University of Notre Dame

About: University of Notre Dame is a education organization based out in Notre Dame, Indiana, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 22238 authors who have published 55201 publications receiving 2032925 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Notre Dame du Lac & University of Notre Dame, South Bend.

Green emission to probe photoinduced charging events in ZnO-Au nanoparticles. Charge distribution and fermi-level equilibration

Abstract: Photoinduced electron accumulation in ZnO nanoparticles results in the bleaching of the exciton band as well as quenching of green emission. In the absence of an electron scavenger, photogenerated electrons are stored near the conduction band edge and promote charge recombination via a nonradiative process. By exposing the UV-irradiated ZnO suspension to an electron acceptor (O2 or thionine dye) the stored electrons are discharged and the original excitonic band and the visible emission are restored. Titration of electrons stored in ZnO nanoparticles with an electron acceptor, thionine dye, shows a linear relationship between stored electrons and the emission quenching. When gold nanoparticles are added to pre-UV-irradiated ZnO colloids, only partial recovery of the emission is seen. Pt nanoparticles on the other hand caused almost complete recovery of the quenched emission as the electrons are discharged into the solution. The charge distribution between UV-irradiated ZnO and gold nanoparticles results i...

Highly evolvable malaria vectors: The genomes of 16 Anopheles mosquitoes

Abstract: Variation in vectorial capacity for human malaria among Anopheles mosquito species is determined by many factors, including behavior, immunity, and life history To investigate the genomic basis of vectorial capacity and explore new avenues for vector control, we sequenced the genomes of 16 anopheline mosquito species from diverse locations spanning ~100 million years of evolution Comparative analyses show faster rates of gene gain and loss, elevated gene shuffling on the X chromosome, and more intron losses, relative to Drosophila Some determinants of vectorial capacity, such as chemosensory genes, do not show elevated turnover but instead diversify through protein-sequence changes This dynamism of anopheline genes and genomes may contribute to their flexible capacity to take advantage of new ecological niches, including adapting to humans as primary hosts

New Evidence on Stock Price Effects Associated with Changes in the S&P 500 Index

Abstract: Since October 1989, Standard and Poor s has (when possible) announced changes in the composition of the S&P 500 index one week in advance. Because index funds hold S&P 500 stocks to minimize tracking error, index composition changes since this date provide an opportunity to examine the market reaction to an anticipated change in the demand for a stock. Using post-October-1989 data, we document significantly positive (negative) post-announcement abnormal returns that are only partially reversed following additions (deletions). These results indicate the existence of temporary price pressure and downward-sloping log-run demand curves for stocks and represent a violation of market efficiency.

Ionic Liquids for CO2 Capture and Emission Reduction

Abstract: Ionic liquids, especially those functionalized with amine groups, show significant potential for a wide variety of CO2 separations, including postcombustion CO2 capture. By tethering the amine to the anion, the stoichiometry of the reaction can be doubled from one CO2 for every two amines (as is the case with aqueous monoethanolamine) to one CO2 for each amine. Moreover, the reaction enthalpy can be actively tuned by the design of the anion, adjusting capacity and regeneration energy. In addition, ILs can be used without added water, further reducing the parasitic energy required for CO2 removal from flue gas.

Microfluidic Devices for Bioapplications

Abstract: Harnessing the ability to precisely and reproducibly actuate fluids and manipulate bioparticles such as DNA, cells, and molecules at the microscale, microfluidics is a powerful tool that is currently revolutionizing chemical and biological analysis by replicating laboratory bench-top technology on a miniature chip-scale device, thus allowing assays to be carried out at a fraction of the time and cost while affording portability and field-use capability. Emerging from a decade of research and development in microfluidic technology are a wide range of promising laboratory and consumer biotechnological applications from microscale genetic and proteomic analysis kits, cell culture and manipulation platforms, biosensors, and pathogen detection systems to point-of-care diagnostic devices, high-throughput combinatorial drug screening platforms, schemes for targeted drug delivery and advanced therapeutics, and novel biomaterials synthesis for tissue engineering. The developments associated with these technological advances along with their respective applications to date are reviewed from a broad perspective and possible future directions that could arise from the current state of the art are discussed.