaux. Les resultats montrent des similitudes entre l'enseignement de la lecture dans les annees 60 et aujourd'hui. Les enseignants d'hier et d'aujourd'hui (a) travaillent avec des classes autonomes, constituees de maniere heterogene; (b) consacrent un temps important a l'enseignement de la lecture; (c) effectuent un enseignement explicite d'analyse phonique; (d) ne sont pas trop satisfaits de leur formation initiale pour l'enseignement de la lecture; (e) administrent des tests standardises obligatoires; et (f) indiquent que leur principal probleme est celui des eleves en difficulte ou moins performants. On note aussi d'importantes differences. Les enseignants d'aujourd'hui recoivent davantage de formation professionnelle que leurs pairs dans le passe, et ils adoptent une perspective equilibree et eclectique, qui contraste avec l'accent mis fortement par le passe sur les competences de base. L'organisation en trois groupes de lecture a ete remplacee par un tres fort enseignement en groupe-classe, et les programmes utilisant a la fois des manuels et des albums sont maintenant la norme par comparaison avec la confiance dont jouissaient les manuels dans les annees 60. La perspective de l'entree dans l'ecrit a remplace la conception de la maturite pour l'apprentissage, la phonetique synthetique a pris la place de la phonetique analytique, et on trouve couramment aujourd'hui differentes formes d'evaluation de la lecture. Les bibliotheques d'ecole et de classe sont plus repandues et mieux equipees dans les annees 90, et les changements de programmes et de philosophie sont courants aujourd'hui, ce qui contraste avec le caractere statique de l'enseignement de la lecture dans les annees 60.

142 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined whether the interaction of frontal EEG asymmetry and social behavior during peer play was related to the occurrence of maladaptive behavior in preschoolers, and they found that highly sociable children who exhibited a greater relative right frontal EEG imbalance were more likely to exhibit externalizing problems than socially shy children.
Abstract: We examined whether the interaction of resting frontal electroencephalogram (EEG) asymmetry and social behavior during peer play was related to the occurrence of maladaptive behavior in preschoolers. Two independent cohorts of children were observed interacting in same-age and -gender play quartets at 4 years of age. Each child was also seen individually for a psychophysiology session during which time measures of EEG activity were recorded. We found that highly sociable children who exhibited greater relative right frontal EEG asymmetry were more likely to exhibit externalizing problems than sociable children who exhibited greater relative left frontal EEG asymmetry. We also found that shy children who exhibited greater relative right frontal EEG asymmetry were more likely to exhibit internalizing problems than shy children who exhibited left frontal EEG asymmetry. These findings suggest that the pattern of frontal EEG asymmetry in combination with social behavioral style is a significant predictor of maladaptive behavior problems during the preschool period.

142 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Understanding if differences exist in the perceptions of different groups within an organization and the nature of these differences can help implementers develop appropriate intervention mechanisms such as training and communication that can lead to successful ERP implementation.
Abstract: Past research has identified factors that are important to the successful implementation of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. However, the identification of these factors has often been based on the perceptions of senior members within organizations that are implementing these systems. In this study, the perceptions of managers and end‐users on selected implementation factors are compared. Understanding if differences exist in the perceptions of different groups within an organization and the nature of these differences can help implementers develop appropriate intervention mechanisms such as training and communication that can lead to successful ERP implementation.

142 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an integrative conceptual framework, incorporating both sociological and psychological perspectives, for use in these endeavors, which posits that the social structural and psychological aspects of individual characteristics operate together to shape behavioral motifs which, in turn, influence friendship patterns (dyadic and network structure and phases).
Abstract: In light of the increase in the number and rigor of studies on adult friendship and the tendency of kin and neighbor relationships to have become more structurally similar to friendship, this is a crucial juncture at which to pause and assess what we know and do not know about adult friendship, to begin a needed theoretical synthesis, to identify gaps in the literature and to produce guidelines for future research. The purpose of this article is to present an integrative conceptual framework, incorporating both sociological and psychological perspectives, for use in these endeavors. The framework posits that the social structural and psychological aspects of individual characteristics operate together to shape behavioral motifs which, in turn, influence friendship patterns (dyadic and network structure and phases). Furthermore, dyadic and network structure and phases affect one another through interactive friendship processes. The elements of this integrative framework and the relationships among them var...

142 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors explored the relationship between attitudes toward sex roles and attitudes endorsing the legitimacy of physical force by men in the marital relationship and found that traditional sex role attitudes were the most powerful predictor of attitudes supporting marital violence, while race and sex played relatively unimportant role.
Abstract: This study explored the relationship between attitudes toward sex roles and attitudes endorsing the legitimacy of physical force by men in the marital relationship. Approximately 40% of this sample of 300 college undergraduates were black, allowing black-white comparisons on these variables as well. The results support a sociocultural analysis of spouse abuse. A moderately strong positive relationship was found between traditional sex role preferences and attitudes supporting the use of physical force. In addition, men were found to hold more traditional sex role attitudes than women and were more likely to endorse the use of physical force in the marital relationship. Whites were found to be more traditional in their sex role attitudes than blacks, but no racial differences were found with regard to attitudes endorsing physical force. Further analysis revealed that traditional sex role attitudes were the most powerful predictor of attitudes supporting marital violence, while race and sex played a relatively unimportant role. Implications for spouse-abuse prevention program are discussed.

142 citations


Authors

Showing all 5571 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Douglas E. Soltis12761267161
John C. Wingfield12250952291
Laurence Steinberg11540370047
Patrick Y. Wen10983852845
Mark T. Greenberg10752949878
Steven C. Hayes10645051556
Edward McAuley10545145948
Roberto Cabeza9425236726
K. Ranga Rama Krishnan9029926112
Barry J. Zimmerman8817756011
Michael K. Reiter8438030267
Steven R. Feldman83122737609
Charles E. Schroeder8223426466
Dale H. Schunk8116245909
Kim D. Janda7973126602
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202332
2022143
2021977
2020851
2019760
2018717