Institution
University of Pittsburgh
Education•Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States•
About: University of Pittsburgh is a education organization based out in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 87042 authors who have published 201012 publications receiving 9656783 citations. The organization is also known as: Pitt & Western University of Pennsylvania.
Topics: Population, Transplantation, Poison control, Cancer, Health care
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Studying a mouse model of PDA that is refractory to the clinically used drug gemcitabine, it is found that the tumors in this model were poorly perfused and poorly vascularized, properties that are shared with human PDA.
Abstract: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is among the most lethal human cancers in part because it is insensitive to many chemotherapeutic drugs. Studying a mouse model of PDA that is refractory to the clinically used drug gemcitabine, we found that the tumors in this model were poorly perfused and poorly vascularized, properties that are shared with human PDA. We tested whether the delivery and efficacy of gemcitabine in the mice could be improved by coadministration of IPI-926, a drug that depletes tumor-associated stromal tissue by inhibition of the Hedgehog cellular signaling pathway. The combination therapy produced a transient increase in intratumoral vascular density and intratumoral concentration of gemcitabine, leading to transient stabilization of disease. Thus, inefficient drug delivery may be an important contributor to chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer.
2,831 citations
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TL;DR: This research presents a meta-analysis of 125 cases of central giant cell apoptosis, a type of cell death that is known as a “cell death” and which has been associated with Parkinson’s disease for more than 40 years.
Abstract: Timothy H. Dellit, Robert C. Owens, John E. McGowan, Jr., Dale N. Gerding, Robert A. Weinstein, John P. Burke, W. Charles Huskins, David L. Paterson, Neil O. Fishman, Christopher F. Carpenter, P. J. Brennan, Marianne Billeter, and Thomas M. Hooton Harborview Medical Center and the University of Washington, Seattle; Maine Medical Center, Portland; Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; Hines Veterans Affairs Hospital and Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Hines, and Stroger (Cook County) Hospital and Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois; University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan; Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, Louisiana; and University of Miami, Miami, Florida
2,831 citations
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TL;DR: A checklist of items that should be addressed in Reports of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement, a general reporting recommendations for descriptive observational studies and studies that investigate associations between exposures and health outcomes is developed.
Abstract: Much medical research is observational. The reporting of observational studies is often of insufficient quality. Poor reporting hampers the assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of a study and the generalizability of its results. Taking into account empirical evidence and theoretical considerations, a group of methodologists, researchers, and editors developed the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) recommendations to improve the quality of reporting of observational studies. The STROBE Statement consists of a checklist of 22 items, which relate to the title, abstract, introduction, methods, results, and discussion sections of articles. Eighteen items are common to cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies, and 4 are specific to each of the 3 study designs. The STROBE Statement provides guidance to authors about how to improve the reporting of observational studies and facilitates critical appraisal and interpretation of studies by reviewers, journal editors, and readers. This explanatory and elaboration document is intended to enhance the use, understanding, and dissemination of the STROBE Statement. The meaning and rationale for each checklist item are presented. For each item, 1 or several published examples and, where possible, references to relevant empirical studies and methodological literature are provided. Examples of useful flow diagrams are also included. The STROBE Statement, this document, and the associated Web site (www.strobe-statement.org) should be helpful resources to improve reporting of observational research.
2,813 citations
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National Institutes of Health1, University of Pittsburgh2, McMaster University3, University of Washington4, University of Cape Town5, Wake Forest University6, University of Leicester7, Karolinska Institutet8, University of Southampton9, Boston Children's Hospital10, John Hunter Hospital11, McGill University12, University of Wisconsin-Madison13, University of Virginia14
TL;DR: Recommendations and guidelines on the evaluation and treatment of severe asthma in children and adults and coordinated research efforts for improved phenotyping will provide safe and effective biomarker-driven approaches to severe asthma therapy are provided.
Abstract: Severe or therapy-resistant asthma is increasingly recognised as a major unmet need. A Task Force, supported by the European Respiratory Society and American Thoracic Society, reviewed the definition and provided recommendations and guidelines on the evaluation and treatment of severe asthma in children and adults. A literature review was performed, followed by discussion by an expert committee according to the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach for development of specific clinical recommendations. When the diagnosis of asthma is confirmed and comorbidities addressed, severe asthma is defined as asthma that requires treatment with high dose inhaled corticosteroids plus a second controller and/or systemic corticosteroids to prevent it from becoming “uncontrolled” or that remains “uncontrolled” despite this therapy. Severe asthma is a heterogeneous condition consisting of phenotypes such as eosinophilic asthma. Specific recommendations on the use of sputum eosinophil count and exhaled nitric oxide to guide therapy, as well as treatment with anti-IgE antibody, methotrexate, macrolide antibiotics, antifungal agents and bronchial thermoplasty are provided. Coordinated research efforts for improved phenotyping will provide safe and effective biomarker-driven approaches to severe asthma therapy.
2,795 citations
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Rutgers University1, New York University2, University of Oxford3, Harvard University4, Bangor University5, University of Copenhagen6, National Institutes of Health7, Oregon Health & Science University8, Yale University9, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research10, Medical College of Wisconsin11, University of Oulu12, Radboud University Nijmegen13, National Yang-Ming University14, Cleveland Clinic15, Duke University16, Max Planck Society17, Emory University18, University of Queensland19, University of Michigan20, Kennedy Krieger Institute21, Washington University in St. Louis22, Technische Universität München23, Leiden University24, University of Texas at Dallas25, Charité26, University of Pittsburgh27, Southeast University28, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg29, Massachusetts Institute of Technology30, University of Western Ontario31, Medical University of Vienna32, Beijing Normal University33
TL;DR: The 1000 Functional Connectomes Project (Fcon_1000) as discussed by the authors is a large-scale collection of functional connectome data from 1,414 volunteers collected independently at 35 international centers.
Abstract: Although it is being successfully implemented for exploration of the genome, discovery science has eluded the functional neuroimaging community. The core challenge remains the development of common paradigms for interrogating the myriad functional systems in the brain without the constraints of a priori hypotheses. Resting-state functional MRI (R-fMRI) constitutes a candidate approach capable of addressing this challenge. Imaging the brain during rest reveals large-amplitude spontaneous low-frequency (<0.1 Hz) fluctuations in the fMRI signal that are temporally correlated across functionally related areas. Referred to as functional connectivity, these correlations yield detailed maps of complex neural systems, collectively constituting an individual's "functional connectome." Reproducibility across datasets and individuals suggests the functional connectome has a common architecture, yet each individual's functional connectome exhibits unique features, with stable, meaningful interindividual differences in connectivity patterns and strengths. Comprehensive mapping of the functional connectome, and its subsequent exploitation to discern genetic influences and brain-behavior relationships, will require multicenter collaborative datasets. Here we initiate this endeavor by gathering R-fMRI data from 1,414 volunteers collected independently at 35 international centers. We demonstrate a universal architecture of positive and negative functional connections, as well as consistent loci of inter-individual variability. Age and sex emerged as significant determinants. These results demonstrate that independent R-fMRI datasets can be aggregated and shared. High-throughput R-fMRI can provide quantitative phenotypes for molecular genetic studies and biomarkers of developmental and pathological processes in the brain. To initiate discovery science of brain function, the 1000 Functional Connectomes Project dataset is freely accessible at www.nitrc.org/projects/fcon_1000/.
2,787 citations
Authors
Showing all 87737 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
JoAnn E. Manson | 270 | 1819 | 258509 |
Graham A. Colditz | 261 | 1542 | 256034 |
Yi Chen | 217 | 4342 | 293080 |
David J. Hunter | 213 | 1836 | 207050 |
David Miller | 203 | 2573 | 204840 |
Rakesh K. Jain | 200 | 1467 | 177727 |
Lewis C. Cantley | 196 | 748 | 169037 |
Dennis W. Dickson | 191 | 1243 | 148488 |
Terrie E. Moffitt | 182 | 594 | 150609 |
Dennis S. Charney | 179 | 802 | 122408 |
Ronald C. Petersen | 178 | 1091 | 153067 |
David L. Kaplan | 177 | 1944 | 146082 |
Jasvinder A. Singh | 176 | 2382 | 223370 |
Richard K. Wilson | 173 | 463 | 260000 |
Deborah J. Cook | 173 | 907 | 148928 |