Institution
University of Rochester
Education•Rochester, New York, United States•
About: University of Rochester is a education organization based out in Rochester, New York, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Laser. The organization has 63915 authors who have published 112762 publications receiving 5484122 citations. The organization is also known as: Rochester University.
Topics: Population, Laser, Poison control, Health care, Large Hadron Collider
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Examples of pathogenic relationships are given, focusing on organisms for which many of the facets of their quorum-sensing systems have been elucidated.
Abstract: Bacteria were for a long time believed to exist as individual cells that sought primarily to find nutrients and multiply The discovery of intercellular communication among bacteria has led to the realization that bacteria are capable of coordinated activity that was once believed to be restricted to multicellular organisms The capacity to behave collectively as a group has obvious advantages, for example, the ability to migrate to a more suitable environment/better nutrient supply and to adopt new modes of growth, such as sporulation or biofilm formation, which may afford protection from deleterious environments The “language” used for this intercellular communication is based on small, self-generated signal molecules called autoinducers Through the use of autoinducers, bacteria can regulate their behavior according to population density The phenomenon of quorum sensing, or cell-to-cell communication, relies on the principle that when a single bacterium releases autoinducers (AIs) into the environment, their concentration is too low to be detected However, when sufficient bacteria are present, autoinducer concentrations reach a threshold level that allows the bacteria to sense a critical cell mass and, in response, to activate or repress target genes Most of the bacteria thus far identified that utilize quorum-sensing systems are associated in some way with plants or animals The nature of these relationships can be either amicable, as characterized by symbiotic bacteria, or adversarial, as seen with pathogenic bacteria There are numerous bacteria that have components of a quorum-sensing system for which the phenotype regulated remains an enigma Similarly, there are bacteria known to regulate a specific phenotype via quorum sensing for which one or more of the regulatory components have thus far eluded identification In this review we give examples of pathogenic relationships, focusing on organisms for which many of the facets of their quorum-sensing systems have been elucidated
1,094 citations
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TL;DR: This Letter shows that antenna designs can be transferred to the optical frequency regime by replacing lambda by a linearly scaled effective wavelength lambda(eff)=n(1)+n(2) lambda/lambda/lambda(p), with lambda(p) being the plasma wavelength and n(1), n( 2) being coefficients that depend on geometry and material properties.
Abstract: In antenna theory, antenna parameters are directly related to the wavelength lambda of incident radiation, but this scaling fails at optical frequencies where metals behave as strongly coupled plasmas. In this Letter we show that antenna designs can be transferred to the optical frequency regime by replacing lambda by a linearly scaled effective wavelength lambda(eff)=n(1)+n(2)lambda/lambda(p), with lambda(p) being the plasma wavelength and n(1), n(2) being coefficients that depend on geometry and material properties. It is assumed that the antenna is made of linear segments with radii R << lambda. Optical antennas hold great promise for increasing the efficiency of photovoltaics, light-emitting devices, and optical sensors.
1,094 citations
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TL;DR: The kinetic determination of the amount of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase released from lysed target cells was determined to provide a sensitive and precise measure of natural cytotoxicity when used in conjunction with appropriate controls and calculational methods.
1,093 citations
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TL;DR: The authors found that risk perceptions may differ because certain types of cognitive biases lead individuals to perceive less risk, and suggested that early in the decision process, biases may be beneficial because they lower risk perception, which allows entrepreneurs to generate the commitment needed for success.
1,092 citations
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TL;DR: Self-Determination Theory (SDT) is a macro theory of human motivation that evolved from research on intrinsic and extrinsic motivations and expanded to include research on work organizations and other domains of life.
Abstract: Self-determination theory (SDT) is a macro theory of human motivation that evolved from research on intrinsic and extrinsic motivations and expanded to include research on work organizations and other domains of life. We discuss SDT research relevant to the workplace, focusing on (a) the distinction between autonomous motivation (i.e., intrinsic motivation and fully internalized extrinsic motivation) and controlled motivation (i.e., externally and internally controlled extrinsic motivation), as well as (b) the postulate that all employees have three basic psychological needs—for competence, autonomy, and relatedness—the satisfaction of which promotes autonomous motivation, high-quality performance, and wellness. Research in work organizations has tended to take the perspectives of either the employees (i.e., their well-being) or the owners (i.e., their profits). SDT provides the concepts that guide the creation of policies, practices, and environments that promote both wellness and high-quality performanc...
1,089 citations
Authors
Showing all 64186 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Eugene Braunwald | 230 | 1711 | 264576 |
Cyrus Cooper | 204 | 1869 | 206782 |
Eric J. Topol | 193 | 1373 | 151025 |
Dennis W. Dickson | 191 | 1243 | 148488 |
Scott M. Grundy | 187 | 841 | 231821 |
John C. Morris | 183 | 1441 | 168413 |
Ronald C. Petersen | 178 | 1091 | 153067 |
David R. Williams | 178 | 2034 | 138789 |
John Hardy | 177 | 1178 | 171694 |
Russel J. Reiter | 169 | 1646 | 121010 |
Michael Snyder | 169 | 840 | 130225 |
Jiawei Han | 168 | 1233 | 143427 |
Gang Chen | 167 | 3372 | 149819 |
Marc A. Pfeffer | 166 | 765 | 133043 |
Salvador Moncada | 164 | 495 | 138030 |