Institution
University of São Paulo
Education•São Paulo, Brazil•
About: University of São Paulo is a education organization based out in São Paulo, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 136513 authors who have published 272320 publications receiving 5127869 citations. The organization is also known as: USP & Universidade de São Paulo.
Topics: Population, Context (language use), Medicine, Health care, Immune system
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: There is a lack of information on endophytes from tropical hosts, which are more severely affected by pests and diseases, so an updated and extensive literature is included, concerning new findings from tropical plants, including the characterization of endophytic fungi and bacteria microbiota from Amazon trees, citrus and medicinal plants.
628 citations
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TL;DR: High statistics measurements of inclusive charged hadron production in Au+Au and p+p collisions at sqrt[s(NN)]=200 GeV report no evidence of p(T)-dependent suppression, which may be expected from models incorporating jet attenuation in cold nuclear matter or scattering of fragmentation hadrons.
Abstract: We report high statistics measurements of inclusive charged hadron production in Au+Au and p+p collisions at rootS(NN)=200 GeV. A large, approximately constant hadron suppression is observed in central Au+Au collisions for 5
628 citations
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TL;DR: Traditional analytical protocols in current use are presented, and the influence of confounding variables on BPb levels are assessed and the significance of Pb determinations in human specimens including hair, nails, saliva, bone, blood, urine, feces, and exfoliated teeth are discussed.
Abstract: Lead concentration in whole blood (BPb) is the primary biomarker used to monitor exposure to this metallic element. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization define a BPb of 10 microg/dL (0.48 micromol/L) as the threshold of concern in young children. However, recent studies have reported the possibility of adverse health effects, including intellectual impairment in young children, at BPb levels < 10 microg/dL, suggesting that there is no safe level of exposure. It appears impossible to differentiate between low-level chronic Pb exposure and a high-level short Pb exposure based on a single BPb measurement; therefore, serial BPb measurements offer a better estimation of possible health outcomes. The difficulty in assessing the exact nature of Pb exposure is dependent not so much on problems with current analytical methodologies, but rather on the complex toxicokinetics of Pb within various body compartments (i.e., cycling of Pb between bone, blood, and soft tissues). If we are to differentiate more effectively between Pb stored in the body for years and Pb from recent exposure, information on other biomarkers of exposure may be needed. None of the current biomarkers of internal Pb dose have yet been accepted by the scientific community as a reliable substitute for a BPb measurement. This review focuses on the limitations of biomarkers of Pb exposure and the need to improve the accuracy of their measurement. We present here only the traditional analytical protocols in current use, and we attempt to assess the influence of confounding variables on BPb levels. Finally, we discuss the interpretation of BPb data with respect to both external and endogenous Pb exposure, past or recent exposure, as well as the significance of Pb determinations in human specimens including hair, nails, saliva, bone, blood (plasma, whole blood), urine, feces, and exfoliated teeth.
627 citations
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Cornell University1, University of East Anglia2, University of São Paulo3, University of South Carolina4, Centre national de la recherche scientifique5, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign6, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation7, National Institute of Oceanography, India8, Middle East Technical University9, Ghent University10, United States Geological Survey11, University of California, Los Angeles12, United States Naval Academy13, Kyoto University14
TL;DR: A worldwide compilation of atmospheric total phosphorus (TP) and phosphate (PO4) concentration and deposition flux observations are combined with transport model simulations to derive the global distribution of concentrations and fluxes of TP and PO4.
Abstract: A worldwide compilation of atmospheric total phosphorus (TP) and phosphate (PO4) concentration and deposition flux observations are combined with transport model simulations to derive the global distribution of concentrations and deposition fluxes of TP and PO4. Our results suggest that mineral aerosols are the dominant source of TP on a global scale (82%), with primary biogenic particles (12%) and combustion sources (5%) important in nondusty regions. Globally averaged anthropogenic inputs are estimated to be similar to 5 and 15% for TP and PO4, respectively, and may contribute as much as 50% to the deposition over the oligotrophic ocean where productivity may be phosphorus-limited. There is a net loss of TP from many (but not all) land ecosystems and a net gain of TP by the oceans (560 Gg P a(-1)). More measurements of atmospheric TP and PO4 will assist in reducing uncertainties in our understanding of the role that atmospheric phosphorus may play in global biogeochemistry.
626 citations
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TL;DR: The prevalence of diabetes in Brazil is comparable with that of more developed countries, where it is considered a major health problem.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of diabetes and IGT in the urban adult Brazilian population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used a two-stage, multicenter, cross-sectional survey in a random sample of 21,847 individuals aged 30–69 yr from nine large cities. Subjects were first screened by FCG. All positive screenees (FCG ≥ 5.6 mM/L) and every sixth consecutive negative screenee were administered a 75 g OGTT and classified as diabetic, IGT, or normal (nondiabetic) according to WHO recommendations. OGTT findings from the negative screenees were extrapolated to all negative screenees after adjustments for potential biases. RESULTS The overall rates were 7.6 and 7.8% for diabetes and IGT, respectively. Men (7.5%) and women (7.6%) had similar rates of diabetes. Similar rates resulted with whites (7.8%) and nonwhites (7.3%). Diabetes prevalence increased from 2.7% in the 30–39-yr age-group to 17.4% in the 60–69-yr age-group. Diabetes was more prevalent among less educated people, but this difference disappeared after adjusting for age. Family history of diabetes was associated with a twofold increase in diabetes prevalence (12.5 vs. 5.8%); the same increase occurred with obesity (11.6 vs. 5.2%). Undiagnosed diabetes accounted for 46% of the total prevalence. Among previously diagnosed cases, 22.3% were not under treatment, 7.9% were on insulin, 40.7% were on oral agents, and 29.1% were on dietary treatment only. Self-reported diabetes prevalence was 0.1, 3.2, and 11.6% in the age groups 70 yr, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of diabetes in Brazil is comparable with that of more developed countries, where it is considered a major health problem.
626 citations
Authors
Showing all 138091 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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George M. Whitesides | 240 | 1739 | 269833 |
Peter Libby | 211 | 932 | 182724 |
Robert C. Nichol | 187 | 851 | 162994 |
Paul M. Thompson | 183 | 2271 | 146736 |
Terrie E. Moffitt | 182 | 594 | 150609 |
Douglas R. Green | 182 | 661 | 145944 |
Richard B. Lipton | 176 | 2110 | 140776 |
Robin M. Murray | 171 | 1539 | 116362 |
George P. Chrousos | 169 | 1612 | 120752 |
David A. Bennett | 167 | 1142 | 109844 |
Barry M. Popkin | 157 | 751 | 90453 |
David H. Adams | 155 | 1613 | 117783 |
Joao Seixas | 153 | 1538 | 115070 |
Matthias Egger | 152 | 901 | 184176 |
Ichiro Kawachi | 149 | 1216 | 90282 |