University of Paderborn

About: University of Paderborn is a education organization based out in Paderborn, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Control reconfiguration & Software. The organization has 6684 authors who have published 16929 publications receiving 323154 citations.

Unraveling the Shape Transformation in Silicon Clusters

Abstract: The prolate-to-spherical shape transition in Group IV clusters has been a puzzle since its discovery over a decade ago. Here we explain this phenomenon by elucidating the structures of ${\mathrm{S}\mathrm{i}}_{n}$ and $\mathrm{S}\mathrm{i}_{n}{}^{+}$ with $n=20--27$. The geometries were obtained in unbiased searches using a new ``big bang'' optimization method. They are substantially more stable than any found to date, and their ion mobilities and dissociation energies are in excellent agreement with experiment. The present results prove that the packing of midsize clusters is thermodynamically controlled and open the door to understanding the evolution of semiconductor nanosystems towards the bulk.

Intuitions About Sample Size: The Empirical Law of Large Numbers

Abstract: According to Jacob Bernoulli, even the ‘stupidest man’ knows that the larger one’s sample of observations, the more confidence one can have in being close to the truth about the phenomenon observed. Two-and-a-half centuries later, psychologists empirically tested people’s intuitions about sample size. One group of such studies found participants attentive to sample size; another found participants ignoring it. We suggest an explanation for a substantial part of these inconsistent findings. We propose the hypothesis that human intuition conforms to the ‘empirical law of large numbers’ and distinguish between two kinds of tasks — one that can be solved by this intuition (frequency distributions) and one for which it is not suAcient (sampling distributions). A review of the literature reveals that this distinction can explain a substantial part of the apparently inconsistent results. * c 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Saving Taxes Through Foreign Plant Ownership

Abstract: This paper analyzes to which extent foreign plant ownership involves lower tax payments than domestic plant ownership. We employ a model of endogenous foreign subsidiary ownership to derive a set of empirically testable hypotheses about the differential taxation of foreign- and domestically-owned subsidiaries. We assess these hypotheses in a data- set of 33,577 European foreign- and domestically-owned manufacturing plants. We identify a significant tax-saving of endogenous foreign owner- ship. On average, foreign owners pay 594 Euros per employee or about 56 percent less than domestic owners of similar subsidiaries. This effect is larger in thinner markets with fewer plants, in markets with a greater relative presence of foreign owners, and for foreign owners of larger plants.

New Partial Key Exposure Attacks on RSA

Abstract: In 1998, Boneh, Durfee and Frankel [4] presented several attacks on RSA when an adversary knows a fraction of the secret key bits. The motivation for these so-called partial key exposure attacks mainly arises from the study of side-channel attacks on RSA. With side channel attacks an adversary gets either most significant or least significant bits of the secret key. The polynomial time algorithms given in [4] only work provided that the public key e is smaller than \(N^{\frac{1}{2}}\). It was raised as an open question whether there are polynomial time attacks beyond this bound. We answer this open question in the present work both in the case of most and least significant bits. Our algorithms make use of Coppersmith’s heuristic method for solving modular multivariate polynomial equations [8]. For known most significant bits, we provide an algorithm that works for public exponents e in the interval [\(N^{\frac{1}{2}}\), N 0.725]. Surprisingly, we get an even stronger result for known least significant bits: An algorithm that works for all \(e < N^{\frac{7}{8}}\).