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Institution

University of Paris

EducationParis, France
About: University of Paris is a education organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 102426 authors who have published 174180 publications receiving 5041753 citations. The organization is also known as: Sorbonne.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new technique, called P lot s , is able to unfold the contributions of the different sources to the distribution of a data sample in a given variable.
Abstract: The paper advocates the use of a statistical tool dedicated to the exploration of data samples populated by several sources of events. This new technique, called P lot s , is able to unfold the contributions of the different sources to the distribution of a data sample in a given variable. The P lot s tool applies in the context of a likelihood fit which is performed on the data sample to determine the yields of the various sources.

813 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used an integrative systems biology approach to identify c-myc as an essential mediator of NOTCH1 signaling and integrate NOTCH 1 activation with oncogenic signaling pathways upstream of c-MYC.
Abstract: The NOTCH1 signaling pathway directly links extracellular signals with transcriptional responses in the cell nucleus and plays a critical role during T cell development and in the pathogenesis over 50% of human T cell lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cases. However, little is known about the transcriptional programs activated by NOTCH1. Using an integrative systems biology approach we show that NOTCH1 controls a feed-forward-loop transcriptional network that promotes cell growth. Inhibition of NOTCH1 signaling in T-ALL cells led to a reduction in cell size and elicited a gene expression signature dominated by down-regulated biosynthetic pathway genes. By integrating gene expression array and ChIP-on-chip data, we show that NOTCH1 directly activates multiple biosynthetic routes and induces c-MYC gene expression. Reverse engineering of regulatory networks from expression profiles showed that NOTCH1 and c-MYC govern two directly interconnected transcriptional programs containing common target genes that together regulate the growth of primary T-ALL cells. These results identify c-MYC as an essential mediator of NOTCH1 signaling and integrate NOTCH1 activation with oncogenic signaling pathways upstream of c-MYC.

812 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 2017-Gut
TL;DR: It is observed that fungal microbiota is skewed in IBD, with an increased Basidiomycota/Ascomycota ratio, a decreased proportion of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and an increased proportion of Candida albicans compared with HS, indicating that a Crohn's disease-specific gut environment may favour fungi at the expense of bacteria.
Abstract: The bacterial intestinal microbiota plays major roles in human physiology and IBDs. Although some data suggest a role of the fungal microbiota in IBD pathogenesis, the available data are scarce. The aim of our study was to characterise the faecal fungal microbiota in patients with IBD. Bacterial and fungal composition of the faecal microbiota of 235 patients with IBD and 38 healthy subjects (HS) was determined using 16S and ITS2 sequencing, respectively. The obtained sequences were analysed using the Qiime pipeline to assess composition and diversity. Bacterial and fungal taxa associated with clinical parameters were identified using multivariate association with linear models. Correlation between bacterial and fungal microbiota was investigated using Spearman's test and distance correlation. We observed that fungal microbiota is skewed in IBD, with an increased Basidiomycota/Ascomycota ratio, a decreased proportion of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and an increased proportion of Candida albicans compared with HS. We also identified disease-specific alterations in diversity, indicating that a Crohn's disease-specific gut environment may favour fungi at the expense of bacteria. The concomitant analysis of bacterial and fungal microbiota showed a dense and homogenous correlation network in HS but a dramatically unbalanced network in IBD, suggesting the existence of disease-specific inter-kingdom alterations. Besides bacterial dysbiosis, our study identifies a distinct fungal microbiota dysbiosis in IBD characterised by alterations in biodiversity and composition. Moreover, we unravel here disease-specific inter-kingdom network alterations in IBD, suggesting that, beyond bacteria, fungi might also play a role in IBD pathogenesis.

812 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Stephen G. Oliver1, Q. J. M. van der Aart2, M. L. Agostoni-Carbone3, Michel Aigle, Lilia Alberghina3, Despina Alexandraki, G. Antoine4, Rashida Anwar1, Juan P. G. Ballesta, Paule Bénit4, Gilbert Berben, Elisabetta Bergantino, N. Biteau, P. A. Bolle, Monique Bolotin-Fukuhara5, Anthony G. A. Brown1, Alistair J. P. Brown6, J. M. Buhler, C. Carcano3, Giovanna Carignani, Håkan Cederberg, R. Chanet4, Roland Contreras, Marc Crouzet, B. Daignan-Fornier5, E. Defoor7, M. Delgado, Jan Demolder, C. Doira5, Evelyne Dubois, Bernard Dujon8, A. Düsterhöft, D. Erdmann, M. Esteban, F. Fabre4, Cécile Fairhead8, Gérard Faye4, Horst Feldmann9, Walter Fiers, M. C. Francingues-Gaillard5, L. Franco, Laura Frontali10, H. Fukuhara4, L. J. Fuller11, P. Galland, Manda E. Gent1, D. Gigot, Véronique Gilliquet, Glansdorff Nn, André Goffeau12, M. Grenson13, P. Grisanti10, Leslie A. Grivell14, M. de Haan14, M. Haasemann, D. Hatat15, Janet Hoenicka, Johannes H. Hegemann, C. J. Herbert16, François Hilger, Stefan Hohmann, Cornelis P. Hollenberg, K. Huse, F. Iborra5, K. J. Indje1, K. Isono17, C. Jacq15, M. Jacquet5, C. M. James1, J. C. Jauniaux13, Y. Jia16, Alberto Jiménez, A. Kelly18, U. Kleinhans, P Kreisl, G. Lanfranchi, C Lewis11, C. G. vanderLinden19, G Lucchini3, K Lutzenkirchen, M.J. Maat14, L. Mallet5, G. Mannhaupet9, Enzo Martegani3, A. Mathieu4, C. T. C. Maurer19, David J. McConnell18, R. A. McKee11, F. Messenguy, Hans-Werner Mewes, Francis Molemans, M. A. Montague18, M. Muzi Falconi3, L. Navas, Carol S. Newlon20, D. Noone18, C. Pallier5, L. Panzeri3, Bruce M. Pearson11, J. Perea15, Peter Philippsen, A. Pierard, Rudi J. Planta19, Paolo Plevani3, B. Poetsch, Fritz M. Pohl21, B. Purnelle12, M. Ramezani Rad, S. W. Rasmussen, A. Raynal5, Miguel Remacha, P. Richterich21, Aki Roberts6, F. Rodriguez3, E. Sanz, I. Schaaff-Gerstenschlager, Bart Scherens, Bertold Schweitzer, Y. Shu15, J. Skala12, Piotr P. Slonimski16, F. Sor4, C. Soustelle5, R. Spiegelberg, Lubomira Stateva1, H. Y. Steensma2, S. Steiner, Agnès Thierry8, George Thireos, Maria Tzermia, L. A. Urrestarazu13, Giorgio Valle, I. Vetter9, J. C. van Vliet-Reedijk19, Marleen Voet7, Guido Volckaert7, P. Vreken19, H. Wang18, John R. Warmington1, D. von Wettstein, Barton Luke Wicksteed6, C. Wilson10, H. Wurst21, G. Xu, A. Yoshikawa17, Friedrich K. Zimmermann, J. G. Sgouros 
07 May 1992-Nature
TL;DR: The entire DNA sequence of chromosome III of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been determined, which is the first complete sequence analysis of an entire chromosome from any organism.
Abstract: The entire DNA sequence of chromosome III of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been determined. This is the first complete sequence analysis of an entire chromosome from any organism. The 315-kilobase sequence reveals 182 open reading frames for proteins longer than 100 amino acids, of which 37 correspond to known genes and 29 more show some similarity to sequences in databases. Of 55 new open reading frames analysed by gene disruption, three are essential genes; of 42 non-essential genes that were tested, 14 show some discernible effect on phenotype and the remaining 28 have no overt function.

811 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The extended follow-up of Syst-Eur patients reinforces the evidence that blood pressure–lowering therapy initiated with a long-acting dihydropyridine protects against dementia in older patients with systolic hypertension.
Abstract: Background After the double-blind, placebo-controlled Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) trial ended in February 1997, randomized patients were offered active study medication for a further period of observation. Objective To refine the estimates of the long-term effects of antihypertensive therapy on the incidence of dementia. Methods Eligible patients had no dementia and were at least 60 years old. Their systolic blood pressure at entry was 160 to 219 mm Hg, with diastolic blood pressure below 95 mm Hg. Antihypertensive therapy was started immediately after randomization in the active treatment group, but only after termination of the double-blind trial in the control patients. Treatment consisted of nitrendipine (10-40 mg/d), with the possible addition of enalapril maleate (5-20 mg/d), hydrochlorothiazide (12.5-25 mg/d), or both add-on drugs. Results Median follow-up increased from 2.0 years in the double-blind trial to 3.9 years overall. The incidence of dementia doubled from 32 to 64 cases, 41 of whom had Alzheimer disease. Throughout follow-up, systolic/diastolic blood pressure was 7.0/3.2 mm Hg higher in the 1417 control patients than in the 1485 subjects randomized to active treatment. At the last examination, the blood pressure difference was still 4.2/2.9 mm Hg; 48.1%, 26.4%, and 11.4% of the control patients were taking nitrendipine, enalapril, and/or hydrochlorothiazide, whereas in the active treatment group these proportions were 70.2%, 35.4%, and 18.4%, respectively. Compared with the controls, long-term antihypertensive therapy reduced the risk of dementia by 55%, from 7.4 to 3.3 cases per 1000 patient-years (43 vs 21 cases, P P Conclusion The extended follow-up of Syst-Eur patients reinforces the evidence that blood pressure–lowering therapy initiated with a long-acting dihydropyridine protects against dementia in older patients with systolic hypertension.

810 citations


Authors

Showing all 102613 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Guido Kroemer2361404246571
David H. Weinberg183700171424
Paul M. Thompson1832271146736
Chris Sander178713233287
Sophie Henrot-Versille171957157040
Richard H. Friend1691182140032
George P. Chrousos1691612120752
Mika Kivimäki1661515141468
Martin Karplus163831138492
William J. Sandborn1621317108564
Darien Wood1602174136596
Monique M.B. Breteler15954693762
Paul Emery1581314121293
Wolfgang Wagner1562342123391
Joao Seixas1531538115070
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202376
2022602
202116,433
202015,008
201911,047
20189,090