Showing papers by "University of Rajasthan published in 2001"
TL;DR: The results indicate that all the milk samples were contaminated with dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT and its metabolites) and isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH; alpha, beta, and gamma), heptachlor and its epoxide, and aldrin.
115 citations
108 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that the petroleum ether extract of the leaves of M. arvensis possess reversible antifertility property without adverse toxicity in male mice.
81 citations
TL;DR: Reduced sperm count and motility resulted in 100% negative fertility at 200 mg/kg dose level and a significant fall in the total protein and sialic acid content and acid phosphatase enzyme activity of the testes, epididymides, seminal vesicle and ventral prostate, as well as in the glycogen content of testes was observed at both dose levels in comparison with controls.
70 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the Bianchi type IX string cosmological models in general relativity were investigated and a determinate solution was obtained by assuming a condition that the rest energy density for a cloud of strings is equal to the string tension density.
Abstract: We have investigated Bianchi type IX string cosmological models in general relativity To get a determinate solution, we have assumed a condition ρ=λ ie rest energy density for a cloud of strings is equal to the string tension density The various physical and geometrical aspects of the models are also discussed
60 citations
TL;DR: The ribofuranosides, namely, 4-amino-5,7-disubstituted pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2(1H)-thiones, have been synthesized by the condensation of trimethylsilyl derivatives of 5, 7-dissubstitized pyridines with β-d-ribofuranose-1-acetate-2, 3,5-tribenzoate in the presence of SnCl4.
Abstract: The ribofuranosides, namely, 4-amino-5,7-disubstituted-1-[2′,3′,5′-tri-O-benzoyl-α-d-ribofuranosyl]pyrido-[2,3-d] pyrimidine-2(1H)-thiones, have been synthesized by the condensation of trimethylsilyl derivatives of 5,7-disubstituted pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2(1H)-thiones with β-d-ribofuranose-1-acetate-2,3,5-tribenzoate in the presence of SnCl4. The heterocyclic bases, namely, 4-amino-5,7-disubstituted pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2(1H)-thiones, were synthesized by the treatment of 2-amino-3-cyano-4,6-disubstituted pyridines with thiourea. The structures of all the synthesized ribofuranosides and their precursors have been established by elemental analysis, IR, and 1H NMR spectral data. The 13C NMR data of ribofuranosides has also been presented. All the synthesized heterocyclic bases and their ribofuranosides have been screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 12:52–56, 2001
58 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a mechanism via Ni(0) intermediates that insert into the carbon-halogen bond was inferred to give o-acylamido-benzenephosphonic acid esters.
57 citations
TL;DR: In this article, structural relaxation of isothermally and isochronally heat-treated Se 96 In 4 chalcogenide glass in the glass transition region has been studied using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC).
Abstract: Structural relaxation of isothermally and isochronally heat-treated Se 96 In 4 chalcogenide glass in the glass transition region has been studied using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The recovery of excess enthalpy Δ H excess has been calculated from the knowledge of excess apparent specific heat Δ C p ,a ( T ) and plotted as a function of annealing time t a . Δ H excess has been found to vary with t a ; this variation follows a power-law behaviour and an expression of the form Δ H excess =Δ H o [ t a ] y has been proposed to describe such variation . Following the Kissinger formalism the activation energy of structural relaxation E t , both for annealed and un-annealed samples, has been obtained. The so obtained values of structural relaxation activation energies are indicative of the fact that some kind of bond interchange has taken place which in turn accounts for the relaxation process in Se 96 In 4 glass. From the knowledge of Δ H excess ( T a , t a ) and the corresponding activation energy, the activation energy spectra have also been drawn and discussed.
51 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: All the antioxidant vitamins and fruits significantly decrease lipid peroxide levels and oxidant load in CHD patients, however, fruits are the best choice as they also favourably modify the lipid profile.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy of various antioxidant vitamins and a major dietary source of antioxidants (fruits) we performed a randomized controlled trial. METHODS 175 successive patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) presenting to our centre were recruited and using a Latin-square design divided into five groups of 35 each. The groups were matched for age, lifestyle and dietary variables, clinical diagnosis and drug treatment status. None of the patients was on lipid-lowering drugs. Supplemental vitamins were stopped for one month before study began and American Heart Association Step II dietary advice was given to all. At baseline, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL cholesterol and lipid peroxide measured as thiobarbaturic acid reactive substances (TBARS) were determined. Group I received placebo capsules; Group II vitamin E 400 units/day; Group III vitamin C 1,000 mg; Group IV vitamin A 25,000 IU; Group V received 400 gm of fruit daily. Lipids and lipid peroxide levels were determined at 30 days follow-up. RESULTS Response rate in various groups varied form 86% to 91%. No significant changes in total, HDL, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels were seen in Groups I, II, III and IV (paired t-test p > 0.05). In Group V there was a significant decrease in total cholesterol (-7.8 +/- 11.1%), and LDL cholesterol (-11.2 +/- 25.4%) and increase in HDL cholesterol (+12.9 +/- 20.1%) (paired t-test p < 0.01). Lipid peroxide levels decreased significantly in all the treatment groups (p < 0.01). This decrease was the highest in Group II (vitamin E; -36.4 +/- 17.7%) as compared to Group III (vitamin C -19.8 -/+ 10.8%); Group IV (vitamin A -5.4 +/- 17%) and Group V (fruits -13.1 +/- 12.0%). CONCLUSIONS All the antioxidant vitamins and fruits significantly decrease lipid peroxide levels and oxidant load in CHD patients. However, fruits are the best choice as they also favourably modify the lipid profile.
37 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the reactions of dimethyltin dichloride with nitrogen and sulfur donor ligands derived by condensation of S-benzyldithiocarbazate with indol-3-carboxylaldehyde, thiophene-2-aldehyde and furfuraldehyde have been investigated in 1:1 and 1:2 molar ratios in anhydrous alcohol.
Abstract: The reactions of dimethyltin dichloride with nitrogen and sulfur donor ligands derived by condensation of S-benzyldithiocarbazate with indol-3-carboxylaldehyde, thiophene-2-aldehyde and furfuraldehyde have been investigated in 1:1 and 1:2 molar ratios in anhydrous alcohol. These ligands act as mononegatively charged bidentate species and coordinate to the central tin(IV) atom through the thiosulfur by proton exchange with the azomethine nitrogen. The newly synthesized complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, conductance measurements and molecular weight determinations. The mode of bonding and the geometry of the complexes have been suggested on the basis of infrared, electronic and 1H, 13C and 119Sn NMR spectroscopy, and probable structures have been assigned to these complexes. A few representative ligands and their tin(IV) complexes have also been screened for their antifungal and antibacterial activities and found to be quite active in this respect. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
36 citations
TL;DR: The hexane extract of Heliotropium marifolium yielded a mixture of triterpenoids that were quantified and assessment of their growth inhibitory potency found that epifriedenyl acetate was the most active.
Abstract: The hexane extract of Heliotropium marifolium yielded a mixture of triterpenoids: beta-sitosterol, stigmasterol, beta-amyrin, friedelan-3beta-ol (epifriedelenol), cycloartenone, beta-amyrin acetate, friedelin and epifriedenyl acetate. Isolated triterpenoid and reference antibiotics (gentamycin/mycostatin) were tested against selected pathogenic bacteria and fungi, e.g. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum. The inhibition zone (IZ) and the activity index (AI) of isolated compounds were recorded and it was found that epifriedenyl acetate (IZ = 17; AI = 1.06) was the most active. The present study deals with the quantification and assessment of their growth inhibitory potency. It has been reported that cycloartenone was the major triterpenoid in both in vivo (0.54%) and in vitro (0.11%) cell cultures.
TL;DR: Seven sterols and triterpenoids have been isolated from H. ellipticum and tested for their antimicrobial activity and six of them have shown anti-microbial activity.
TL;DR: In this article, the glass transition temperature, T g, is found to increase with an average coordination number and heating rates, and the demand for thermal stability has been ensured through the temperature difference T c −T g and the enthalpy released during the crystallization process.
Abstract: Results of phase transformations, enthalpy released and specific heat of Ge22Se78–xBix(x=0, 4 and 8) chalcogenide glasses, using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), under non-isothermal condition have been reported and discussed. The glass transition temperature, T g, is found to increase with an average coordination number and heating rates. Following Gibbs—Dimarzio equation, the calculated values of T g (i.e. 462.7, 469.7 and 484.4 K) and the experimental values (i.e. 463.1, 467.3 and 484.5 K) increase with Bi concentration. Both values of T g, at a heating rate of 5 K min–1, are found to be in good agreement. The glass transition activation energy increases i.e. 102±2, 109±3 and 115±8 kJ mol–1 with Bi concentration. The demand for thermal stability has been ensured through the temperature difference T c–T g and the enthalpy released during the crystallization process. Below T g, specific heat has been observed to be temperature independent but highly compositional dependent. The growth k...
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Mentha extract given orally for three consecutive days prior to whole body irradiation showed modulation of activity of serum phosphatases in albino mice, showing significant decline in acid phosphatase activity as compared to untreated irradiated animals at all autopsy intervals and attained normalcy at day 5.
Abstract: Mentha extract (ME; I g/kg body wt) given orally for three consecutive days prior to whole body irradiation (8 Gy) showed modulation of activity of serum phosphatases in albino mice. Values of acid phosphatase activities were signifi cantly hi gher in untreated irradiated group throughout the experiment. Irradiated animals pretreated with ME showed sig nificant decline in acid phosphatase activity as compared to untreated irradiated animals at all autopsy intervals and attained normalcy at day 5. A marked decrease in serum alkaline phosphatase activity was recorded in both irradiated groups. How ever, in ME pretreated irradiated group, values of alkaline phosphatase activity remained significantly higher than untreated irradiated animals at all interv als and attained normalcy from day 5 onwards.
TL;DR: In this article, localized fluctuations in the multiplicity of charged particles and photons produced in central 158A GeV/c Pb+Pb collisions are studied, showing that no correlated charge-neutral fluctuations are observed, contrary to expectations for the production of disoriented chiral condensate.
Abstract: Localized fluctuations in the multiplicity of charged particles and photons produced in central 158A GeV/c Pb+Pb collisions are studied. The charged versus neutral correlations in common {eta}-{phi} phase space regions of varying azimuthal size are analyzed by two different methods. The analysis provides a model-independent demonstration of nonstatistical fluctuations in both charged particle and photon multiplicities in limited azimuthal regions. However, no correlated charge-neutral fluctuations are observed, contrary to expectations for the production of a disoriented chiral condensate. The result is not explained by the widely used VENUS model.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: RISUG, a non-sclerotic polymer styrene maleic anhydride (SMA), could be more advantageous than vasectomy and other vas occlusive procedures in that it could be a totally non-invasive procedure by "no-scalpel injection and "non- invasive reversal".
Abstract: The vas deferens is a site which can be exploited for male contraception without undue side effects. The only effective technique available for male contraception is vasectomy, being practiced world wide, despite that it is a permanent surgical procedure and its successful reversal is not assured. Although no-scalpel vasectomy minimizes surgical procedures, the fate of its reversal is akin to that of vasectomy. Several occlusive and non-occlusive vasal procedures which claim to be reversible without surgical intervention, possess more disadvantages than advantages. Vas occlusion with plug, 'Shug' or medical grade silicone rubber, although claimed to produce reversible azoospermia without affecting spermatogenesis, requires skilled microsurgery for their implantation and later removal. RISUG, a non-sclerotic polymer styrene maleic anhydride (SMA), could be more advantageous than vasectomy and other vas occlusive procedures in that it could be a totally non-invasive procedure by "no-scalpel injection" and "non-invasive reversal". It is claimed to offer long-term contraception without adverse side effects and also to be possible as a male spacing method by repeated vas occlusion and non-invasive reversal. The drug is currently under multicentre Phase III clinical trial.
TL;DR: A series of trifluoromethyl substituted spiro [3H-indole-3,3′-[3H 1,2,4]triazoles]-2(1H)-ones have been synthesized in 85-90% yield by one pot environmentally benign microwave induced techniques involving the condensation of 3-arylimino-2Hindol-2-ones (III) with thiosemicarbazide (IV) using montmorillonite as solid support as mentioned in this paper.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the crystallization kinetics of Cu-Ti glass at three different compositions by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) traces and analyzed in terms of activation energy, stability and dimensionality of growth by four different models.
Abstract: The crystallization kinetics of Cu–Ti glass at three different compositions has been studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The DSC traces have been analyzed in terms of activation energy, stability and dimensionality of growth by four different models viz. the Kissinger equation, the Ozawa equation, the Matusita equation and the Gao and Wang equation. The activation energy increases with Cu content and the highest crystallization temperature occurs for the composition Cu50Ti50 indicating locally increased chemical short-range order at this particular composition. The average value of the Avrami exponent comes out to be 4 which shows that the crystallization process takes place via three-dimensional parabolic growth with bulk crystallization.
TL;DR: In this article, 2-tert-butyl-2-methyl-1,3-benzazaphosphole)pentacarbonyltungsten (6) is attributed to side-reaction where tBuLi adds to the P=C bond in 4.
Abstract: 2-tert-Butyl-1H-1,3-benzazaphosphole (1a) reacts with tBuLi without addition to the P=C bond to form a lithium benzazaphospholide that affords the η1-(benzazaphospholide-P)tungsten(II) complex 2 upon reaction with [CpW(CO)3Cl]. It is sensitive to alcoholysis and to air oxidation yielding 1a and the P-oxo-benzazaphospholide complex 3, respectively. The (1,3-benzazaphosphole)pentacarbonyltungsten complex 4, obtained from 1b and [W(CO)5(THF)], reacts preferentially with tBuLi by lithiation of the NH function and is attacked by [CpW(CO)3Cl] at phosphorus to give the mixed valence bimetallic tungsten(II)-tungsten(0) benzazaphospholide complex 5. A side product, (3-tert-butyl-2-methyl-1,3-benzazaphosphole)pentacarbonyltungsten (6), is attributed to side-reaction where tBuLi adds to the P=C bond in 4. The composition of the products was determined from X-ray structure analysis of 3 and spectroscopic data.
TL;DR: Regenerated plants with well-developed root and shoot systems were successfully transferred to field conditions after initial acclimation.
TL;DR: Magnetization and Mossbauer spectroscopic measurements are reported on five alloys in the series (Fe 1− x Co x ) 2 P (corresponding to x = 0.03, 0.10,0.30, 0,50 and 0.70) as mentioned in this paper.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Scleractinian corals commonly occur at specific horizons and localities, in carbonate and in siliciclastic sediments, throughout the Jurassic (Bajocian to Oxfordian) of Kachchh as meatlows, biostromes, boulder beds and as scattered specimens as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Scleractinian corals commonly occur at specific horizons and localities, in carbonate and in siliciclastic sediments, throughout the Jurassic (Bajocian to Oxfordian) of Kachchh as meatlows, biostromes, boulder beds and as scattered specimens. In rnany cases they are part of the autochthonous benthic fauna and in others they suffered short intra-basinal transport. Cerioid forms of low diversity ( Amphiastraea Isastraea , etc.) abound in high-energy siliciclastic sediments. High diversity coral faunas, which include thamnasterioid ( Microsolena , Dimorpharaea and Kobya ) and solitary ( Trocharaea and Trochoplegma ) taxa with fenestrate septa and plocoid forms ( Stylina ), dominate in carbonate sediments deposited in low energy, deeper-water environments. The solitary Montlivaltia exhibits a great physiological tolerance of environmental stress. In all, eight coral assemblages have been recognized within the Early Bajocian to Late Callovian sediments of the Kachchh basin. The distribution of scleractinian coral assemblages has been governed mainly by the rate of sedimentation and particularly by the influx of coarse siliciclastic material. As a consequence the distribution pattern reflects onshore offshore gradients and the general deepening of the Kachchh basin towards the Oxfordian.
TL;DR: In this paper, an efficient one-pot synthesis of spiro [indole-dipyrrolopyrylopyridines] was achieved under microwave irradiation by the interaction with ammonium acetate (7) in the presence of acetic acid.
TL;DR: Among the samples, kair was found to be the richest source of β-carotene, and Variety had an impact on the content of this fat soluble vitamin.
Abstract: Some locally available fruits and vegetables of the arid zone of Rajasthan were analyzed for their beta-carotene content; the selected fruits and vegetables were: Dansra (Rhus myserensis), Kachri (Cucumis collosus), fruit Kachri (Cucumis collosus), Kair (Capparis decidua) and Sanghri (Prosopis cineriria). The beta-carotene contents of the samples were estimated in fresh and various processed states (blanched, dried and roasted). The results showed the heat lability of beta-carotene. Among the samples, kair was found to be the richest source of beta-carotene. Variety, too, had an impact on the content of this fat soluble vitamin.
TL;DR: The peralkaline, within-plate and A-type nature of Siwana granite is evident by its chemical characteristics as mentioned in this paper, which is correlated to the Pan-African event and its petrogenesis and tectonic significance.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors showed that the compounds are monomers and dimagnetic in nature, with a square-planar geometry around palladium and platinum metals, and their free ligands and their metal complexes were screened for antimicrobial activity on different species of pathogenic fungi and bacteria.
Abstract: Heterobimetallic complexes of the type [M(C6H6N2)2(M′)2(R)4]Cl2 have been synthesized by the direct reaction of [M(C6H8N2)2]Cl2 with Group 4 or 14 organometallic dichlorides Ph2M′Cl2,Me2M′Cl2 or Cp2M″Cl2 in 1:2 molar ratio in MeOH (M = Pd or Pt, M′ = Si or Sn and M″ = Ti or Zr). The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, molecular weight determination, electronic, 1H NMR and IR spectra, magnetic susceptibilities and conductivity measurements. These studies showed that the compounds are monomers and dimagnetic in nature, with a square-planar geometry around palladium and platinum metals. Both the free ligands and their metal complexes were screened for antimicrobial activity on different species of pathogenic fungi and bacteria and were found active in this respect.Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
TL;DR: The results of the seasonal analysis of the chemistry of rain, fog and surface water of central India for the two years: June 1996 to May 1998 are presented in this article, which documents the occurrence of acidic rain and fog events and their effect on surface water pH and aquatic life in central India.
Abstract: The results of the seasonal analysis of the chemistry of rain, fog and surface water of central India for the two years: June 1996 to May 1998 are presented. A total of 636 rain water samples, 146 fog water samples and 226 surface water samples of 8 locations: namely, Ambikapur, Baikunthpur, Korba, Bilaspur, Raipur, Bhilai, Dallirajhara and Kanker, from different sites were collected for the present study. This paper documents the occurrence of acidic rain and fog events and their effect on surface water pH and aquatic life in central India. Most of the rain and fog water samples collected from Baikunthpur and Korba sites were found to be acidic in nature (i.e. pH < 5). The volume weighted mean pH of rain and fog water samples of these sites was 4.8 and 4.4 with lowest pH 4.4 and 4.0, respectively. However, samples from Ambikapur, Bilaspur, Raipur and Bhilai were slightly acidic and their pH values were always around 5.8. One reservoir (mean pH 5.8) and two stop dams (mean pH 4.4 and 4.2) in Baikunthpur area were found to be acidic. The effect of acidification of water on metal-accumulation in muscles of fishes was studied. Concentrations of Al, Hg, Mn, Cd and Pb were higher in fish from acid, than from less acid waters. Causes of acidification of the atmospheric water and surface water are critically discussed.
TL;DR: The present results indicate that C. procera flower has a potent antispermatogenic activity in the albino mouse, but at the doses and experimental regimen employed, had no apparent effect on sexual behaviour or libido.
Abstract: Intramuscular administration of aqueous and ethanolic flower extracts of Calotropis procera (Ait.) R.Br. at doses of 10.0 or 5.0 mg/mouse/alternate day for a period of 20 days to sexually mature male albino mice induced functional sterility without loss of libido and sexual behaviour as evidenced by total inhibition of nidation in cycling parous female mice mated with the substance-treated males. The antifertility effect can be conjecturally attributed to the highly reduced sperm concentration and altered biochemistry of the genital organs. Glycogen, cholesterol and alkaline phosphatase content of the examined reproductive tissues exhibited a statistically significant increase in comparison to the control values, while sialic acid and acid phosphatase values were depleted. Also, the net weight of the testes and sex accessories were significantly reduced. Histologic profiles of the testes revealed extensive deleterious changes in the germinal tubules which contained mainly necrotic and degenerating germ ce...
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of hydrogen charging/discharging on the electrical resistance of obliquely deposited (θ=0°,30°,45°,60°,75°) LaNi _5 thin films of thickness 130±0.5 nm was investigated.
TL;DR: Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) is employed to study the crystallization kinetics of irradiated (at three different fluences with high-energy heavy ion; Ni11+ of 150 MeV) specimens of two Co-based metallic glasses as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) is employed to study the crystallization kinetics of irradiated (at three different fluences with high-energy heavy ion; Ni11+ of 150 MeV) specimens of two Co-based metallic glasses. It is found that the crystallization process in both the glasses is completed in two phases. The DSC data have been analysed in terms of kinetic parameters viz. activation energy (E
c), Avrami exponent (n), dimensionality of growth (m), bdusing two different theoretical models. The results obtained have been compared with that of virgin samples. The lower activation energy in case of second crystallization occurring at higher temperature indicates the easier nucleation of second phase. The abnormally high value of Avrami exponent in Co-Ni glass indicates very high nucleation rate during first crystallization.