Institution
University of Rennes
Education•Rennes, France•
About: University of Rennes is a education organization based out in Rennes, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Crystal structure. The organization has 18404 authors who have published 40374 publications receiving 995327 citations.
Topics: Population, Crystal structure, Ruthenium, Catalysis, Antenna (radio)
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed five arthropod taxa covering a broad range of functional aspects (wild bees, true bugs, carabid beetles, hoverflies and spiders) in 24 landscapes (4 x 4 km) across seven European countries along gradients of both land-use intensity and landscape structure.
Abstract: 1. In landscapes influenced by anthropogenic activities, such as intensive agriculture, knowledge of the relative importance and interaction of environmental factors on the composition and function of local communities across a range of spatial scales is important for maintaining biodiversity. 2. We analysed five arthropod taxa covering a broad range of functional aspects (wild bees, true bugs, carabid beetles, hoverflies and spiders) in 24 landscapes (4 x 4 km) across seven European countries along gradients of both land-use intensity and landscape structure. Species-environment relationships were examined in a hierarchical design of four main sets of environmental factors (country, land-use intensity, landscape structure, local habitat properties) that covered three spatial scales (region, landscape, local) by means of hierarchical variability partitioning using partial canonical correspondence analyses. 3. Local community composition and the distribution of body size classes and trophic guilds were most affected by regional processes, which highly confounded landscape and local factors. After correcting for regional effects, factors at the landscape scale dominated over local habitat factors. Land-use intensity explained most of the variability in species data, whereas landscape characteristics (especially connectivity) accounted for most of the variability in body size and trophic guilds. 4. Synthesis and applications. Our results suggest that management effort should be focused on land-use intensity and habitat connectivity in order to enhance diversity in agricultural landscapes. Since these factors are largely independent, specific conservation programmes may be developed with regards to socio-economic and agri-environmental requirements. Changes in either of these factors will enhance diversity but will also result in specific effects on local communities related to dispersal ability and the resource use of species.
301 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, controlled incubations of a wetland soil were performed under oxic and anoxic conditions to investigate the extent to which the following processes account for this phenomenon: i) production of organic metabolites by microbes during soil reduction, ii) release of organic matter (OM) from Mn- and Fe-oxyhydroxides that undergo reductive dissolution, and iii) desorption of OM from soil minerals due to pH changes.
300 citations
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TL;DR: Investigation of the role of RIPK1, RIPK3 and PARP-1 in TRAIL-induced necroptosis in vitro and in concanavalin A-induced murine hepatitis suggests that pharmacological inhibitors ofRIPKs and PARp-1 could be new treatment options for immune-mediated hepatitis.
Abstract: Although TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis inducing ligand) is a well-known apoptosis inducer, we have previously demonstrated that acidic extracellular pH (pHe) switches TRAIL-induced apoptosis to regulated necrosis (or necroptosis) in human HT29 colon and HepG2 liver cancer cells. Here, we investigated the role of RIPK1 (receptor interacting protein kinase 1), RIPK3 and PARP-1 (poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1) in TRAIL-induced necroptosis in vitro and in concanavalin A (Con A)-induced murine hepatitis. Pretreatment of HT29 or HepG2 with pharmacological inhibitors of RIPK1 or PARP-1 (Nec-1 or PJ-34, respectively), or transient transfection with siRNAs against RIPK1 or RIPK3, inhibited both TRAIL-induced necroptosis and PARP-1-dependent intracellular ATP depletion demonstrating that RIPK1 and RIPK3 were involved upstream of PARP-1 activation and ATP depletion. In the mouse model of Con A-induced hepatitis, where death of mouse hepatocytes is dependent on TRAIL and NKT (Natural Killer T) cells, PARP-1 activity was positively correlated with liver injury and hepatitis was prevented both by Nec-1 or PJ-34. These data provide new insights into TRAIL-induced necroptosis with PARP-1 being active effector downstream of RIPK1/RIPK3 initiators and suggest that pharmacological inhibitors of RIPKs and PARP-1 could be new treatment options for immune-mediated hepatitis.
300 citations
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Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University1, University of Évry Val d'Essonne2, French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission3, Centre national de la recherche scientifique4, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research5, University of Ostrava6, Queen's University Belfast7, University of Rennes8, Pompeu Fabra University9, University of Oslo10, Scottish Association for Marine Science11, American University in Cairo12, University of Marburg13, University of Freiburg14
TL;DR: An evolutionary scenario involving an ancestral red alga that was driven by early ecological forces to lose genes, introns, and intergenetic DNA is proposed; this loss was followed by an expansion of genome size as a consequence of activity of transposable elements.
Abstract: Red seaweeds are key components of coastal ecosystems and are economically important as food and as a source of gelling agents, but their genes and genomes have received little attention. Here we report the sequencing of the 105-Mbp genome of the florideophyte Chondrus crispus (Irish moss) and the annotation of the 9,606 genes. The genome features an unusual structure characterized by gene-dense regions surrounded by repeat-rich regions dominated by transposable elements. Despite its fairly large size, this genome shows features typical of compact genomes, e.g., on average only 0.3 introns per gene, short introns, low median distance between genes, small gene families, and no indication of large-scale genome duplication. The genome also gives insights into the metabolism of marine red algae and adaptations to the marine environment, including genes related to halogen metabolism, oxylipins, and multicellularity (microRNA processing and transcription factors). Particularly interesting are features related to carbohydrate metabolism, which include a minimalistic gene set for starch biosynthesis, the presence of cellulose synthases acquired before the primary endosymbiosis showing the polyphyly of cellulose synthesis in Archaeplastida, and cellulases absent in terrestrial plants as well as the occurrence of a mannosylglycerate synthase potentially originating from a marine bacterium. To explain the observations on genome structure and gene content, we propose an evolutionary scenario involving an ancestral red alga that was driven by early ecological forces to lose genes, introns, and intergenetic DNA; this loss was followed by an expansion of genome size as a consequence of activity of transposable elements.
299 citations
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TL;DR: Evidence is provided that PD‐L1 is frequently expressed on metastatic cells circulating in the blood of hormone receptor‐positive, HER2‐negative breast cancer patients and the established CTC/PD‐L 1 assay can be used for liquid biopsy in future clinical trials for stratification and monitoring of cancer patients undergoing immune checkpoint blockade.
299 citations
Authors
Showing all 18470 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Philippe Froguel | 166 | 820 | 118816 |
Bart Staels | 152 | 824 | 86638 |
Yi Yang | 143 | 2456 | 92268 |
Geoffrey Burnstock | 141 | 1488 | 99525 |
Shahrokh F. Shariat | 118 | 1637 | 58900 |
Lutz Ackermann | 116 | 669 | 45066 |
Douglas R. MacFarlane | 110 | 864 | 54236 |
Elliott H. Lieb | 107 | 512 | 57920 |
Fu-Yuan Wu | 107 | 367 | 42039 |
Didier Sornette | 104 | 1295 | 44157 |
Stefan Hild | 103 | 452 | 68228 |
Pierre I. Karakiewicz | 101 | 1207 | 40072 |
Philippe Dubois | 101 | 1098 | 48086 |
François Bondu | 100 | 440 | 69284 |
Jean-Michel Savéant | 98 | 517 | 33518 |