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Institution

University of Peradeniya

EducationKandy, Sri Lanka
About: University of Peradeniya is a education organization based out in Kandy, Sri Lanka. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 5970 authors who have published 7388 publications receiving 197002 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results are only suggestive of an association between periodontal disease and preterm low birthweight, perhaps indicating that previously reported associations may have been subjected to residual confounding due to tobacco, alcohol, and drug use.
Abstract: The hypothesis that periodontal disease is associated with pre-term low birthweight was tested in a prospective follow-up study of rural prima-gravida women (N = 227) who were free of tobacco, alcohol, and drug use. Women with 3rd trimester mean probing pocket depths, plaque, and bleeding scores that were greater than the median value in the cohort were defined as ‘exposed’. There were 17 (7.5%) preterm low birthweight singleton deliveries in the cohort (among ‘exposed’ = 12%; among ‘unexposed’ = 5.6%; Odds Ratio = 2.3; 95% CI = 0.9−6.3). After adjustment for the independent variables, the OR for preterm low birthweight in relation to ‘exposure’ was 1.9 (95% CI = 0.7−5.4). Our results are only suggestive of an association between periodontal disease and preterm low birthweight, perhaps indicating that previously reported associations may have been subjected to residual confounding due to tobacco, alcohol, and drug use.

100 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study provides community based incidence rates of snakebite and envenoming for Sri Lanka and highlights the limitations associated with estimates of incidence from hospital data or localized surveys, and shows wide variation in incidence within the country.
Abstract: Background There is a paucity of robust epidemiological data on snakebite, and data available from hospitals and localized or time-limited surveys have major limitations. No study has investigated the incidence of snakebite across a whole country. We undertook a community-based national survey and model based geostatistics to determine incidence, envenoming, mortality and geographical pattern of snakebite in Sri Lanka. Methodology/Principal Findings The survey was designed to sample a population distributed equally among the nine provinces of the country. The number of data collection clusters was divided among districts in proportion to their population. Within districts clusters were randomly selected. Population based incidence of snakebite and significant envenoming were estimated. Model-based geostatistics was used to develop snakebite risk maps for Sri Lanka. 1118 of the total of 14022 GN divisions with a population of 165665 (0.8%of the country’s population) were surveyed. The crude overall community incidence of snakebite, envenoming and mortality were 398 (95% CI: 356–441), 151 (130–173) and 2.3 (0.2–4.4) per 100000 population, respectively. Risk maps showed wide variation in incidence within the country, and snakebite hotspots and cold spots were determined by considering the probability of exceeding the national incidence. Conclusions/Significance This study provides community based incidence rates of snakebite and envenoming for Sri Lanka. The within-country spatial variation of bites can inform healthcare decision making and highlights the limitations associated with estimates of incidence from hospital data or localized surveys. Our methods are replicable, and these models can be adapted to other geographic regions after re-estimating spatial covariance parameters for the particular region. Author Summary Snakebite is a neglected tropical disease which mainly affects the rural poor in tropical countries. There is little reliable data on snakebite, which makes it difficult to estimate the true disease burden. Hospital statistics underestimate numbers of snakebites because a significant proportion of victims in tropical countries seek traditional treatments. On the other hand, time limited or localized surveys may be inaccurate as they may underestimate or overestimate numbers depending on when and where they are performed. To get a truer picture of the situation in Sri Lanka, where snakebites are an important cause of hospital admission, we undertook an island-wide community survey to determine the number of bites, envenomings and deaths due to snakebite in the previous 12 months. We found that there were more than 80,000 bites, 30,000 envenomings and 400 deaths due to snakebite, much more than claimed by official statistics. There was variation in numbers of bites and envenomings in different parts of the country and, using the data from our survey, we were able develop snakebite risk maps to identify snakebite hotspots and cold spots in the country. These maps would be useful for healthcare decision makers to allocate resources to manage snakebite in the country. We used free and open source software and replicable methods, which we believe can be adopted to other regions where snakebite is a public health problem.

100 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The objective of this review is to update the current knowledge on the etiology and etiopathogenesis of OSF.
Abstract: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic, insidious disease characterized by progressive submucosal fibrosis of the oral cavity and the oropharynx. People affected by this disease mostly live in south Asia, but migrants from these countries to the United States and Europe may present with OSF. We provide a historical background of the disease, and the objective of this review is to update the current knowledge on the etiology and etiopathogenesis of OSF.

100 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, all solid state dye-sensitised photolectrochemical solar cells of the type, FTO-TiO 2 -dye-pAN, EC, PC, Pr 4 N + I −, I 2 -Pt-FTO, have been fabricated and characterised using currentvoltage characteristics and action spectra.

99 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results indicate that root nodule formation is photomorphogenetically controlled by sensing the R/FR ratio through JA signaling.
Abstract: Light is critical for supplying carbon to the energetically expensive, nitrogen-fixing symbiosis between legumes and rhizobia. Here, we show that phytochrome B (phyB) is part of the monitoring system to detect suboptimal light conditions, which normally suppress Lotus japonicus nodule development after Mesorhizobium loti inoculation. We found that the number of nodules produced by L. japonicus phyB mutants is significantly reduced compared with the number produced of WT Miyakojima MG20. To explore causes other than photoassimilate production, the possibility that local control by the root genotype occurred was investigated by grafting experiments. The results showed that the shoot and not the root genotype is responsible for root nodule formation. To explore systemic control mechanisms exclusive of photoassimilation, we moved WT MG20 plants from white light to conditions that differed in their ratios of low or high red/far red (R/FR) light. In low R/FR light, the number of MG20 root nodules dramatically decreased compared with plants grown in high R/FR, although photoassimilate content was higher for plants grown under low R/FR. Also, the expression of jasmonic acid (JA) -responsive genes decreased in both low R/FR light-grown WT and white light-grown phyB mutant plants, and it correlated with decreased jasmonoyl-isoleucine content in the phyB mutant. Moreover, both infection thread formation and root nodule formation were positively influenced by JA treatment of WT plants grown in low R/FR light and white light-grown phyB mutants. Together, these results indicate that root nodule formation is photomorphogenetically controlled by sensing the R/FR ratio through JA signaling.

99 citations


Authors

Showing all 5992 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
David Gunnell11468879867
Michael S. Roberts8274027754
Richard F. Gillum7721784184
Lakshman P. Samaranayake7558619972
Adrian C. Newton7445321814
Nick Jenkins7132522477
Michael Eddleston6331016762
Velmurugu Ravindran6328014057
Samath D Dharmaratne62151103916
Nicholas A. Buckley6241914283
Saman Warnakulasuriya6028215766
Keith W. Hipel5854314045
Geoffrey K. Isbister5746812690
Fiona J Charlson539180274
Abbas Shafiee514188679
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202313
202250
2021648
2020630
2019500
2018539