Showing papers by "University of Oviedo published in 2017"
Paris Descartes University1, Cornell University2, University of Massachusetts Medical School3, Spanish National Research Council4, Boston Children's Hospital5, University of Rome Tor Vergata6, University of Pittsburgh7, National University of Cuyo8, National Scientific and Technical Research Council9, Albert Einstein College of Medicine10, University of California, San Francisco11, University of New Mexico12, University of Split13, Goethe University Frankfurt14, University of Helsinki15, University of Salento16, German Cancer Research Center17, Virginia Commonwealth University18, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital19, Discovery Institute20, Harvard University21, University of Tromsø22, Hungarian Academy of Sciences23, Eötvös Loránd University24, New York University25, University of Vienna26, Babraham Institute27, University of South Australia28, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center29, Howard Hughes Medical Institute30, University of Oviedo31, University of Graz32, National Institutes of Health33, Queens College34, City University of New York35, University of Tokyo36, University of Zurich37, Novartis38, Austrian Academy of Sciences39, University of Groningen40, University of Cambridge41, University of Padua42, University of Oxford43, University of Bern44, University of Oslo45, University of Crete46, Foundation for Research & Technology – Hellas47, Francis Crick Institute48, Osaka University49, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai50
TL;DR: A panel of leading experts in the field attempts here to define several autophagy‐related terms based on specific biochemical features to formulate recommendations that facilitate the dissemination of knowledge within and outside the field of autophagic research.
Abstract: Over the past two decades, the molecular machinery that underlies autophagic responses has been characterized with ever increasing precision in multiple model organisms. Moreover, it has become clear that autophagy and autophagy-related processes have profound implications for human pathophysiology. However, considerable confusion persists about the use of appropriate terms to indicate specific types of autophagy and some components of the autophagy machinery, which may have detrimental effects on the expansion of the field. Driven by the overt recognition of such a potential obstacle, a panel of leading experts in the field attempts here to define several autophagy-related terms based on specific biochemical features. The ultimate objective of this collaborative exchange is to formulate recommendations that facilitate the dissemination of knowledge within and outside the field of autophagy research.
1,095 citations
TL;DR: A fully-fledged particle-flow reconstruction algorithm tuned to the CMS detector was developed and has been consistently used in physics analyses for the first time at a hadron collider as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The CMS apparatus was identified, a few years before the start of the LHC operation at CERN, to feature properties well suited to particle-flow (PF) reconstruction: a highly-segmented tracker, a fine-grained electromagnetic calorimeter, a hermetic hadron calorimeter, a strong magnetic field, and an excellent muon spectrometer. A fully-fledged PF reconstruction algorithm tuned to the CMS detector was therefore developed and has been consistently used in physics analyses for the first time at a hadron collider. For each collision, the comprehensive list of final-state particles identified and reconstructed by the algorithm provides a global event description that leads to unprecedented CMS performance for jet and hadronic τ decay reconstruction, missing transverse momentum determination, and electron and muon identification. This approach also allows particles from pileup interactions to be identified and enables efficient pileup mitigation methods. The data collected by CMS at a centre-of-mass energy of 8\TeV show excellent agreement with the simulation and confirm the superior PF performance at least up to an average of 20 pileup interactions.
719 citations
International Agency for Research on Cancer1, University of Bristol2, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust3, Vanderbilt University Medical Center4, University of Kentucky5, University of Copenhagen6, Lund University7, Technische Universität München8, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center9, Harvard University10, Dartmouth College11, University of Liverpool12, Umeå University13, National Institute of Occupational Health14, New Generation University College15, Radboud University Nijmegen16, BC Cancer Agency17, Washington State University18, University of Hawaii19, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research20, University of Southern California21, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology22, University of Salzburg23, Curie Institute24, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine25, University of Ostrava26, Charles University in Prague27, Nanjing Medical University28, University of Oviedo29, University of Sheffield30, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center31, University of Pittsburgh32, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute33
TL;DR: The results are consistent with a causal role of fasting insulin and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in lung cancer etiology, as well as for BMI in squamous cell and small cell carcinoma, and the latter relation may be mediated by a previously unrecognized effect of obesity on smoking behavior.
Abstract: Background: Assessing the relationship between lung cancer and metabolic conditions is challenging because of the confounding effect of tobacco. Mendelian randomization (MR), or the use of genetic ...
653 citations
TL;DR: It is expected that the encapsulation and crystallization within these compartments can be considered as a promising template (nanovials) that hold and protect nanocrystals and protein clusters from the direct radiation damage before data acquisition, while they are examined by modern crystallography methodologies such as serial femtosecond crystallography.
Abstract: The possibility of using sub-micrometer polymeric stomatocytes is investigated to effectuate confined crystallization of inorganic compounds These bowl-shaped polymeric compartments facilitate confined crystallization while their glassy surfaces provide their crystalline cargos with convenient shielding from the electron beam's harsh effects during transmission electron microscopy experiments Stomatocytes host the growth of a single nanocrystal per nanocavity, and the electron diffraction experiments reveal that their glassy membranes do not interfere with the diffraction patterns obtained from their crystalline cargos Therefore, it is expected that the encapsulation and crystallization within these compartments can be considered as a promising template (nanovials) that hold and protect nanocrystals and protein clusters from the direct radiation damage before data acquisition, while they are examined by modern crystallography methodologies such as serial femtosecond crystallography
627 citations
U. Bhawandeep1, Vardan Khachatryan, Albert M. Sirunyan, Armen Tumasyan +2289 more•Institutions (147)
TL;DR: In this paper, the trigger system consists of two levels designed to select events of potential physics interest from a GHz (MHz) interaction rate of proton-proton (heavy ion) collisions.
Abstract: This paper describes the CMS trigger system and its performance during Run 1 of the LHC. The trigger system consists of two levels designed to select events of potential physics interest from a GHz (MHz) interaction rate of proton-proton (heavy ion) collisions. The first level of the trigger is implemented in hardware, and selects events containing detector signals consistent with an electron, photon, muon, tau lepton, jet, or missing transverse energy. A programmable menu of up to 128 object-based algorithms is used to select events for subsequent processing. The trigger thresholds are adjusted to the LHC instantaneous luminosity during data taking in order to restrict the output rate to 100 kHz, the upper limit imposed by the CMS readout electronics. The second level, implemented in software, further refines the purity of the output stream, selecting an average rate of 400 Hz for offline event storage. The objectives, strategy and performance of the trigger system during the LHC Run 1 are described.
532 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an improved jet energy scale corrections, based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb^(-1) collected by the CMS experiment in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, are presented.
Abstract: Improved jet energy scale corrections, based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb^(-1) collected by the CMS experiment in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, are presented. The corrections as a function of pseudorapidity η and transverse momentum p_T are extracted from data and simulated events combining several channels and methods. They account successively for the effects of pileup, uniformity of the detector response, and residual data-simulation jet energy scale differences. Further corrections, depending on the jet flavor and distance parameter (jet size) R, are also presented. The jet energy resolution is measured in data and simulated events and is studied as a function of pileup, jet size, and jet flavor. Typical jet energy resolutions at the central rapidities are 15–20% at 30 GeV, about 10% at 100 GeV, and 5% at 1 TeV. The studies exploit events with dijet topology, as well as photon+jet, Z+jet and multijet events. Several new techniques are used to account for the various sources of jet energy scale corrections, and a full set of uncertainties, and their correlations, are provided. The final uncertainties on the jet energy scale are below 3% across the phase space considered by most analyses (p_T > 30 GeV and 0|η| 30 GeV is reached, when excluding the jet flavor uncertainties, which are provided separately for different jet flavors. A new benchmark for jet energy scale determination at hadron colliders is achieved with 0.32% uncertainty for jets with p_T of the order of 165–330 GeV, and |η| < 0.8.
505 citations
TL;DR: The cancer-cell-intrinsic and -extrinsics factors that regulate metastasis are outlined, the key role of natural killer cells in the control of metastatic dissemination is discussed, and potential therapeutic approaches to prevent or target metastatic disease are presented.
476 citations
International Agency for Research on Cancer1, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute2, Dartmouth College3, Harvard University4, National Institutes of Health5, University of Cambridge6, University of Copenhagen7, Copenhagen University Hospital8, Gentofte Hospital9, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center10, University of Hawaii11, University of Göttingen12, Vanderbilt University Medical Center13, Case Western Reserve University14, University of Oviedo15, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology16, University of Sheffield17, University of Liverpool18, Radboud University Nijmegen19, Washington State University Spokane20, National Institute of Occupational Health21, BC Cancer Agency22, Nanjing Medical University23, New Generation University College24, University of Pittsburgh25, University of Milan26, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre27, University of Southern California28, Sejong University29, Lund University30, Imperial College London31, Aarhus University32, Prevention Institute33, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center34, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich35, Technische Universität München36, University Hospital Heidelberg37, Umeå University38, University of Kentucky39, Charles University in Prague40, University of Ostrava41, University of Belgrade42, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine43, University of Bergen44, National University of Singapore45, Institute of Cancer Research46, American Cancer Society47, Merck & Co.48, University of British Columbia49, University Medical Center Groningen50, National Institute for Health Research51, University of Leicester52, Amgen53, Research Triangle Park54, Washington University in St. Louis55, Baylor College of Medicine56, Anschutz Medical Campus57, University of Washington58, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health59, University of Toronto60, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute61, Laval University62
TL;DR: 18 susceptibility loci achieving genome-wide significance are identified, including 10 new loci linked with lung cancer overall and six loci associated with lung adenocarcinoma, highlighting the striking heterogeneity in genetic susceptibility across the histological subtypes of lung cancer.
Abstract: Although several lung cancer susceptibility loci have been identified, much of the heritability for lung cancer remains unexplained. Here 14,803 cases and 12,262 controls of European descent were genotyped on the OncoArray and combined with existing data for an aggregated genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis of lung cancer in 29,266 cases and 56,450 controls. We identified 18 susceptibility loci achieving genome-wide significance, including 10 new loci. The new loci highlight the striking heterogeneity in genetic susceptibility across the histological subtypes of lung cancer, with four loci associated with lung cancer overall and six loci associated with lung adenocarcinoma. Gene expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis in 1,425 normal lung tissue samples highlights RNASET2, SECISBP2L and NRG1 as candidate genes. Other loci include genes such as a cholinergic nicotinic receptor, CHRNA2, and the telomere-related genes OFBC1 and RTEL1. Further exploration of the target genes will continue to provide new insights into the etiology of lung cancer.
405 citations
University College Cork1, Health Service Executive2, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland3, Karolinska Institutet4, Health Science University5, Tel Aviv University6, University of Oviedo7, Heidelberg University8, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy9, University of Lorraine10, University of Primorska11, Tallinn University12
TL;DR: In a multi-level mixed effects model more frequent physical activity and participation in sport were both found to independently contribute to greater well-being and lower levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms in both sexes.
Abstract: In this cross-sectional study, physical activity, sport participation and associations with well-being, anxiety and depressive symptoms were examined in a large representative sample of European adolescents. A school-based survey was completed by 11,110 adolescents from ten European countries who took part in the SEYLE (Saving and Empowering Young Lives in Europe) study. The questionnaire included items assessing physical activity, sport participation and validated instruments assessing well-being (WHO-5), depressive symptoms (BDI-II) and anxiety (SAS). Multi-level mixed effects linear regression was used to examine associations between physical activity/sport participation and mental health measures. A minority of the sample (17.9 % of boys and 10.7 % of girls; p < 0.0005) reported sufficient activity based on WHO guidelines (60 min + daily). The mean number of days of at least 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous activity in the past 2 weeks was 7.5 ± 4.4 among boys and 5.9 days ± 4.3 among girls. Frequency of activity was positively correlated with well-being and negatively correlated with both anxiety and depressive symptoms, up to a threshold of moderate frequency of activity. In a multi-level mixed effects model more frequent physical activity and participation in sport were both found to independently contribute to greater well-being and lower levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms in both sexes. Increasing activity levels and sports participation among the least active young people should be a target of community and school-based interventions to promote well-being. There does not appear to be an additional benefit to mental health associated with meeting the WHO-recommended levels of activity.
372 citations
University of Adelaide1, University of Sydney2, University of Cape Town3, University of Florence4, Oxford Brookes University5, University of Tübingen6, Autonomous University of Barcelona7, University of Mainz8, Pompeu Fabra University9, University of Oviedo10, Spanish National Research Council11, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences12, University of Warsaw13, University of Liverpool14, University of Aberdeen15, Simon Fraser University16
TL;DR: The shotgun-sequencing of ancient DNA from five specimens of Neanderthal calcified dental plaque is described and the characterization of regional differences in Neanderthal ecology is described, suggesting that meat consumption contributed to substantial variation within Neanderthal microbiota.
Abstract: Recent genomic data have revealed multiple interactions between Neanderthals and modern humans, but there is currently little genetic evidence regarding Neanderthal behaviour, diet, or disease. Here we describe the shotgun-sequencing of ancient DNA from five specimens of Neanderthal calcified dental plaque (calculus) and the characterization of regional differences in Neanderthal ecology. At Spy cave, Belgium, Neanderthal diet was heavily meat based and included woolly rhinoceros and wild sheep (mouflon), characteristic of a steppe environment. In contrast, no meat was detected in the diet of Neanderthals from El Sidron cave, Spain, and dietary components of mushrooms, pine nuts, and moss reflected forest gathering. Differences in diet were also linked to an overall shift in the oral bacterial community (microbiota) and suggested that meat consumption contributed to substantial variation within Neanderthal microbiota. Evidence for self-medication was detected in an El Sidron Neanderthal with a dental abscess and a chronic gastrointestinal pathogen (Enterocytozoon bieneusi). Metagenomic data from this individual also contained a nearly complete genome of the archaeal commensal Methanobrevibacter oralis (10.2× depth of coverage)-the oldest draft microbial genome generated to date, at around 48,000 years old. DNA preserved within dental calculus represents a notable source of information about the behaviour and health of ancient hominin specimens, as well as a unique system that is useful for the study of long-term microbial evolution.
358 citations
Vardan Khachatryan1, Albert M. Sirunyan1, Armen Tumasyan1, Wolfgang Adam +2333 more•Institutions (195)
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC and the CMS detector provided by the following funding agencies:======BMWFW and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ,======And FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS======(Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RPF (
Abstract: we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and
operation of the LHC and the CMS detector provided by the following funding agencies:
BMWFW and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ,
and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS
(Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador);
MoER, ERC IUT and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland);
CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece);
OTKA and NIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN
(Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia);
BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MBIE (New
Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna);
MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MESTD (Serbia); SEIDI and CPAN (Spain);
Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST, STAR and
NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU and SFFR (Ukraine); STFC
(United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (U.S.A.).
TL;DR: In this paper, the Higgs boson mass was measured in the H → ZZ → 4l (l = e, μ) decay channel and the signal strength modifiers for individual Higgs production modes were also measured.
Abstract: Properties of the Higgs boson are measured in the H → ZZ → 4l (l = e, μ) decay channel. A data sample of proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s}=13 $ TeV, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{−1}$ is used. The signal strength modifier μ, defined as the ratio of the observed Higgs boson rate in the H → ZZ → 4l decay channel to the standard model expectation, is measured to be μ = 1.05$_{− 0.17}^{+ 0.19}$ at m$_{H}$ = 125.09 GeV, the combined ATLAS and CMS measurement of the Higgs boson mass. The signal strength modifiers for the individual Higgs boson production modes are also measured. The cross section in the fiducial phase space defined by the requirements on lepton kinematics and event topology is measured to be 2. 92$_{− 0.44}^{+ 0.48}$ (stat)$_{− 0.24}^{+ 0.28}$ (syst)fb, which is compatible with the standard model prediction of 2.76 ± 0.14 fb. Differential cross sections are reported as a function of the transverse momentum of the Higgs boson, the number of associated jets, and the transverse momentum of the leading associated jet. The Higgs boson mass is measured to be m$_{H}$ = 125.26 ± 0.21 GeV and the width is constrained using the on-shell invariant mass distribution to be Γ$_{H}$ < 1.10 GeV, at 95% confidence level.
TL;DR: Graphene plasmons are used, propagating at extremely slow velocities close to the electron Fermi velocity, to probe the nonlocal response of the graphene electron liquid, and a parameter-free match with the full quantum description of the massless Dirac electron gas is revealed.
Abstract: The response of electron systems to electrodynamic fields that change rapidly in space is endowed by unique features, including an exquisite spatial nonlocality This can reveal much about the materials’ electronic structure that is invisible in standard probes that use gradually varying fields Here, we use graphene plasmons, propagating at extremely slow velocities close to the electron Fermi velocity, to probe the nonlocal response of the graphene electron liquid The near-field imaging experiments reveal a parameter-free match with the full quantum description of the massless Dirac electron gas, which involves three types of nonlocal quantum effects: single-particle velocity matching, interaction-enhanced Fermi velocity, and interaction-reduced compressibility Our experimental approach can determine the full spatiotemporal response of an electron system
Vardan Khachatryan, Albert M. Sirunyan, Armen Tumasyan, Wolfgang Adam1 +2273 more•Institutions (154)
TL;DR: In this article, the second-order and third-order azimuthal anisotropy harmonics of unidentified charged particles, as well as v2v2 of View the MathML sourceKS0 and ViewTheMathML sourceΛ/Λ ǫ particles, are extracted from long-range two-particle correlations as functions of particle multiplicity and transverse momentum.
National Institutes of Health1, University of Sassari2, University of Verona3, University of Eastern Piedmont4, University of Cagliari5, University of Cambridge6, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza7, Karolinska Institutet8, University of Oviedo9, University of Seville10, University of Chicago11, Junta of Andalusia12, University of Milan13, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico14, Marche Polytechnic University15, Stanford University16, Karolinska University Hospital17, University of Michigan18
TL;DR: A TNFSF13B variant was associated with multiple sclerosis and SLE, and its effects were clarified at the population, cellular, and molecular levels.
Abstract: BackgroundGenomewide association studies of autoimmune diseases have mapped hundreds of susceptibility regions in the genome. However, only for a few association signals has the causal gene been identified, and for even fewer have the causal variant and underlying mechanism been defined. Coincident associations of DNA variants affecting both the risk of autoimmune disease and quantitative immune variables provide an informative route to explore disease mechanisms and drug-targetable pathways. MethodsUsing case–control samples from Sardinia, Italy, we performed a genomewide association study in multiple sclerosis followed by TNFSF13B locus–specific association testing in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Extensive phenotyping of quantitative immune variables, sequence-based fine mapping, cross-population and cross-phenotype analyses, and gene-expression studies were used to identify the causal variant and elucidate its mechanism of action. Signatures of positive selection were also investigated. ResultsA...
Max Planck Society1, University of Oviedo2, Pompeu Fabra University3, Spanish National Research Council4, Leiden University5, Bournemouth University6, University of Liège7, Russian Academy of Sciences8, Altai State University9, Australian Research Council10, University of Wollongong11, Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts12
TL;DR: Using targeted enrichment of mitochondrial DNA, it is shown that cave sediments represent a rich source of ancient mammalian DNA that often includes traces of hominin DNA, even at sites and in layers where no Hominin remains have been discovered.
Abstract: Although a rich record of Pleistocene human-associated archaeological assemblages exists, the scarcity of hominin fossils often impedes the understanding of which hominins occupied a site. Using targeted enrichment of mitochondrial DNA, we show that cave sediments represent a rich source of ancient mammalian DNA that often includes traces of hominin DNA, even at sites and in layers where no hominin remains have been discovered. By automation-assisted screening of numerous sediment samples, we detected Neandertal DNA in eight archaeological layers from four caves in Eurasia. In Denisova Cave, we retrieved Denisovan DNA in a Middle Pleistocene layer near the bottom of the stratigraphy. Our work opens the possibility of detecting the presence of hominin groups at sites and in areas where no skeletal remains are found.
TL;DR: It is shown that embryogenesis‐associated mouse RGC differentiation depends on mitophagy, the programmed autophagic clearance of mitochondria, which contributes to cellular differentiation in several distinct developmental contexts.
Abstract: Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are the sole projecting neurons of the retina and their axons form the optic nerve. Here, we show that embryogenesis-associated mouse RGC differentiation depends on mitophagy, the programmed autophagic clearance of mitochondria. The elimination of mitochondria during RGC differentiation was coupled to a metabolic shift with increased lactate production and elevated expression of glycolytic enzymes at the mRNA level. Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of either mitophagy or glycolysis consistently inhibited RGC differentiation. Local hypoxia triggered expression of the mitophagy regulator BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19-kDa-interacting protein 3-like (BNIP3L, best known as NIX) at peak RGC differentiation. Retinas from NIX-deficient mice displayed increased mitochondrial mass, reduced expression of glycolytic enzymes and decreased neuronal differentiation. Similarly, we provide evidence that NIX-dependent mitophagy contributes to mitochondrial elimination during macrophage polarization towards the proinflammatory and more glycolytic M1 phenotype, but not to M2 macrophage differentiation, which primarily relies on oxidative phosphorylation. In summary, developmentally controlled mitophagy promotes a metabolic switch towards glycolysis, which in turn contributes to cellular differentiation in several distinct developmental contexts.
Vardan Khachatryan1, Albert M. Sirunyan1, Armen Tumasyan1, Wolfgang Adam +2325 more•Institutions (191)
TL;DR: In this paper, an upper bound on the branching fraction of the Higgs boson decay to invisible particles, as a function of the assumed production cross-sections, was established, and the results were also interpreted in the context of Higgs-portal dark matter models.
Abstract: Searches for invisible decays of the Higgs boson are presented. The data collected with the CMS detector at the LHC correspond to integrated luminosities of 5.1, 19.7, and 2.3 fb−1 at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV, respectively. The search channels target Higgs boson production via gluon fusion, vector boson fusion, and in association with a vector boson. Upper limits are placed on the branching fraction of the Higgs boson decay to invisible particles, as a function of the assumed production cross sections. The combination of all channels, assuming standard model production, yields an observed (expected) upper limit on the invisible branching fraction of 0.24 (0.23) at the 95% confidence level. The results are also interpreted in the context of Higgs-portal dark matter models.
TL;DR: It is shown that Faraday/Vernadsky warming trend is an extreme case, circa twice those of the long-term records from other parts of the northern AP, and the results indicate that the cooling initiated in 1998/1999 has been most significant in the N and NE of the AP and the South Shetland Islands.
TL;DR: The present review aims at summarizing the current knowledge on intestinal microbiota alterations and other functions impaired in the elderly and to analyze tools for implementing nutritional strategies, through the use of probiotics, prebiotics or specific nutrients in order to counterbalance such alterations.
Abstract: The gut microbiota is the assembly of microorganisms living in our intestine and their genomes are known as the microbiome. The correct composition and functionality of this microbiome is essential for maintaining a "healthy status." Aging is related to changes in the gut microbiota which are frequently associated with physiological modifications of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as, to changes in dietary patterns, together with a concomitant decline in cognitive and immune function, all together contributing to frailty. Therefore, nutritional strategies directed at restoring the microbiota in the elderly have to be addressed from a global perspective, considering not only the microbiota but also other extra-intestinal targets of action. The present review aims at summarizing the current knowledge on intestinal microbiota alterations and other functions impaired in the elderly and to analyze tools for implementing nutritional strategies, through the use of probiotics, prebiotics or specific nutrients in order to counterbalance such alterations.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the changes in best-fit values of the standard ΛCDM model derived from the Planck temperature power spectrum at angular scales that had never before been measured to cosmic-variance level precision.
Abstract: The six parameters of the standard ΛCDM model have best-fit values derived from the Planck temperature power spectrum that are shifted somewhat from the best-fit values derived from WMAP data. These shifts are driven by features in the Planck temperature power spectrum at angular scales that had never before been measured to cosmic-variance level precision. We have investigated these shifts to determine whether they are within the range of expectation and to understand their origin in the data. Taking our parameter set to be the optical depth of the reionized intergalactic medium τ, the baryon density ωb, the matter density ωm, the angular size of the sound horizon θ∗, the spectral index of the primordial power spectrum, ns, and Ase− 2τ (where As is the amplitude of the primordial power spectrum), we have examined the change in best-fit values between a WMAP-like large angular-scale data set (with multipole moment l 800, or splitting at a different multipole, yields similar results. We examined the l 800 power spectrum data and find that the features there that drive these shifts are a set of oscillations across a broad range of angular scales. Although they partly appear similar to the effects of enhanced gravitational lensing, the shifts in ΛCDM parameters that arise in response to these features correspond to model spectrum changes that are predominantly due to non-lensing effects; the only exception is τ, which, at fixed Ase− 2τ, affects the l> 800 temperature power spectrum solely through the associated change in As and the impact of that on the lensing potential power spectrum. We also ask, “what is it about the power spectrum at l < 800 that leads to somewhat different best-fit parameters than come from the full l range?” We find that if we discard the data at l < 30, where there is a roughly 2σ downward fluctuation in power relative to the model that best fits the full l range, the l < 800 best-fit parameters shift significantly towards the l < 2500 best-fit parameters. In contrast, including l < 30, this previously noted “low-l deficit” drives ns up and impacts parameters correlated with ns, such as ωm and H0. As expected, the l < 30 data have a much greater impact on the l < 800 best fit than on the l < 2500 best fit. So although the shifts are not very significant, we find that they can be understood through the combined effects of an oscillatory-like set of high-l residuals and the deficit in low-l power, excursions consistent with sample variance that happen to map onto changes in cosmological parameters. Finally, we examine agreement between PlanckTT data and two other CMB data sets, namely the Planck lensing reconstruction and the TT power spectrum measured by the South Pole Telescope, again finding a lack of convincing evidence of any significant deviations in parameters, suggesting that current CMB data sets give an internally consistent picture of the ΛCDM model.Key words: cosmology: observations / cosmic background radiation / cosmological parameters / cosmology: theory
TL;DR: Systematic review and meta-analysis of peer-reviewed, longitudinal studies reporting predictors of functioning in FEP strongly support the rationale for early intervention in F EP and novel treatments targeting cognitive deficits may improve functional outcomes.
TL;DR: How MMPs and other proteases alter ECM composition and mechanical properties in aging, thereby affecting stem cell niches and the development of senescent phenotypes is discussed.
Sheba Medical Center1, Tel Aviv University2, Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya3, Karolinska Institutet4, Columbia University5, University of Molise6, National Institutes of Health7, Eötvös Loránd University8, Heidelberg University9, University of Oviedo10, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy11, University of Lorraine12, University of Primorska13, Tallinn University14
TL;DR: Findings support the development of prevention strategies for adolescent victims of bullying who may be at elevated risk for suicide ideation/behavior, by taking into account gender, the type of bullying, symptomatology, and availability of interpersonal support.
TL;DR: A step‐up approach results in early identification of a majority of responders to an empiric diet with few food triggers, avoiding unnecessary dietary restrictions, saving endoscopies, and shortening the diagnostic process.
Abstract: Background Numerous dietary restrictions and endoscopies limit the implementation of empiric elimination diets in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). Milk and wheat/gluten are the most common food triggers. Objective We sought to assess the effectiveness of a step-up dietary strategy for EoE. Methods We performed a prospective study conducted in 14 centers. Patients underwent a 6-week 2-food-group elimination diet (TFGED; milk and gluten-containing cereals). Remission was defined by symptom improvement and less than 15 eosinophils/high-power field. Nonresponders were gradually offered a 4-food-group elimination diet (FFGED; TFGED plus egg and legumes) and a 6-food-group elimination diet (SFGED; FFGED plus nuts and fish/seafood). In responders eliminated food groups were reintroduced individually, followed by endoscopy. Results One hundred thirty patients (25 pediatric patients) were enrolled, with 97 completing all phases of the study. A TFGED achieved EoE remission in 56 (43%) patients, with no differences between ages. Food triggers in TFGED responders were milk (52%), gluten-containing grains (16%), and both (28%). EoE induced only by milk was present in 18% and 33% of adults and children, respectively. Remission rates with FFGEDs and SFGEDs were 60% and 79%, with increasing food triggers, especially after an SFGED. Overall, 55 (91.6%) of 60 of the TFGED/FFGED responders had 1 or 2 food triggers. Compared with the initial SFGED, a step-up strategy reduced endoscopic procedures and diagnostic process time by 20%. Conclusions A TFGED diet achieves EoE remission in 43% of children and adults. A step-up approach results in early identification of a majority of responders to an empiric diet with few food triggers, avoiding unnecessary dietary restrictions, saving endoscopies, and shortening the diagnostic process.
01 Jul 2017
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that PSO efficiently explores the solution space, allowing DNNs of a minimal topology to obtain competitive classification performance over the MNIST dataset and improves the performance of existing architectures.
Abstract: Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved unprecedented success in a wide array of tasks. However, the performance of these systems depends directly on their hyper-parameters which often must be selected by an expert. Optimizing the hyper-parameters remains a substantial obstacle in designing DNNs in practice. In this work, we propose to select them using particle swarm optimization (PSO). Such biologically-inspired approaches have not been extensively exploited for this task. We demonstrate that PSO efficiently explores the solution space, allowing DNNs of a minimal topology to obtain competitive classification performance over the MNIST dataset. We showed that very small DNNs optimized by PSO retrieve promising classification accuracy for CIFAR-10. Also, PSO improves the performance of existing architectures. Extensive experimental study, backed-up with the statistical tests, revealed that PSO is an effective technique for automating hyper-parameter selection and efficiently exploits computational resources.
TL;DR: Benefits and disadvantages of different LED drivers are discussed and a detailed technology review is presented which is good for researchers and engineers to make right choices in design and selection of LED drivers.
Abstract: Light-emitting diode (LEDs) have a promising prospect because of its outstanding advantages: 1) long lifetime, 2) environmentally friendly, 3) flexibility of color mixing, 4) high illumination efficiency, etc. Based on the electrical characteristics of LEDs, a constant current driver is needed to support the LED working performance. With the wide applications of LEDs, many new technologies are presented. In this paper, advantages and disadvantages of different LED drivers are discussed. A detailed technology review is presented which is good for researchers and engineers to make right choices in design and selection of LED drivers.
University of Minnesota1, Regions Hospital2, University of Auckland3, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine4, University of Illinois at Chicago5, University of Oviedo6, Spanish National Research Council7, Anglia Ruskin University8, University of Oxford9, National Institutes of Health10, Tokyo Dental College11, University of Nottingham12, University of Louisville13, Federal University of São Paulo14, University of Helsinki15, University of Waterloo16, Catholic University of Korea17, Xiamen University18, University of Alabama at Birmingham19, University of California, Davis20, L V Prasad Eye Institute21, University of New South Wales22, Glasgow Caledonian University23, Keio University24, Aston University25, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary26
TL;DR: This research highlights the need to understand more fully the role of emotion in the decision-making process and the importance of positive emotions in the development of new treatments for Alzheimer's disease.
Abstract: J. Daniel Nelson, MD a, b, , Jennifer P. Craig, MCOptom, PhD , Esen K. Akpek MD , Dimitri T. Azar, MD , Carlos Belmonte, MD, PhD f, , Anthony J. Bron, FRCOphth, FMedSci h, , Janine A. Clayton, MD , Murat Dogru, MD, PhD k, , Harminder S. Dua, MD, PhD , Gary N. Foulks, MD , Jos e A.P. Gomes, MD, PhD , Katherine M. Hammitt, MA , Juha Holopainen, MD, PhD , Lyndon Jones, FCOptom, PhD , Choun-Ki Joo, MD, PhD , Zuguo Liu, MD, PhD , Jason J. Nichols, OD, PhD , Kelly K. Nichols, OD, PhD , Gary D. Novack, PhD v, , Virender Sangwan, MBBS, MS , Fiona Stapleton, MCOptom, PhD , Alan Tomlinson, FCOptom, DSc , Kazuo Tsubota, MD , Mark D.P. Willcox, PhD, DSc , James S. Wolffsohn, FCOptom PhD , David A. Sullivan, PhD ac
TL;DR: An unprecedented method that makes use of the cooperative interplay between molecular iodine and photoredox catalysis has been developed for dual light‐activated intramolecular benzylic C−H amination and has important implications for the combination of non‐metallic main‐group catalysis with photocatalysis.
Abstract: An unprecedented method that makes use of the cooperative interplay between molecular iodine and photoredox catalysis has been developed for dual light-activated intramolecular benzylic C-H amination Iodine serves as the catalyst for the formation of a new C-N bond by activating a remote Csp3 -H bond (1,5-HAT process) under visible-light irradiation while the organic photoredox catalyst TPT effects the reoxidation of the molecular iodine catalyst To explain the compatibility of the two involved photochemical steps, the key N-I bond activation was elucidated by computational methods The new cooperative catalysis has important implications for the combination of non-metallic main-group catalysis with photocatalysis
TL;DR: A global view of eggshell waste uses as catalyst in different processes is provided and a huge variety of added value products can be obtained by using this catalyst which emphasised the interest of further investigations in order to widen the possible uses of this cheap green catalyst