Institution
University of North Texas
Education•Denton, Texas, United States•
About: University of North Texas is a education organization based out in Denton, Texas, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 11866 authors who have published 26984 publications receiving 705376 citations. The organization is also known as: Fight, North Texas & UNT.
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TL;DR: In this article, the independent and joint associations of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and BMI with the incidence of type 2 diabetes in women were determined. But, the effect of CRF on the risk of Type 2 diabetes was limited.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE —The purpose of this study was to determine the independent and joint associations of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and BMI with the incidence of type 2 diabetes in women. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS —An observational cohort of 6,249 women aged 20–79 years was free of baseline cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes. CRF was measured using a maximal treadmill exercise test. BMI was computed from measured height and weight. The incidence of type 2 diabetes was identified primarily by 1997 American Diabetes Association criteria. RESULTS —During a 17-year follow-up, 143 cases of type 2 diabetes occurred. Compared with the least fit third, the multivariate (including BMI)-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) was 0.86 (0.59–1.25) for the middle third and 0.61 (0.38–0.96) for the upper third of CRF. For BMI, the multivariate (including CRF)-adjusted HR (95% CI) was 2.34 (1.55–3.54) for overweight individuals and 3.70 (2.12–6.44) for obese individuals, compared with normal-weight patients. In the combined analyses, overweight/obese unfit (the lowest one-third of CRF) women had significantly higher risks compared with normal-weight fit (the upper two-thirds of CRF) women. CONCLUSIONS —Low CRF and higher BMI were independently associated with incident type 2 diabetes. The protective effect of CRF was observed in individuals who were overweight or obese, but CRF did not eliminate the increased risk in these groups. These findings underscore the critical importance of promoting regular physical activity and maintaining normal weight for diabetes prevention.
157 citations
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TL;DR: Using confirmatory factor analysis, the authors tested the 2-factor PCL:SV model of psychopathy and recent 3- and 4-factor models and results indicated good fit for each model, with the 4-Factor model showing best overall fit.
Abstract: One hundred forty-nine inpatients within a maximum security psychiatric facility were assessed with the Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version (PCL:SV; S. D. Hart, D. N. Cox, & R. D. Hare, 1995). Within the total sample, 68% had a psychotic disorder and 30% met criteria for psychopathy. Using confirmatory factor analysis, the authors tested the 2-factor PCL:SV model of psychopathy and recent 3- and 4-factor models. Results indicated good fit for each model, with the 4-factor model showing best overall fit. Structural equation modeling was used to determine which psychopathy factors predicted 6-month follow-up of inpatient aggression. The 2-, 3-, and 4-factor models, respectively, accounted for 16%.27%. and 3l% of the variance in aggression.
157 citations
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TL;DR: Examination of social support and maladaptive coping as predictors of HIV-related health symptoms provides further evidence that social support can buffer deleterious health outcomes among individuals with a chronic illness.
Abstract: This study examined social support and maladaptive coping as predictors of HIV-related health symptoms Sixty-five men and women living with HIV/AIDS completed baseline measures assessing coping strategies, social support, and HIV-related health symptoms The sample was primarily low-income and diverse with respect to gender, ethnicity, and sexual orientation Three, 6, and 12 months after completing baseline assessments, physical health symptoms associated with HIV disease were assessed After controlling for demographic characteristics, CD4 T-cell count, and baseline HIV-related health symptoms, individuals reporting lower increase in HIV-related health symptoms used less venting (expressing emotional distress) as a strategy for coping with HIV However, when satisfaction with social support was added to the model, the use of this coping strategy was no longer significant, and individuals reporting more satisfying social support were more likely to report lower increase in their HIV-related health symptoms, suggesting that social support is a robust predictor of health outcomes over time independent of coping style and baseline medical status These findings provide further evidence that social support can buffer deleterious health outcomes among individuals with a chronic illness Future research needs to examine mediating pathways that can explain this relationship
156 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an alternative, family systems perspective on career indecision and speculate on the family patterns that contribute to career indecisiveness and on the functions that this problem may serve within the larger family network.
Abstract: In existing theories of vocational development career indecision is generally attributed to character deficits in the young adult. The authors present an alternative, family systems perspective on career indecision. Also, they speculate on the family patterns that contribute to career indecisiveness and on the functions that this problem may serve within the larger family network.
156 citations
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TL;DR: This work has proposed an alternative hypothesis for geographic variation in body size based on food availability, as regulated by the net primary production of plants, specifically NPP during the growing season, or eNPP (ecologically and evolutionarily relevant NPP), independent of latitude.
Abstract: Bergmann's rule, which proposes a heat-balance explanation for the observed latitudinal gradient of increasing animal body size with increasing latitude, has dominated the study of geographic patterns in animal size since it was first proposed in 1847. Several critical reviews have determined that as many as half of the species examined do not fit the predictions of Bergmann's rule. We have proposed an alternative hypothesis for geographic variation in body size based on food availability, as regulated by the net primary production (NPP) of plants, specifically NPP during the growing season, or eNPP (ecologically and evolutionarily relevant NPP). Our hypothesis, “the eNPP rule,” is independent of latitude and predicts both spatial and temporal variation in body size, as well as in total population biomass, population growth rates, individual health, and life history traits of animals, including humans, wherever eNPP varies across appropriate scales of space or time. In the context of a revised interpretat...
156 citations
Authors
Showing all 12053 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Steven N. Blair | 165 | 879 | 132929 |
Scott D. Solomon | 137 | 1145 | 103041 |
Richard A. Dixon | 126 | 603 | 71424 |
Thomas E. Mallouk | 122 | 549 | 52593 |
Hong-Cai Zhou | 114 | 489 | 66320 |
Qian Wang | 108 | 2148 | 65557 |
Boris I. Yakobson | 107 | 443 | 45174 |
J. N. Reddy | 106 | 926 | 66940 |
David Spiegel | 106 | 733 | 46276 |
Charles A. Nelson | 103 | 557 | 40352 |
Robert J. Vallerand | 98 | 301 | 41840 |
Gerald R. Ferris | 93 | 332 | 29478 |
Michael H. Abraham | 89 | 726 | 37868 |
Jere H. Mitchell | 88 | 337 | 24386 |
Alan Needleman | 86 | 373 | 39180 |