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Institution

University of Rochester

EducationRochester, New York, United States
About: University of Rochester is a education organization based out in Rochester, New York, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Laser. The organization has 63915 authors who have published 112762 publications receiving 5484122 citations. The organization is also known as: Rochester University.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a uniform mid-infrared imaging and photometric survey of 36 young, nearby, star-forming clusters and groups using Spitzer IRAC and MIPS is presented.
Abstract: We present a uniform mid-infrared imaging and photometric survey of 36 young, nearby, star-forming clusters and groups using Spitzer IRAC and MIPS. We have confidently identified and classified 2548 young stellar objects (YSOs) using recently established mid-infrared color-based methods. We have devised and applied a new algorithm for the isolation of local surface density enhancements from point source distributions, enabling us to extract the overdense cores of the observed star-forming regions for further analysis. We have compiled several basic structural measurements of these cluster cores from the data, such as mean surface densities of sources, cluster core radii, and aspect ratios, in order to characterize the ranges for these quantities. We find that a typical cluster core is 0.39 pc in radius, has 26 members with infrared excess in a ratio of Class II to Class I sources of 3.7, is embedded in a A{sub K} = 0.8 mag cloud clump, and has a surface density of 60 pc{sup -2}. We examine the nearest neighbor distances among the YSOs in several ways, demonstrating similarity in the spacings between Class II and Class I sources but large member clusters appear more dense than smaller clusters. We demonstrate that near-uniform source spacingsmore » in cluster cores are common, suggesting that simple Jeans fragmentation of parsec-scale cloud clumps may be the dominant process governing star formation in nearby clusters and groups. Finally, we compare our results to other similar surveys in the literature and discuss potential biases in the data to guide further interpretation.« less

787 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
29 Mar 2012
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported results from searches for the standard model Higgs boson in proton-proton collisions at square root(s) = 7 TeV in five decay modes: gamma pair, b-quark pair, tau lepton pair, W pair, and Z pair.
Abstract: Combined results are reported from searches for the standard model Higgs boson in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV in five Higgs boson decay modes: gamma pair, b-quark pair, tau lepton pair, W pair, and Z pair. The explored Higgs boson mass range is 110-600 GeV. The analysed data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.6-4.8 inverse femtobarns. The expected excluded mass range in the absence of the standard model Higgs boson is 118-543 GeV at 95% CL. The observed results exclude the standard model Higgs boson in the mass range 127-600 GeV at 95% CL, and in the mass range 129-525 GeV at 99% CL. An excess of events above the expected standard model background is observed at the low end of the explored mass range making the observed limits weaker than expected in the absence of a signal. The largest excess, with a local significance of 3.1 sigma, is observed for a Higgs boson mass hypothesis of 124 GeV. The global significance of observing an excess with a local significance greater than 3.1 sigma anywhere in the search range 110-600 (110-145) GeV is estimated to be 1.5 sigma (2.1 sigma). More data are required to ascertain the origin of this excess.

786 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Imaging results suggest that intra-brain vascular dysregulation is an early pathological event during disease development, suggesting early memory deficit associated with the primary disease factors.
Abstract: Multifactorial mechanisms underlying late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) are poorly characterized from an integrative perspective. Here spatiotemporal alterations in brain amyloid-β deposition, metabolism, vascular, functional activity at rest, structural properties, cognitive integrity and peripheral proteins levels are characterized in relation to LOAD progression. We analyse over 7,700 brain images and tens of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Through a multifactorial data-driven analysis, we obtain dynamic LOAD-abnormality indices for all biomarkers, and a tentative temporal ordering of disease progression. Imaging results suggest that intra-brain vascular dysregulation is an early pathological event during disease development. Cognitive decline is noticeable from initial LOAD stages, suggesting early memory deficit associated with the primary disease factors. High abnormality levels are also observed for specific proteins associated with the vascular system's integrity. Although still subjected to the sensitivity of the algorithms and biomarkers employed, our results might contribute to the development of preventive therapeutic interventions.

786 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that cell-to-cell signaling systems control the expression and allow a coordinated, cell-density-dependent production of many extracellular virulence factors, which contribute to the pathogenesis of P. aeruginosa infections and to the development of new therapeutic approaches.
Abstract: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a bacterium responsible for severe nosocomial infections, life-threatening infections in immunocompromised persons, and chronic infections in cystic fibrosis patients. The bacterium's virulence depends on a large number of cell-associated and extracellular factors. Cell-to-cell signaling systems control the expression and allow a coordinated, cell-density-dependent production of many extracellular virulence factors. We discuss the possible role of cell-to-cell signaling in the pathogenesis of P. aeruginosa infections and present a rationale for targeting cell-to-cell signaling systems in the development of new therapeutic approaches.

786 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Recommendations for prevention and monitoring of cardiac dysfunction in survivors of adult-onset cancers were developed by an expert panel with multidisciplinary representation using a systematic review of meta-analyses, randomized clinical trials, observational studies, and clinical experience.
Abstract: Purpose Cardiac dysfunction is a serious adverse effect of certain cancer-directed therapies that can interfere with the efficacy of treatment, decrease quality of life, or impact the actual survival of the patient with cancer. The purpose of this effort was to develop recommendations for prevention and monitoring of cardiac dysfunction in survivors of adult-onset cancers. Methods Recommendations were developed by an expert panel with multidisciplinary representation using a systematic review (1996 to 2016) of meta-analyses, randomized clinical trials, observational studies, and clinical experience. Study quality was assessed using established methods, per study design. The guideline recommendations were crafted in part using the Guidelines Into Decision Support methodology. Results A total of 104 studies met eligibility criteria and compose the evidentiary basis for the recommendations. The strength of the recommendations in these guidelines is based on the quality, amount, and consistency of the evidence and the balance between benefits and harms. Recommendations It is important for health care providers to initiate the discussion regarding the potential for cardiac dysfunction in individuals in whom the risk is sufficiently high before beginning therapy. Certain higher risk populations of survivors of cancer may benefit from prevention and screening strategies implemented during cancer-directed therapies. Clinical suspicion for cardiac disease should be high and threshold for cardiac evaluation should be low in any survivor who has received potentially cardiotoxic therapy. For certain higher risk survivors of cancer, routine surveillance with cardiac imaging may be warranted after completion of cancer-directed therapy, so that appropriate interventions can be initiated to halt or even reverse the progression of cardiac dysfunction.

782 citations


Authors

Showing all 64186 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Eugene Braunwald2301711264576
Cyrus Cooper2041869206782
Eric J. Topol1931373151025
Dennis W. Dickson1911243148488
Scott M. Grundy187841231821
John C. Morris1831441168413
Ronald C. Petersen1781091153067
David R. Williams1782034138789
John Hardy1771178171694
Russel J. Reiter1691646121010
Michael Snyder169840130225
Jiawei Han1681233143427
Gang Chen1673372149819
Marc A. Pfeffer166765133043
Salvador Moncada164495138030
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023101
2022383
20213,841
20203,895
20193,699
20183,541