Showing papers by "University of Oklahoma published in 1971"
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01 Jan 1971420 citations
TL;DR: Evidence indicates that bound dehydroalanine is at the active site of the enzyme, consistent with the presence of more than one form of enzyme during the reaction sequence.
182 citations
TL;DR: Observations support the view that esterification was the inactivation reaction of pepsin, and EPNP was found to inactivate other gastric proteases: human gastricsin, human peps in, and bovine rennin.
137 citations
TL;DR: The adhesion obtained from a chrome alum-gelatin solution has been found far superior to results given by widely used general adhesives for paraffin sections, and is virtually unstained by many stains.
Abstract: The adhesion obtained from a chrome alum-gelatin solution has been found far superior to results given by widely used general adhesives (Haupt's gelatin and Mayer's egg albumen) for paraffin sections. The subbing solution, which consists of 5.0 gin gelatin and 0.5 gm chrome alum per liter of water, is easier to apply and gives more consistent results. Sections affixed to subbed slides are resistant to removal by acids and bases: 1.0 and 0.1 N HCl or H2SO4, 1 M H3PO4, 5% oxalic and trichloroacetic acids, 1% and 10% lactic acid, 1.0 and 0.1 N NaOH or NH4OH, and other fluids and solutions such as organic solvents, water, hypochlorite, KMnO4 and thiosulfate. The applied adhesive is virtually unstained by many stains, including hematoxylin, eosin, fast green, safranin, PAS, Sudan IV and Mallory's triple stain. The only treatment yet found to detach affixed section in less than 6 hr is immersion in 5% trichloroacetic acid for 15 min at 100 C. The concentration of gelatin and chrome alum in the solution recommen...
117 citations
TL;DR: The results of terminal amino acid analysis of ApoA polypeptides are presented and it is shown that lipoprotein A (LP-A) represents the major lipop protein family in HDI and that its protein moiety, apolipop Protein A (ApoA), consists of a major and a minor polypePTide characterized by amino acid composition and electrophoretic behavior similar, if not identical, to those of ‘R-‘lhr’
97 citations
TL;DR: The purpose of this article is to review the studies of the past few years which have led to a greater understanding of one particular aspect of gastrointestinal control, namely, inhibition of gastric secretion by hormones of intestinal origin.
88 citations
TL;DR: People will learn an instrumental conditioned response, the reward for which is the deliverance of another human being from suffering.
Abstract: People will learn an instrumental conditioned response, the reward for which is the deliverance of another human being from suffering.
82 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that the mechanism of electron transport from TPNH by microsomes involves free radical intermediates, and it is shown that the component has a very short half-life.
71 citations
TL;DR: The present study evaluated the activation of purified LPL from human postheparin plasma by immunochemically homogeneous polypeptides of human serum APO-A and APo-C and phosphatidylcholine and demonstrated a similarpolypeptide specificity for activation of the enzyme from both sources.
65 citations
TL;DR: A simple and rapid determination of guanine in the presence of guanosine has been developed ; a large amount of guano is added to the mixture, and the current for the guano voltammetric oxidation peak is measured as mentioned in this paper.
63 citations
TL;DR: It is tentatively concluded that vagotomy results in an increased sensitivity of the pancreas to low doses of secretin, and vagotomy decreases basal protein output, indicating that the vagus may play a direct role in the stimulation of enzyme secretion.
TL;DR: The evidence for a particular point of view concerning some fundamental aspect of gastrointestinal or hepatic function which has long been a matter of intense interest and considerable controversy is summarized.
TL;DR: It is found that buffalo have the highest water turnover of any unstressed animal so far measured—200 ml./kg/24 h, which relates to the number of molecules passing through the size-adjusted volumes of body water.
Abstract: MAMMALS inhabiting desert regions might be expected to have similar physiology, particularly in rates of water use. Groups of ungulates in the field, however, show a wide range of water consumption. We measured, over periods of weeks, the uninhibited intake of water and food by groups of animals grazing together on the same territory and this was integrated with metabolic water from oxidation of hydrogen. Using this approach1 we found that buffalo (Bos bubalus bubalis) have the highest water turnover of any unstressed animal so far measured—200 ml./kg/24 h. Bos taurus in the same tropical climate were next in rank order, then Bibos banteng and the least water-demanding of the cattle group were Bos indicus (123 ml./kg/24 h). In the summer deserts of Australia and northern Kenya, the highest water turnover rates occurred in cattle, with sheep at about half their rate, goats somewhat less and camels (Camelus dromedarius) least in their water requirements, at half to one-third the rate of cattle2. In temperate environments the same rank order of genera and species was sustained. Because of different degrees of fatness (body solids, Table 1) it is useful to rank the animals by mol/l.0.82, which relates to the number of molecules passing through the size-adjusted volumes of body water.
TL;DR: In this article, the spectral absorptance of dry wood samples was measured in order to calculate an average absorption over the range of spectral quality of the incident radiation, and the ignition data were correlated on the basis of relationships suggested by considering the wood specimens as infinite slabs of inert opaque material.
TL;DR: A comparison of testicular lipid changes resulting from other treatments indicates those induced by α-tocopherol deficiency are unique and may function as a regulator of the metabolism of linoleate-derived polyenoic fatty acids is suggested.
TL;DR: In this paper, the natural histories of two anti-pornography campaigns (Midville and Southtown) are analyzed comparatively in the frameworks suggested by Smelser's (1962) theory of collective behavior and Gusfield's (1963) dramatistic theory of status politics.
Abstract: The natural histories of two anti-pornography campaigns (Midville and Southtown) are analyzed comparatively in the frameworks suggested by Smelser's (1962) theory of collective behavior and Gusfield's (1963) dramatistic theory of status politics. Both the Midville and Southtown campaigns are found, as hypothesized, to be norm-oriented social movements and symbolic crusades, and developmentally to fit the value-added stages of collective behavior. Active participants in the campaigns (Conporns) are found, again as hypothesized, to be status discontents defending the dominance and prestige of a life style to which they were committed, and to differ markedly from opponents to the campaigns (Proporns) in selected demographic characteristics. A set of predictor variables is suggested as describing the community settings in which anti-pornography campaigns, as symbolic crusades, can be expected to emerge. Data were gathered by extensive observation, document search, unstructured interviews with campaign-knowledgeable respondents, and structured interviews with 85 Conporns, 51 Proporns, and 40 Controls.
TL;DR: Examination of the family tree indicates that the predisposition to develop malignancies is probably inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, although the cytogenetic studies carried out on the one family member prior to and after the development of acute leukemia suggest that the malignant cells in this individual were associated with an abnormal number of chromosomes.
Abstract: A family with a high incidence of malignant disease has been followed for 11 years. Thirty-seven of the 405 members of the family have had some type of malignant process. The most common types of malignancy were carcinoma of the breast, sarcoma, and acute leukemia. Cytogenetic studies were performed on the peripheral blood of 27 members of the family. Increased numbers of abnormal chromosomes were not consistently seen, although some members of the family seemed to have more aneuploidy than would be expected from studies of the general population. One member of the family had chromosome studies before and after developing acute leukemia, and was found to have a mode of 46 chromosomes before leukemia developed and a mode of 45 chromosomes in the peripheral blood and bone marrow after acute leukemia had developed. Examination of the family tree indicates that the predisposition to develop malignancies is probably inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. There is no evidence as to the mechanism by which this takes place, although the cytogenetic studies carried out on the one family member prior to and after the development of acute leukemia suggest that the malignant cells in this individual were associated with an abnormal number of chromosomes.
TL;DR: Properties of the small pulmonary arteries in patients with alpha1 antitrypsin deficiency, including a sparsity of arborization and a diminished background blush of capillary filling, may be responsible for pulmonary hypertension and altered regional perfusion.
Abstract: Patients with homozygous alpha1 antitrypsin deficiency present a unique opportunity for evaluation of the pulmonary vasculature in primary emphysema. In five patients, the detailed angiographic appearance of small (0.2-2.0 mm diameter) muscular pulmonary arteries, shown by wedge arteriography, was correlated with the results of right heart catheterization during the control hypoxemic state (average arterial Poo2 50 mm Hg), the administration of oxygen (average arterial Poo2 90 mm Hg), and a constant infusion of aminophylline. In all patients, wedge arteriograms in the lower zones of the lungs showed a sparsity of arborization and a diminished background blush of capillary filling. These abnormalities were in the areas of diminished pulmonary blood flow, as indicated by the pulmonary scintiscans and the capillary phase of pulmonary arteriograms. The administration of oxygen and of aminophylline produced an increase in the diameter of arteries 0.5 to 2 mm in diameter on the wedge arteriograms of some of the...
TL;DR: The results suggest the concept of a functional or physiologic cross-sectional area of the aortic valvular orifice, which may be restricted without impingement upon the functional cross-section area in states in which flow across the valve is low.
Abstract: The orifice area of the functioning aortic valve was measured roentgenographically and related to flow across the valve in 27 patients (12 with normal valves). The orifice area of normal valves was linearly related to stroke index and to left ventricular ejection rate. Less than half of the cross-sectional area of the valve was utilized in most patients during the resting state. A larger percentage of the anatomical cross-sectional area was utilized during states of higher flow. Cinematographic studies of porcine valves in vitro showed a comparable flow-dependent orifice size. These results suggest the concept of a functional or physiologic cross-sectional area of the aortic valvular orifice. The anatomic cross-sectional area may be restricted without impingement upon the functional cross-sectional area in states in which flow across the valve is low.
TL;DR: Lipoproteins containing an antigenic component characteristic of one density range were often found in purified, i.e. albumin-free lipoprotein isolated in an adjacent density range, supporting the conclusion that in the dog, as in man, a lipoprotein classification system based solely on hydrated densities has limited applicability.
TL;DR: While depression was a more persistent state among patients than controls, it was not found to be age-related among either patients or controls and the implication of these findings in planning strategies of therapeutic intervention to circumvent the cumulative effects of anxiety and depression is discussed.
Abstract: A Markov process analysis was applied in a study of anxiety and depression patterns among 31 male patients with coronary heart disease and 46 healthy male controls. Anxiety and depression were measured at six- to eight-week intervals over a period of 15 months by the subjects' completion of shortened versions of the Bendig Anxiety and Welsh Depression subscales of the MMPI. The sequence of anxiety and depression states for each subject at each examination was used as input to the Markov analysis system. Patients had significantly higher anxiety scores over time than the controls. Patients under age 50 showed a fivefold greater incidence of anxiety and a higher degree of retention of high anxiety over time than controls in the same age group. The anxiety level of controls was low irrespective of age. While depression was a more persistent state among patients than controls, it was not found to be age-related among either patients or controls. The implication of these findings in planning strategies of therapeutic intervention to circumvent the cumulative effects of anxiety and depression is discussed.
01 Dec 1971-Journal of Comparative Physiology A-neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology
TL;DR: Oxygen consumption was measured with an automatic continuously recording electrolysis system in toads acclimated at 15° C and under photoperiods of LD 8∶16, 12∶12, 16∶8, 6∶6, 23∶1 and LL and DD and these rhythms were shown to be non-circadian, since they do not persist in freerunning conditions of up to 45 days.
Abstract: Oxygen consumption was measured with an automatic continuously recording electrolysis system in toads acclimated at 15° C and under photoperiods of LD 8∶16, 12∶12, 16∶8, 6∶6, 23∶1 and LL and DD. All groups exposed to LD had pronounced significant daily rhythms with a trough near the onset of the photophase and a peak at the beginning of the scotophase (Figs. 1–3, 9, 10), while no rhythms were detected in animals exposed under free-running conditions of constant light (Figs. 6–7) or constant darkness (Fig. 8), even on the first day under LL or DD. These rhythms are thus shown to be non-circadian, since they do not persist in freerunning conditions of up to 45 days. Some preliminary evidence from studies on locomotor activity (Figs. 12, 13) indicates that the daily rhythm in metabolic rate may be independent of the locomotor activity cycle. The difference in the rate of oxygen consumption during peak and low hours of each daily cycle is defined as the “daily routine metabolic scope”, which may be more useful in ecological studies of animal energetics than the difference between the minimum and a forced maximum metabolic rate. No correlations were found between daily changes in atmospheric pressure and cycles of oxygen consumption.
TL;DR: Apomorphine pretreatment for 3 days exhibited a definite induction of its own metabolism, and Estradiol produced a significant inhibition of the metabolism.
TL;DR: Observations in the field were made on Richardson's ground squirrel, Spermophilus richardsonii richardonii, for 3 years, and the behaviours observed are classified as posture, locomotion, elimination, tail flicking, nest building, and grooming.
TL;DR: The ability of pulmonary wedge arteriograms to show emboli in pulmonary arteries as small as 1.5 mm in diameter was demonstrated in two patients and may serve as a useful supplemental diagnostic procedure in patients with pulmonary embolism.
TL;DR: A simply prepared complement-fixation antigen was developed and examined and proved to be very useful and specific for the serologic diagnosis of extracutaneous sporotrichosis.
Abstract: The diagnosis of extracutaneous sporotrichosis often presents a serious problem. This disease often mimics other mycotic and bacterial infections. A simply prepared complement-fixation antigen was developed and examined by screening a large number of known cases of sporotrichosis. This proved to be very useful and specific for the serologic diagnosis of extracutaneous sporotrichosis. No false positive reactions were observed when the antigen was allowed to react with sera from patients having other mycotic infections. The simplicity of the preparation and the specificity of the antigen allows it to be used in the hospital laboratory for rapid, accurate diagnosis of a rather atypical sporotrichosis.