Institution
University of Rennes
Education•Rennes, France•
About: University of Rennes is a education organization based out in Rennes, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Catalysis. The organization has 18404 authors who have published 40374 publications receiving 995327 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
TL;DR: In this article, the non-linear refractive indices of chalcogenide glasses for ultrafast optical switching have been measured using the Z-scan technique at different intensities with the picosecond pulses emitted by a 10 Hz Q-switched mode-locked Nd-YAG laser at 1064 nm.
Abstract: To explore the potentialities of chalcogenide glasses for ultrafast optical switching, the non-linear refractive indices of different compositions are measured. Several binary glasses in the [Ge–Se] system, As2S3 and As2Se3 glasses, as well as ternary glasses in the [Ge–Se–As] system have been characterized. Non-linear measurements have been performed by the Z-scan technique, at different intensities, with the picosecond pulses emitted by a 10 Hz Q-switched mode-locked Nd-YAG laser at 1064 nm, in adequate conditions to characterize ultrafast non-linearities. Non-linear refractive indices as high as 22×10 −18 m 2 / W have been obtained in the ternary system. In the case of As2S3 and As2Se3 glasses, a significant variation of the value of the non-linear index of refraction with the laser intensity has been observed which is attributed to a fifth order non-linearity.
224 citations
••
University of Southern Denmark1, Harvard University2, Stockholm University3, University of Rennes4, University of Bristol5, University of California, Berkeley6, European Environment Agency7, National Institutes of Health8, University of Southampton9, United States Public Health Service10, University of California, Davis11, University of Michigan12, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai13, University of South Australia14, Akita University15, University of California, Los Angeles16, Lund University17, University of the Faroe Islands18
TL;DR: The conference goal was to highlight new insights into the effects of prenatal and early postnatal exposure to chemical agents, and their sustained effects on the individual throughout the lifespan.
Abstract: The periods of embryonic, foetal and infant developmentare remarkably susceptible to environmental hazards. Toxicexposures to chemical pollutants during these windows ofincreased susceptibility can cause disease and disability ininfants, children and across the entire span of human life.Among the effects of toxic exposures recognized in the pasthave been spontaneous abortion, congenital malformations,lowered birthweight and other adverse effects. These outcomesmay be readily apparent. However, even subtle changes causedby chemical exposures during early development may leadto important functional deficits and increased risks ofdisease later in life. The timing of exposure during early lifehas therefore become a crucial factor to be considered intoxicological assessments.During 20–24 May 2007, researchers in the fields of environmentalhealth, environmental chemistry, developmentalbiology, toxicology, epidemiology, nutrition and paediatricsgathered at the International Conference on Fetal Programmingand Developmental Toxicity, in Torshavn, FaroeIslands. The conference goal was to highlight new insightsinto the effects of prenatal and early postnatal exposure tochemical agents, and their sustained effects on the individualthroughout the lifespan. The conference brought togetherresearchers to focus on human data and the translationof laboratory results to elucidate the environmental risks tohuman health.
224 citations
••
TL;DR: The description and the implementation of a formal framework for the on-line decentralised diagnosis of large discrete event systems, framework which is based on the ''divide and conquer'' principle and does not require the global model computation is described.
224 citations
••
01 Jan 1982TL;DR: In this article, the agreement of the Département de mathématiques et informatique, université de Rennes, 1980, tous droits réservés.
Abstract: © Département de mathématiques et informatique, université de Rennes, 1980, tous droits réservés. L’accès aux archives de la série « Publications mathématiques et informatiques de Rennes » implique l’accord avec les conditions générales d’utilisation (http://www.numdam.org/conditions). Toute utilisation commerciale ou impression systématique est constitutive d’une infraction pénale. Toute copie ou impression de ce fichier doit contenir la présente mention de copyright.
224 citations
••
University of Montpellier1, Kent State University2, University of Minnesota3, Institut national de la recherche agronomique4, Oak Ridge National Laboratory5, University of Rennes6, Agricultural Research Service7, VU University Amsterdam8, Hangzhou Normal University9, Chinese Academy of Sciences10, Landcare Research11, Université du Québec à Montréal12, Kyoto University13, University of Sydney14, University of Córdoba (Spain)15, Norwegian University of Science and Technology16, Leiden University17, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences18
TL;DR: This study reveals both the large variation in fine-root traits encountered globally and the relevance of several key plant functional types and soil and climate variables for explaining a substantial part of this variation.
Abstract: 1.Ecosystem functioning relies heavily on belowground processes, which are largely regulated by plant fine-roots and their functional traits. However, our knowledge of fine-root trait distribution relies to date on local- and regional-scale studies with limited numbers of species, growth forms and environmental variation. 2.We compiled a worldwide fine-root trait dataset, featuring 1115 species from contrasting climatic areas, phylogeny and growth forms to test a series of hypotheses pertaining to the influence of plant functional types, soil and climate variables, and the degree of manipulation of plant growing conditions on species fine-root trait variation. Most particularly, we tested the competing hypotheses that fine-root traits typical of faster return on investment would be most strongly associated with conditions of limiting versus favourable soil resource availability. We accounted for both data source and species phylogenetic relatedness. 3.We demonstrate that (1) Climate conditions promoting soil fertility relate negatively to fine-root traits favouring fast soil resource acquisition, with a particularly strong positive effect of temperature on fine-root diameter and negative effect on specific root length (SRL), and a negative effect of rainfall on root nitrogen concentration; (2) Soil bulk density strongly influences species fine-root morphology, by favouring thicker, denser fine-roots; (3) Fine-roots from herbaceous species are on average finer and have higher SRL than those of woody species, and N2-fixing capacity positively relates to root nitrogen; (4) Plants growing in pots have higher SRL than those grown in the field. 4.Synthesis. This study reveals both the large variation in fine-root traits encountered globally and the relevance of several key plant functional types and soil and climate variables for explaining a substantial part of this variation. Climate, particularly temperature, and plant functional types were the two strongest predictors of fine-root trait variation. High trait variation occurred at local scales, suggesting that wide-ranging belowground resource economics strategies are viable within most climatic areas and soil conditions.
224 citations
Authors
Showing all 18470 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Philippe Froguel | 166 | 820 | 118816 |
Bart Staels | 152 | 824 | 86638 |
Yi Yang | 143 | 2456 | 92268 |
Geoffrey Burnstock | 141 | 1488 | 99525 |
Shahrokh F. Shariat | 118 | 1637 | 58900 |
Lutz Ackermann | 116 | 669 | 45066 |
Douglas R. MacFarlane | 110 | 864 | 54236 |
Elliott H. Lieb | 107 | 512 | 57920 |
Fu-Yuan Wu | 107 | 367 | 42039 |
Didier Sornette | 104 | 1295 | 44157 |
Stefan Hild | 103 | 452 | 68228 |
Pierre I. Karakiewicz | 101 | 1207 | 40072 |
Philippe Dubois | 101 | 1098 | 48086 |
François Bondu | 100 | 440 | 69284 |
Jean-Michel Savéant | 98 | 517 | 33518 |