University of Rhode Island

About: University of Rhode Island is a education organization based out in Kingston, Rhode Island, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Bay. The organization has 11464 authors who have published 22770 publications receiving 841066 citations. The organization is also known as: URI & Rhode Island College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts.

Incremental Learning From Stream Data

Abstract: Recent years have witnessed an incredibly increasing interest in the topic of incremental learning Unlike conventional machine learning situations, data flow targeted by incremental learning becomes available continuously over time Accordingly, it is desirable to be able to abandon the traditional assumption of the availability of representative training data during the training period to develop decision boundaries Under scenarios of continuous data flow, the challenge is how to transform the vast amount of stream raw data into information and knowledge representation, and accumulate experience over time to support future decision-making process In this paper, we propose a general adaptive incremental learning framework named ADAIN that is capable of learning from continuous raw data, accumulating experience over time, and using such knowledge to improve future learning and prediction performance Detailed system level architecture and design strategies are presented in this paper Simulation results over several real-world data sets are used to validate the effectiveness of this method

Real-Time Databases and Data Services

Abstract: Typically, a real–time system consists of a a controlling system and a controlled system. In an automated factory, the controlled system is the factory floor with its robots, assembling stations, and the assembled parts, while the controlling system is the computer and human interfaces that manage and coordinate the activities on the factory floor. Thus, the controlled system can be viewed as the environment with which the computer interacts. The controlling system interacts with its environment based on the data available about the environment, say from various sensors, e.g. temperature and pressure sensors. It is imperative that the state of the environment, as perceived by the controlling system, be consistent with the actual state of the environment. Otherwise, the effects of the controlling systems’ activities may be disastrous. Hence, timely monitoring of the environment as well as timely processing of the sensed information is necessary. The sensed data is processed further to derive new data. For example, the temperature and pressure information pertaining to a reaction may be used to derive the rate at which the reaction appears to be progressing. This derivation typically would depend on past temperature and pressure trends and so some of the needed information may have to be fetched from archival storage. Based on the derived data, where the derivation may involve multiple steps, actuator commands are set. For instance, in our example, the derived reaction rate is used to determine the amount of chemicals or coolant to be added to the reaction. In general, the history of (interactions with) the environment are also logged in archival storage. In addition to the timing constraints that arise from the need to continuously track the environment, timing correctness requirements in a real–time (database) system also arise because of the need to make data available to the controlling system for its decision-making activities. If the computer controlling a robot does not command it to stop or turn on time, the robot might collide with another object on the factory floor. Needless to say, such a mishap can result in a major catastrophe. Besides robotics, applications such as medical patient monitoring, programmed stock trading, and military command and control systems like submarine contact tracking require timely actions as well as the ability to access and store complex data that reflects the state of the application’s environment. That is, data in these applications must be valid, or fresh, when it is accessed in order for the application to perform correctly. In a patient monitoring system, data such as heart rate, temperature, and blood pressure must be collected periodically. Transactions that monitor the danger level of a patient’s status must be performed within a specified time, and the data must be accessed within an interval that defines the validity of the data. If not, the computations made by the transactions do not reflect the current state of the patient’s health. A traditional database provides some of the functionality required by these applications, such as coordination of concurrent actions and consistent access to shared data. But they do not provide for enforcement of the

Seasonal and geographical variation of the mating call of the oyster toadfish Opsanus tau L.

Abstract: The boatwhistle, the mating call of the oyster toadfish Opsanus tau L. undergoes a pronounced seasonal cycle. The fundamental frequency increases to a peak early in the summer and then decreases markedly in the middle of July. The call duration decreases coincident with the fundamental frequency. It is hypothesized that these fluctuations are controlled by hormonal factors although temperature exerts a direct effect on the fundamental frequency. The fundamental frequency of the boatwhistle in early season is higher in southern populations than in northern ones. Part of this increase is attributed to increased temperature of southern waters. Call duration, which is independent of temperature, varies irregularly up and down the coast.

Aerobic Microbial Respiration in 86-Million-Year-Old Deep-Sea Red Clay

Abstract: Living microbes have been discovered many meters into marine sediments. On a cruise in the North Pacific Gyre, Roy et al. (p. [922][1]) discovered that oxygen occurred for tens of meters into the sediment. The bacteria living in these sediments were respiring the oxygen but at a slower rate than the supply of organic material dropping out of the water column, allowing these ancient deep marine sediments to remain oxygenated. Modeling showed that the rate of respiration of specific carbon decreased as a function of sediment depth, that is, its age. Thus aerobic metabolism can persist in deep marine sediments. [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.1219424

Neutron lifetime measured with stored ultracold neutrons.

Abstract: The neutron lifetime has been measured by counting the neutrons remaining in a fluid-walled bottle as a function of the duration of storage. Losses of neutrons caused by the wall reflections are eliminated by varying the bottle volume-to-surface ratio. The result obtained is ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\beta}}$=887.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3 s.