University of Rhode Island

About: University of Rhode Island is a education organization based out in Kingston, Rhode Island, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Bay. The organization has 11464 authors who have published 22770 publications receiving 841066 citations. The organization is also known as: URI & Rhode Island College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts.

Violence toward Black women in a nationally representative sample of Black families.

Abstract: This paper examines the incidence of violence toward women and risk factors for violence toward women in black families. Data from the Second National Family Violence Survey are analyzed. The Secon...

Motivational interviewing-based health coaching as a chronic care intervention

Abstract: Objective To evaluate the impact of motivational interviewing-based health coaching on a chronically ill group of participants compared with non-participants. Specifically, measures that could be directly attributed to a health coaching intervention on chronic illness were assessed. Design Quasi-experimental study design. Setting A large medical university in the north-west United States. Methods One hundred and six chronically ill programme participants completed a health risk survey instrument prior to enrolment and again at approximately 8 months. Outcomes were compared with 230 chronically ill non-participants who completed the survey twice over a similar time frame. Inverse probability of treatment weights were used in conjunction with the propensity score to correct for selection bias. Results Compared with non-participants, programme participants improved their self-efficacy (P = 0.01), patient activation (P = 0.02), lifestyle change score (P = 0.01) and perceived health status (P = 0.03). Fewer participants increased their stages of change risk over time than non-participants (P < 0.01), and more participants decreased their stages of change risk over time than non-participants (P = 0.03). Conclusion These results support motivational interviewing-based health coaching as an effective chronic care management intervention in impacting outcome measures that could also serve well as a proxy in the absence of other clinical or cost indices.

Measurement of free cupric ion concentration in seawater by a ligand competition technique involving copper sorption onto C18 SEP-PAK cartridges1

Abstract: Knowledge of ion speciation and free ion concentrations is important in predicting the biological availability and geochemical behavior of trace metals. Here we describe a new technique for measuring free cupric ion concentration in seawater based on sorption of copper onto SEP-PAK C,, cartridges and internal free cupric ion calibration. Calibration was achieved by adding cupric ion buffers, consisting of copper and excess concentrations of synthetic chelator, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). EDTA competes with natural organic ligands for copper complexation, but its copper chelate is not retained by the C,, cartridges. This latter property allows EDTA to bc used for free cupric ion calibration. Titrations in seawater utilizing the new technique revealed that copper was highly complexed. Fret cupric ion concentrations in three samples of seawater from lower Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, and one from off the coast of Peru were measured to be 10-12.3, 10 -120, 10 12.L, and 1O-“.5 M at total dissolved copper concentrations of 26.7, 16.5, 19.4, and 3.7 nM. From these values and from computed and experimental values for inorganic complexation, we compute that only 0.03-2% of the dissolved copper can be accounted for as inorganic species (Cu2+, CuCO,, CuOH’, etc.). The remainder, 99.97-98%, appears to bc organically complexed. These results are in general agreement with several other recent studies, using several techniques, of copper complexation in seawater.