Institution
University of Rhode Island
Education•Kingston, Rhode Island, United States•
About: University of Rhode Island is a education organization based out in Kingston, Rhode Island, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Bay. The organization has 11464 authors who have published 22770 publications receiving 841066 citations. The organization is also known as: URI & Rhode Island College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts.
Topics: Population, Bay, Poison control, Transtheoretical model, Behavior change
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Integrated measurements of redox-sensitive ratios of oxidized iron to total iron (Fe3+/ΣFe) determined with Fe K-edge micro–x-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy and pre-eruptive magmatic H2O contents of a global sampling of primitive undegassed basaltic glasses and melt inclusions indicate a direct link between mass transfer from the subducted plate and oxidation of the mantle wedge.
Abstract: Mantle oxygen fugacity exerts a primary control on mass exchange between Earth’s surface and interior at subduction zones, but the major factors controlling mantle oxygen fugacity (such as volatiles and phase assemblages) and how tectonic cycles drive its secular evolution are still debated. We present integrated measurements of redox-sensitive ratios of oxidized iron to total iron (Fe 3+ /ΣFe), determined with Fe K-edge micro–x-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy, and pre-eruptive magmatic H 2 O contents of a global sampling of primitive undegassed basaltic glasses and melt inclusions covering a range of plate tectonic settings. Magmatic Fe 3+ /ΣFe ratios increase toward subduction zones (at ridges, 0.13 to 0.17; at back arcs, 0.15 to 0.19; and at arcs, 0.18 to 0.32) and correlate linearly with H 2 O content and element tracers of slab-derived fluids. These observations indicate a direct link between mass transfer from the subducted plate and oxidation of the mantle wedge.
658 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed that high life satisfaction is related to good adaptation and optimal mental health among youth and that positive affect mitigate the negative effects of stressful life events and work against the development of psychological and behavioral problems among youth.
Abstract: Comprehensive perspectives on well-being that include positive aspects of human life such as subjective wellbeing have recently been proposed. Life satisfaction is the cognitive component of subjective well-being and plays an important role in positive development as an indicator, a predictor, a mediator/moderator, and an out-come. Whereas low life satisfaction is associated with psychological, social, and behavior problems, high life satisfaction is related to good adaptation and optimal mental health among youth. Life satisfaction and positive affect mitigate the negative effects of stressful life events and work against the development of psychological and behavioral problems among youth. Supportive parenting, engagement in challenging activities, positive life events, and high-quality interactions with significant others contribute to the development of life satisfaction. Further longitudinal research into the mechanisms of how life satisfaction plays its role in positive youth development is needed t...
657 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors defined the parameters required to evaluate nebulisation efficiency and listed factors influencing nebulization efficiency, including the droplet size and the quantity of drug nebulised.
Abstract: In recent years, the use of nebulisers to generate aerosols has been greatly extended because of their numerous advantages. Two types of nebulisers are commonly used, each based on a different principle : - jet nebulisers, based on the Venturi effect to fragment liquid preparations into small droplets. - ultrasonic nebulisers, using the vibrations of a quartz to produce aerosol. The use of nebulisers lacks standardisation, which may account for certain inefficiency. First of all, we defined the parameters required to evaluate nebulisation efficiency. Although droplet size is a commonly used parameter, it is not sufficient to forecast efficiency. It must be associated with the quantity of drug nebulised and nebulisation time. Secondly, we listed factors influencing nebulisation efficiency.
654 citations
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TL;DR: Results from cluster and principal component analyses, which include previously reported data from the West and East Pacific Margins, suggest that, for these locations in the Pacific Ocean, prokaryotic communities from methane hydrate-bearing sediment cores are distinct from those in Hydrate-free cores.
Abstract: The deep subseafloor biosphere is among the least-understood habitats on Earth, even though the huge microbial biomass therein plays an important role for potential long-term controls on global biogeochemical cycles. We report here the vertical and geographical distribution of microbes and their phylogenetic diversities in deeply buried marine sediments of the Pacific Ocean Margins. During the Ocean Drilling Program Legs 201 and 204, we obtained sediment cores from the Peru and Cascadia Margins that varied with respect to the presence of dissolved methane and methane hydrate. To examine differences in prokaryotic distribution patterns in sediments with or without methane hydrates, we studied >2,800 clones possessing partial sequences (400–500 bp) of the 16S rRNA gene and 348 representative clone sequences (≈1 kbp) from the two geographically separated subseafloor environments. Archaea of the uncultivated Deep-Sea Archaeal Group were consistently the dominant phylotype in sediments associated with methane hydrate. Sediment cores lacking methane hydrates displayed few or no Deep-Sea Archaeal Group phylotypes. Bacterial communities in the methane hydrate-bearing sediments were dominated by members of the JS1 group, Planctomycetes, and Chloroflexi. Results from cluster and principal component analyses, which include previously reported data from the West and East Pacific Margins, suggest that, for these locations in the Pacific Ocean, prokaryotic communities from methane hydrate-bearing sediment cores are distinct from those in hydrate-free cores. The recognition of which microbial groups prevail under distinctive subseafloor environments is a significant step toward determining the role these communities play in Earth’s essential biogeochemical processes.
654 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that inter-tidal dredging and scallop dredging have the greatest initial effects on benthic biota, while trawling has less effect, and fauna in stable gravel, mud and biogenic habitats are more adversely affected than those in less consolidated coarse sediments.
Abstract: 1. The effects of towed bottom-fishing gear on benthic communities is the subject of heated debate, but the generality of trawl effects with respect to gear and habitat types is poorly understood. To address this deficiency we undertook a meta-analysis of 39 published fishing impact studies. 2. Our analysis shows that inter-tidal dredging and scallop dredging have the greatest initial effects on benthic biota, while trawling has less effect. Fauna in stable gravel, mud and biogenic habitats are more adversely affected than those in less consolidated coarse sediments. 3. Recovery rate appears most rapid in these less physically stable habitats, which are generally inhabited by more opportunistic species. However, defined areas that are fished in excess of three times per year (as occurs in parts of the North Sea and Georges Bank) are likely to be maintained in a permanently altered state. 4. We conclude that intuition about how fishing ought to affect benthic communities is generally supported, but that there are substantial gaps in the available data, which urgently need to be filled. In particular, data on impacts and recovery of epifaunal structure-forming benthic communities are badly needed.
653 citations
Authors
Showing all 11569 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
James M. Tiedje | 150 | 688 | 102287 |
Roberto Kolter | 120 | 315 | 52942 |
Robert S. Stern | 120 | 761 | 62834 |
Michael S. Feld | 119 | 552 | 51968 |
William C. Sessa | 117 | 383 | 52208 |
Kenneth H. Mayer | 115 | 1351 | 64698 |
Staffan Kjelleberg | 114 | 425 | 44414 |
Kevin C. Jones | 114 | 744 | 50207 |
David R. Nelson | 110 | 615 | 66627 |
Peter K. Smith | 107 | 855 | 49174 |
Peter M. Groffman | 106 | 457 | 40165 |
Ming Li | 103 | 1669 | 62672 |
Victor Nizet | 102 | 564 | 44193 |
Anil Kumar | 99 | 2124 | 64825 |
James O. Prochaska | 97 | 320 | 73265 |